Orchid inonzi inoyevedza yakaisvonaka uye yakaoma maruva. Nokudaro, varimi vemaruva vanosarudza kukura mumusha vanoda kuziva zvirwere zvikuru zvinokanganisa orchids, uye nzira dzekurapa kwavo.
Zviratidzo zvehosha ye orchid:
- kuchena kwemashizha;
- kuonekwa kwemavara uye kuora pamashizha;
- kuora kwemidzi;
- kurasikirwa kwemashizha turgor;
- Withering yemashizha;
- kusava nekukura kwemashizha nemidzi;
- fall falls flowers.
Zvirwere zvisingaiti zvehutachiwana hwemapindu orchids
Izvirwere izvi zvinosanganisira zvirwere izvo zvinomuka mumiti yacho nemhaka yekusafanira kutarisirwa. Chiratidzo chikuru ndicho chitarisiko chemavara machena kana kuti kupenya kwemashizha zvachose.
Zvinokonzera:
- chimiro chakatonhora;
- nguva yakawanda hypothermia;
- kumwa mvura yakakwana;
- kushaya chiedza;
- kupisa kwezuva;
- kupisa (kupisa) kwechirimwa.
Kana nzvimbo yehukomba iri shoma, saka kusika mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka e orchid, inogona kurapa maruva.
Zvirwere zvepachirwere zve orchids uye kurapa kwavo
Iko kune marudzi akawanda ezvirwere zvehutachiona hwemaruva orchids, iyo inowanzozivikanwa ndeye viroz. Izvo zvipembenene zvakanyanya zvehutachiona zvinoyamwisa maharasi (aphids, spider mites, thrips) uye zvitsvina zvitsvene. Kupararira kuburikidza nemiti yacho, mavairasi anoita shanduko mumashizha emashizha, kubvisa uye kumira kukura kweduva.
Akabatwa nehutachiona, orchids, zviri nani kukanda kunze pakarepo, kuitira kuti usaparadzira mamwe maruva. Uye kuchengetedza virosis nedzimwe zvirwere zvehutachiona, unofanira kuchengetedza orchids kubva kunezvipembenene zvinokuvadza uye shandisa zvishandiso chete zvinodzivirira.
Zvirwere zvefungal uye mabhakitiriya emaruva orchids uye kurapa kwavo
Fusarium kana tracheomycosis
Iyi fungal vascular disease, nokuti fungus inopinda mumusimwa kuburikidza nevhu uye ronda, inogadzirisa pora huru, iyo inotungamirira kune huwandu hunooma hwezvirimwa zvinomera.
Kurapa: maruva anogona kuponeswa chete pakutanga kwechirwere ichi, apo chikamu chiduku chemidzi chakatambudzwa. Kuti uite izvi, zvakakosha kushambidza midzi, kutema zvikamu zvakatapukirwa, kuzvidzora nemoto wakashandurwa, garlic solution, isiri-doro antiseptic kana sinamoni uye inovhara nesarufa. Iyo yose midzi inofanira kuraswa nefungicides uye inopindirwa muhari itsva.
Bhakitiriya mashizha
Uyu ndiwo chirwere chinonzi phalaenopsis. Mashizha anotanga kuvhara, ndokusviba, anova maronda anonyorera uye akaoma anoonekwa pavari.
Mishonga: chengetedza zvikamu zvakakanganiswa, cheka zvikamu nemhepo yakashanda kana iodini. Kana mavara matsva asingaonekwi mumazuva gumi, chirwere chacho chakakundwa.
Anthracnose, powdery mildew, rust
Izvi ndizvo zvirwere zvinowanikwa mumashizha mumaruvaki, anoonekwa nekuda kwekusimudza kwemvura pamashizha uye mumasimusi, kunzvimbo yakakwirira munzvimbo. Iwe unogona kuzvigadzirisa nokutanga kuumba zviduku, uye ipapo mavara makuru, akafukidzwa nemapfeko akasiyana-siyana (pink, machena, yellow, brown fluff).
Kurapa: nzvimbo dzakasvibiswa dzemashizha kubvisa fungus, yakasaswa nemarasha akaitwa uye inoshandiswa na Skorom naTopsin-M.
Black mushroom (yakasviba)
Ichi chirwere chinotanga pamashizha eamoriki, ayo ave akaoma nemhaka yekukuvara kwezvipembenene (aphids, mealybugs, nhovo dzakachena). Kunoita ruvara rutsvuku harubvumi mashizha kuti awane chiedza chezuva mune zvakawanda, uye maruva acho anowedzera.
Kurapa: kuitisa kurapwa kwemavara madema pamashizha neMikosan kana kugadzirwa kwemakemikari Ridomil, Topsin-M, Skor.
Rotting
Izvi zvinonyanya kurwara kubva mumidzi ye orchids, asi inogona kuchinja mashizha nemaruva.
Orchids inogona kukura mhando dzinotevera dzekuora: midzi, grey, fusarium, yakasviba, bhakiteriya yakasviba. Zvese dzinokura semugumisiro wekusarudzwa kwakasarudzwa kwemaruva: kusina kururama (kwakakwirira kana kuderera) kutonhora nekunyorova.
Kurapa:
- Ruramisa kutengesa kwakakodzera nemumhepo muimba.
- Itai basa rokugadzirisa:
- pamudzi-katatu 0.1% solution ye benzalate vhiki mbiri;
- apo grey - chero fungicide, asi nguva imwe neimwe yekuchinja mishonga;
- Apo Fusarium - katatu pazuva, inomira mune 0,2% solution ye nheyo kwemazuva gumi.
- pamabhanhire madema uye mavara - kubvisa nzvimbo dzakashamisika, kufukidza nemarasha, kushandura midzi yose Bordeaux mvura (1%) uye kudhinda muhari yakachena.
Kucherechedza orchid zviratidzo zvehutano, zviri nani kuti tsvaga kutsvaga mazano kubva kune vanyori.