Kwenguva yokutanga izwi iri rakashandiswa nechiremba wechiFrance Janet kumashure kwekunopera kwezana remakore rechi19. Uyu nyanzvi akacherechedza kuti kune vamwe vanhu nheyo yemafungiro inogona kuve yakasiyana nemunhu uye kubva pakuziva kwake. Parizvino, izwi rinotsanangura zvinhu zvitatu zvinoshamisa uye chidzidzo chavo chakabatanidza masayendisiti uye masayendisiti.
Dissociative identity disorder
Izvi zvinokonzerwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kushushikana uye zvinoshungurudza zvakaitika. Maererano nekutsvakurudza, ruzivo rwekuzivikanwa runoitika mumunhu mukuru uye muhuduku, vanopfuura 90% varwere vakati mumakore ekutanga vaishungurudzwa, vasina hanya, havana kunzwa vakachengetedzwa. Kuratidza zviratidzo zvechirwere hazvigone kuitika pakarepo, kazhinji kushungurudzika, iyo ndiyo nzira yekugadzirisa uye kutanga kwezviratidzo zvenguva kwenguva iri kure kwemakore 10-20. Saka, vanhu vakuru vanowanzotanga kubatsira.
Dissociative personality disorder - zviratidzo
Kune zviratidzo zvizhinji zvechirwere ichi, uye zvakanyanya kubva kune zvakarongwa zvinopindirana neavo vane maitiro mune dzimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa. Saka, hazvibviri kutsanangura dissociative syndrome nekuzvimiririra, chete chiremba anogona kugadzira kunyatsoongorora, asi urongwa hwezviratidzo huchiri kukosha kuziva, muhutano uye zvakasiyana ivo chiratidzo chokuti iwe unofanira kutsvaga rubatsiro. Zvakakosha kumirira, kana shamwari yaonekwa:
- Kuyeuka kwepfungwa kana amnesia chimwe chezviratidzo zvakajeka zve dissociative disorder.
- Musoro wemusoro, kushushikana kusingafadzi mumuviri, asi kuongororwa kwechiremba hakuna kubudisa chero matambudziko ehupenyu.
- Depersonalization. Munhu anotaura nezvake mumunhu wechitatu kana muzhinji. Anosunungura akasununguka zviitiko zvehupenyu hwake naiye pachake, anoti anonzwa kuti ari kutarisa kubva kunze, uye haasi mubatsiri pachiitiko chacho.
- Nguva yenguva inoshandiswa nekusaita, kusava nehanya uye kusada kuchinja chimwe chinhu.
- Derealization. Zvinhu zvakajairika, midziyo nevanhu vanoita sevasingazivikanwi, zvisati zvaonekwa.
Multiple personality syndrome
Iri ndiro zita rechipiri rechirwere ichi, rinoshandiswa zviri pamutemo zvikuru, asi rinonyanya kuzivikanwa kumudzimai wemaguta kupfuura wepamutemo. Munhu akawandisa zvinoreva kuti munhu ane huwandu humwe chete, asi maviri kana kupfuura. Izvo zvinotyisa, izvo zvinoreva, zvaivepo kubvira pakutanga, zvine maitiro ayo ehutsika, asi zvakagadzirirwa kutonga nekuyeuka pane dzimwe nguva muupenyu. Nokudaro, kune kukanganisa mumangariro, munguva ino, munhu anotonga chikamu chechipiri.
Dissociative amnesia
Izvi hazvirevi kukanganwa, zvinowanzoitika. Psychogenic amnesia haisi kukonzerwa nehupenyu hwechokwadi, kutaridzika kwayo kunokonzera mamiriro ezvinhu anotambudza anowanzobatana nekuora mwoyo kwakanyanya. Mune nguva yekuratidzwa kwechiratidzo, munhu haakanganwi zvikamu zvikuru zvehupenyu hwake, haagoni kutaura kuti aive ani, zvaakaita. Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvemakiriniki, zvinorondedzerwa kuti murwere haazive zvakaitika kwaari mukati memavhiki kana mwedzi, zviitiko zvemu nguva ino zvakanyatsobviswa.
Dissociative disorder inogona kuonekwa nezviratidzo:
- munhu haagoni kutaura zvaakaita kwemaawa akawanda, kwaaiva;
- shamwari inotaura kuti haina kuona munhu, asi vamwe vanhu vanoti mutambo waiva;
- munhu anodana nzvimbo dzinonyatsozivikanwa nevasingazivi, zvisiri zvisizvo, zvinoratidza kuti ari pano kwekutanga, kunyange izvi zvisipo.
Psychogenic fugue
Chimwe chiitiko chinosangana nechirwere ichi. Anoonekwa mukufamba kusingatarisirwi kana kushanduka kwekugara kwekusingaperi, pamwe chete nekuparara kwakakwana kwehupenyu hwake, munhu anochinja zita rake, basa, nharaunda. Zviratidzo zvekunze kwechimiro chechiitiko ichi zvakanyanyisa. Kucherechedza kutanga kwekuchinja kwehutano pakutanga kwegadziriro, muongorori wepfungwa chete ane ruzivo rwakakura anogona kushanda. Amnesia inofambidzana nehurumende ye amnesia.
Fukan dissociative - mienzaniso:
- Muna 1887 mufundisi ane zita rainzi Burn, akabvisa mari yake yose mubhangi, akapinda mumotokari ndokubva aenda kune nhungamiro isingazivikanwi. Mushure meimwe nguva, muguta rakasiyana-siyana, mutengesi Brown, akamuka pakati peusiku ndokutanga kushevedza vavakidzani vachichema, akati haasi mutengesi, akanga asingazivi kuti akanga aripi pano. Izvozvo zvakaitika kuti iyi ndiyo Burn, uyo akanga asipo kwenguva yakati.
- Muna 1985, munyori wenhau Roberts akangoerekana aparara. Kutsvaga kwake kwakapfuurira kwemakore gumi nemaviri, mushure mekunge akawanikwa muAlaska, kunyange zvazvo mukadzi wacho pachake ainzi ainzi Di, aishanda semuumbi uye aiva nevana vana. Asi masayendisiti akatonga kuti musikana uyu ari muhurumende yehugue uye amnesia.
Dissociative Depression
Munhu haana hanya, haadi kuita chero chinhu, anoramba kutora mutoro wehupenyu hwake. Maitiro a dissociative anoratidzwa mumatambudziko ekurara, kumhan'ara kwemahope. Kana iyi inotora mavhiki anopfuura 2-3, iwe unofanira kuonana nokukurumidza nachiremba wako, nokukurumidza izvi zvaitwa, kukwirira mikana yekukurumidzira kutora mamiriro ekugadzirisa. Zvinotarisirwa kutarisa uye kudzivirira kuzviuraya , iyo inogona kuratidzwa.
Dissociative stupor
Izvi zvinopesana nemotokari zvinoshanda, izvi zvinokonzerwa chete nemafungiro epfungwa. Iyo dissociative mamiriro emurwere panguva yakaoma yakajeka kuona, munhu wacho anosununguka mune imwe pose uye haaiti kune zvinoitika kunze. Paanogumbura, iwe unofanidza kudana ambulensi, iwe haugone kuunza mudiwa wako kunze, haanzwi kurwadziwa.
Dissociative personality disorder treatment
Nhasi imwe yezviyero zvinoshandiswa. Murwere anorayirwa mishonga inodzora chirwere che dissociative che psyche, musabvumira munhu kupinda mune imwe nyika, kutiza kubva kwaari. Pamwe chete nezviyero izvi, murwere anoshanyira mushonga, nokuti zvakakosha kuti ataure uye aongorore zvakare chinetso chinotyisa chinokonzera kutanga kwechirwere.
Dissociative disorder inorapwa kwenguva yakareba, kazhinji iyo inotora makore 3-5, asi masayendisiti varikuvandudza nzira dzose itsva, saka tariro yekukurumidza kuitika kunowanikwa kwenyika inowedzera gore rose. Pari zvino, unyanzvi hwokurapa hunoshandiswa, mhuri inoshanyira kugadziriswa kwepfungwa uye masangano, nekubatanidzwa mumatafura ose uye kudzidzisa kwevanhu vakadaro vakarongeka.