Smear on cytology inonyanya kukosha kupa nguva dzose vakadzi vane hutano hwepabonde akawanda, vatanga kuita zvepabonde makore gumi nemakore asati apera, vasina simba rekuchengetedzwa kwezvirwere.
Nzira yekutora smear
Iko kune kumwe kugadzirirwa kwekuvhara muviri, izvo zvinobvumira kuwana mhinduro dzakavimbika. Nenzira iyo, smear yekudzidza haina kutorwa mushure mezuva rechishanu rekuenda kumwedzi. Uyewo pasingapfuuri zuva raunoda kubvisa kushamwaridzana kwepabonde, kuiswa kwezvinodhaka mumudzimai, kurwisa. Usazora maawa mashoma maawa maviri musati washanyira kuchiremba.
Cytological smear inotorwa nechitubu chakakosha. Mitsara yekuongororwa inofanira kutorwa kubva pakatarisana kweplati uye eplinyricum epithelium (shanduko yenzvimbo), uye ichigoverwa pane slide. Nharaunda yekushandurwa inowanzowirirana pamwe nenzvimbo yekunze kwehuro, asi inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nezera uye mahomoni. Nzvimbo ino inonzi inonzi epithelium. Izvo zvakasarudzwa zvemukati epithelium mune smear zvakakosha nokuti chirwere chinotyisa chinotanga nezvikamu zvishoma zvepervical epithelium uye zvino inofambira mberi, kumusoro. Kana chete iyo yepamusoro yepamusoro inopinda mukati memafuro, ipapo kuongororwa kuchave kwakarurama chete pachikamu chekupedzisira chechirwere chekenza.
Kutsvakurudza
Chirwere chechivharo uye chikadzi chinogadzirisa mhuka, iyo inonzi flat flat epithelium. Izvi zvinogadzira basa rinodzivirira. Kazhinji, mumukadzi ane hutano, epithelium mune smear inofanira kuratidzika. Kana iyo isipo kana iripo mune zvishoma, izvi zvinogona kuratidza kusasha kweestrogen kana kuti atrophy ye epithelial cells.
Iyo epithelium yakazara mune smear inofanira kumira nemasero akadai: masero ehupamhi, masero epakati nepakati, uye masero e-basal-parabasal. Kuumbwa kwemasero kunowirirana zvichienderana nechikamu chekuenda kumwedzi. Madzimai emakore ekuberekwa, epithelium yakazara inogadziriswa zvakare uye inotsiviwa zvachose nehuwandu hwemasero mazuva ose 4-5.
Smear results
Chimiro chemasero epa epithelium yakazara mukati mevakadzi mukati mevakadzi inobva kumakamuri matatu kusvika ku15 mumunda wekuona. Kana pane zvakawanda zve epithelium mune smear, izvi zvinogona kuratidza kuputika kwakanyanya kana kuchangobva kuendeswa kunopararira (kuvhiringidza kunoratidzwa nehutachiona hunovandudzwa).
Kuwana kwemasvikiro easypical (akashandurwa) haafaniri kuva akaenzana. Izvi zvinogona kuratidza dysplasia yakasiyana-siyana (zvichienderana nekukuvadza kwomuviri), uye nhamba huru inoratidza kenza.
Iyo nzira yekuvhiringidza keratinization ye epithelium yakazara mu smear panguva yekuongorora kwechivix inotarirwa nekuvapo kwemasumbu emadekariari akaiswa masukisi epa flat epithelium.
Zvivharo zve eplitilium cylindrical mune smear mukati memiganhu yekugadzirisa inofanira kunge iri mumapoka mashoma, nenzira yezvivako zveuchi. Uyewo, pangave nemasero anokonzera umo iyo cytoplasm inoputika nemucheka. Dzimwe nguva granules yemfihlo inowanikwa mumasero aya.
Ectopia inoratidzira mumuviri mumuviri wechibereki, umo kushanduka kwepisiramu epithelium yepamusoro kunowanikwa, kuchichitora neepatilium yakazara.