Kutanga basa remufananidzo, kana kungotenga girazi reimba yekutanga, iwe unofanira kuziva kuti nokuda kwehupirwo hwemafirimu zvakakosha kuti uwane kwete michina yakanaka chete, asiwo lens. Nzira yekusarudza lens yakakosha sei mubvunzo wako haisi basa rakaoma.
Chigadziro che lens yekampera yakagadzirwa
Tisati taenderera mberi kumubvunzo wekusarudza lens kwekhamera, ngatitaurire zvakadzama pamusoro pekuti chii chinonzi lens, nei ichidiwa, uye nei chichifanira kutaurirwa nezvose zvakashata pane zvarinosarudza. Chinangwa chikuru che lens ndeyekuunganidza chiedza, kuisa pfungwa uye kuchigadzira mugirazi rekhamera. Sei tichida kushandiswa kwemajeri akawanda, kana imwe convex yakwana kuita basa iri?
Kana chiedza chichipfuura napamusoro pe-lens, tinowana nhamba huru yekubwinya kwemaziso, iyo inogona kukanganisa kunaka kwemufananidzo. Nokudaro, kuitira kuti kugadzirisa chiedza chechiedza, zvakawanda zvekuwedzera lenzi zvinoshandiswa, zvichipa lens zvigadziriswa zvidimbu - kuvhara, urefu hwetara. Nhamba yezvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvinogona kusvika kune gumi nemaviri kana kupfuura. Mazuva ano lenzi inosanganisira nzira dzebetsero dzinopa kuisa pfungwa, kukurumidza, uye kutonga kwechidimbu. Nyaya yacho inoshandiswa kubatanidza zvinhu zvose uye inokwira kune SLR kamera.
Chii chinonzi lens removable for SLR camera?
Mirror kamera ndeyemhando yepasi rose musungwa, iyo, maererano nezvayo, inogona kurarama nemabasa akawanda - kuvepa mifananidzo, kupisa, nzvimbo, simba. Zvakakosha kuisa sarudzo yakakwirira-refu, uye kamera yako ichaita zviratidzo zvinoshamisa nekududzirwa kwepamusoro nekudzika kwemasango, "fisheye" lens ichaita kuti zvikwanise kuita mifananidzo yakanaka yepanoramic. Izvi zvinoreva kuti, kuitira kuti uite mune rumwe rudzi rwekupfura, haufaniri kuchinja majekitori, unoda kuziva kuti ndeipi lenzi yaunosarudza nokuda kwezvinangwa zvako.
Mhando ye lenzi ye SLR kamera
Zvichienderana nemuenzaniso weklasi uye technic capabilities, kune mhando dzinotevera dze lens ye SLR makamera:
- Whale lens . Iri lens, iro rinopera rinopiwa neS SLR itsva kamera. Vakawanda vevotori vemotanga vanotanga naye vanotanga kuzivana nenyika yekutora mifananidzo. Zvakakwana kumifananidzo yemamish home, asi haikwanise kushandiswa pakugadzira mifananidzo.
- Muchero ine nguva yakatarisa yakareba . Aya majekiseni anovhenekera, ayo anopa kubwinya kwakakura kwemunda uye anoshandiswa kunyanya pakuona mufananidzo, anozivikanwa se "portraits" kana "Fix".
- Macro lens . Mazuva ano mapirogiramu emazuva ano ane "macro" basa, asi kune unyanzvi hwekupfeka zviduku zvishoma, zvakanyatsotsanangurwa zvinodiwa, uye zvigumisiro zvakanakisisa zvinogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekubatsirwa kwemajeri macro.
- Telephoto lens . Pamusana pehupamhi hukuru hwepamusoro, lenzi yakadaro inoshandiswa pakupfura mhuka nemhuka mumusango, uyewo zvinhu zvisingagoni kuswedera pedyo. Mimwe mienzaniso yakagadzirirwa kugadzirisa mufananidzo kuitira kuti ruoko rwemufananidzo wekutinhira rurege kuparadza mufananidzo wakatorwa kure kure.
- I-angle-angle-lens , inonzi fisheye, inokubvumira kutora maonero makuru ekuona, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakanakisisa zvekutora nzvimbo, zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira kana mukati. Kunyangwe nerubatsiro rwavo unogona kuwana tsvimbo dzinoshamisa nekutanga kwekuona kusvibiswa.
Zviratidzo zve lenzi ku SLR makamera
Nekadiki masheji akaenzana, mubvunzo wekusarudza kwema-lens haisi nyore. Hazvibvumirwi kutenga mabhizimisi e-SLR akadai - kana iyo pachayo iine bhajeti-yakatengwa, leni yakakwirira-refu haigoni kuzviratidza. Chii chandinofanira kubhadhara pamusoro pekusarudza lensi?
- Focal urefu ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha zvinotarisa kuti lens inofungidzira kana kuti inovhara nyaya yacho. Panewo lensisi ine urefu hwakatarisa hukuru, hunoshandiswa kutora mifananidzo.
- Aperture . Iyi parameter inotarisa kuti chiedza chakakura sei chinofanira kuenda kumatrikisi ekamera. Kukosha kwemafuro kunotsanangurwa nehupamhi hwepamusoro hwekuvhara lens, iyo inoendesa chiedza kuburikidza nemakisi. Izvozvo zvinopenya majekiseni zvinopa mufananidzo wakaoma uye wakakura, zvinokubvumira kupfura nekunyoresa ruzha uye zvishomanana kuvhuta nokukurumidza, izvo zvinodzivisa kuputika kwefomu.
- Image stabilizer . Yakawanda mazuva ano lenzi yakagadzirirwa nebasa iri, saka chitubu hachibvumi nekuda kwekudedera kwemaoko omutori. Iyi basa inonyanya kukosha kune lenzi ine urefu hukuru hunotarisa.
Ungasarudza sei lens focal urefu?
Tisati tasarudza lenzi yekamera, ngatitaurire nezvekamera pachayo. Icho chikuru che "SLR", maererano nezvatinoona shanduro yemhizha kana dhigirii yematori - ihukuru hwematrice. Mune makamera akazara makamera akazara-full Full Frame matrix, mumasikirwo akaenzana uye echechi matrikisi akaderedzwa, nguva ino inonzi "chibage chinokonzera".
Usati wasarudza lenzi yakarurama, zvinokosha kufunga kuti lens rinotora mufananidzo wakazara, asi zvose zvaro zvichawira pamatrice, kana kuti chikamu chayo chinobva paukuru. Icho chinotarisa kuti pamatrices emichero chikamu chechifananidzo chinogurwa, uye mufananidzo wacho pachawo unowedzera zvinopfuura zvese zvakazara. Nokudaro, kana tikasarudza mufananidzo wemavara, tinogona kutora 50 mm yeChirongwa Chizere, anenge 35 mm yezvirimwa.
Paunosarudza lendi yakakura-yakakosha, zvinokosha kufunga nezvehukuru hwematrice. Kuti pave nechirongwa chakakwana che SLR kamera, i-ultra-wide-angle lens ("fish eye") inofanira kunge yakareba yakareba 7-8 mm kusvika 24, iyo yakawanda yakareba-angle lens - kubva pa24 kusvika 35 mm. Kana tiri kutarisana nekutenderera, nzvimbo yacho inofanira kuwedzerwa 1.6 nguva.
Ndeipi lenzi iri nani kusarudza?
Tanyatsonzwisisa kuti zvii zvinoratidzira lenzi, asi kuti unzwisise sei zvakasiyana-siyana, sei kusarudza lens ye SLR kamera pasi pekukumbira kwako, kana iwe uchiri kutanga mumifananidzo? Ngatitaurire zvakadzama pamusoro pekuti izvi uye mamwe lenzi anokwanisa kuita sei.
Ndeipi lenzi yekusarudza mutambi wemufananidzo?
Kana iwe chete uchingoda kuziva SLR kamera, zvinhu zvepamusoro-soro hazvifaniri kutengwa, uye lens inofanira kuva yekirasi yakakodzera. Kana uchitanga, unogona kutora lenzi mbiri-whale yekuputika, guta, zviitiko, uye mufananidzo unodhura. Bhizinesi rekushandisa bhajeti inonzi lens inobwinya zvikuru ye8,8, iyo inodhura mari yakawanda ine kukosha kwe 1.4. Icho chaunosarudza chinoenderana nemari yako unyanzvi. Mubvunzo wokuti ungasarudza sei whale lhale haipo - inouya nekhamera.
Ndeipi lenzi yekusarudza ye studio kudura?
Muyo studio, munhu anowanzopfurwa akazara, uye nzvimbo yekamuri haisi yakakura nguva dzose, uye lens kure-focus haigoni kushanda kwatiri. Iyo yakanakisisa yekugadzirisa, nzira yekusarudza lens ye SLR kamera mu studio, ichave iko kutenga lens nenhare yakareba ye 24 mm. Nokuda kwezvakajeka uye zvakanaka, uye kunyange mavara akajeka, zviri nani kutenga unyanzvi L lens, asi mutengo waro uchave wakakosha.
Ndechipi chiso chokusarudza chinyorwa cheimba?
Nokupura pamba, kunyanya kana mhuri ine vana vaduku, inowanzomirira kuita chimiro nokukurumidza, pasina nguva refu uye kuchinja kunorwadza. Nokuda kwechinangwa chakadaro, iri nyore whale lens inokodzera - mifananidzo ichave iine hupenyu, yakajeka uye yakakwirira. Kana iwe uchida zvimwe kubva pamifananidzo, unogona kutenga lensera yemifananidzo. Mamwe mavara emarori e SLR makamera haagoni kubudirira kushandiswa pamba.
Nzira yekusarudza sei lens nokuda kwekufanirwa kuvezwa?
Sarudza chimiro chemaziso hachisi chakaoma, uye kune maviri mazano. Nzira yekutanga ndeyekuwana kwema-lens nekwakagadzika urefu hwe 35 mm kana 50 mm (yechipiri sarudzo inozivikanwa zvikuru). Nokuda kwepamusoro-soro yemifananidzo, zviri nani kutarisa kudii 1.2 yematsetse aya L - mifananidzo ichave yakarongedzwa nekukwirira kwakadzika, ruvara rwakanaka uye ruvara rwakakosha. Mhando yepamusoro yekutengesa - 1.4, iyo inokubvumirawo kuti unakidzwe nemifananidzo yekuona.
Shanduro yechipiri ye lens yekusika mifananidzo yakanaka ndeye lens ine urefu hunosvika 24-70 mm, iyo iyo yakawanda inokosha inopa kujeka kwakadzika uye ruvara rwakasvibiswa. Kunyanya ichi iyi lens ndeyokuti inogona kushandiswa zvinobudirira ye studio kupotera, kusagadzikana kweiyi sarudzo ndiko kusagadzikana kwekupfura portraits kubva kure.
Nzira yekusarudza lens yekuongorora nyaya?
Ongororo yehurukuro inogona kunge yakasiyana, uye zvakananga kupikisa, somuenzaniso, ndiro, zvakasiyana zvakasiyana nekuzvishongedza zvishongo. Pamusoro pezvinhu zvakakura, unogona kushandisa lensi yakataurwa pamusoro apa nehupamhi hwema 24-70, nokuda kwezvinhu zviduku zvaunofanira kutora macro lenses chete, izvo zvinonyatsotora zvose zvese.
Ndeipi lenzi yekusarudza yevhidhiyo kudhura?
Kubvunza mubvunzo, somuenzaniso, iyo lenzi ipi yekusarudza yemuchato, vanhu vazhinji vanoda "kuuraya shiri mbiri nedombo rimwe" mune imwe tsvimbo uye kutora lens kuti ifukidze vhidhiyo. Kana zvichibvira, zviri nani kuti usaita izvi, nokuti mavhidhiyo ekupfura mukirati yemakirati ndeimwe basa rinowedzera. Zvakawanda zvinotaurwa pamusoro pokuti hapana chevhidhiyo inoshanda mune unyanzvi phototechnics. Kana uchida kukodha mavhidhiyo pakamera, sarudza lenzi iyo inopa kudzika kwakadzika kwebasa, uye ichinyanya kuzarura muzvirongwa, zvisinei kana kutarisa kwekutarira kuchaparadza zvose.
Ndeipi lenzi yekusarudza nzvimbo?
Kufukura mamiriro ezvinhu, iwe unowanzoda kuumba unyanzvi, unosimbisa yakaisvonaka pane imwe nzvimbo inoyevedza uye uchiita kuti uve chirevo chakajeka. Mifananidzo yakanakisisa ndiyo inonyanya kuonekwa nemifananidzo yakareba, uye izvi zvinogona kupa bedzi-angle-lens iyo inokwanisa kuvhara yakareba yakawanda kupfuura dzimwe lenzi.
Pamusana pezvakajairika zvekugadzira mifananidzo, unogona kushandisa ultra-wide-angle lenses, iyo inopa maonero akasiyana-siyana ekusavhiringidza nemaonero. Apo patinosarudza lense yemamiriro ezvinhu, mutengo wezvikamu wakakosha zvakakosha - mhetekedzo L ichaumba mifananidzo yakaisvonaka, asi mutengo wayo haufanire munhu wese. Asi nehutano hwakanaka hweunyanzvi uye yekuwana photoshop, iwe uchagutsikana uye unowanikwa zvakanyanya.
Ndeipi iyo yakareba angle lens inosarudza?
Kana tikasarudza yakareba-angle lens, tinocherechedza lensisi nemarefu akareba 24 kusvika ku40 mm. Mwenje yakadaro ichaita pfuti chaiyo pasina kukanganisa maonero, izvo zvinokosha kumifananidzo yemasango, mukati. Marefu-angle-lenzi ane marudzi maviri, uye chimwe nechimwe chazvo chinobatsira uye chinotyisa.
- Nekugara kwenguva refu. Unhu hwemifananidzo huchava nani, saka mutengo wakakwirira. Majekiseni akadaro ane kukanganisa kwakakosha - hazvibviri kuenzana nemufananidzo, uye pane dzimwe nguva hazvisi nyore.
- Nenguva yakasiyana-siyana yekureba. Unhu hwemufananidzo wacho hwakaderedzwa zvishoma, asi kuwedzera kumwe kukwanisa kuunza chiitiko chekupfura pedyo.
Pane imwe tsananguro inokosha - kune yakareba-angle lens uye nguva dzose uye inochinja diaphragm. Kana imwe nhamba yeF F yakanyorwa pane lens, ipapo kukosha kwekuvhara kunotsanangurwa, asi kana ma F nhamba maviri - iyo inogona kugadziriswa. Icho chiri pasi ichi chinokosha, zviri nani mapikicha ako achava.