Kuparadzanisa imba kubva kunotonhora ndeimwe yemabasa ekutanga pakuvaka kana kugadziriswa kwekugadzirisa. Hazvina mhosva kuti inotonhorera zvakadini, isina moto kune denga, kutonhorera muimba yacho kuchapararira pakudonha kokutanga kwehutori kunze kwehwindo.
Ndeupi rudzi rwekusungirirwa kwekushandisa padenga remba?
Iyo yakarongeka yakakwana yedenga inodzivirira kutonhora munguva yechando, uye muzhizha - kubva pamoto. Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu uye kugadziriswa nehutano hwekugadza kunoenderana nekukwanisa kweimba kuti ive yakakwana yekupisa. Kuchengetedza kwepamusoro padenga reimba kunofanira kusarudzwa, zvichibva pane zvinotevera:
- Moto kuchengeteka (kana pamoto, denga harifaniri kuputika, naizvozvo kana rikashandiswa, cellulose, matanda uye zvakasimwa sawdust hazvisati zvashandiswa);
- Kuwirirana kwezvakatipoteredza (kunopisa mumwaka unopisa, kuvaka hakufaniri kusunungura mafuta anouraya emakemikari akabatanidzwa);
- Kupfeka kupikisa (denga rinofanira kumirisana nechando neyando, iyo inogadziriswa yakakwirira uye yakadzika isina kurasikirwa nechimiro);
- Kuchengetedza kwemazwi (high-tech types of insulation for roof roof muffle mutinhiro wemvura nechimvuramabwe, zvichibvumira kuronga muimba yekurara kana kuti nzvimbo yekuzorora padenga repamusoro);
- Mvura inopisa simba mumvura (evaporation yemazamu haafaniri kuunganidzirwa muimba yepamusoro uye kuita kuti kuonekwa kwehuni nefungi);
- Izvo zvakakosha kuwanda (kunyanya kuvharidzira kwepenga kune denga kunopesana fragility, uye inorema-iyo pachayo inobatsira pakuwa);
- Kuyera (iyi parameter inobva kune iyo nzvimbo uye mamiriro ekunze).
Heater
Nzira yekutsanangurira heater pamusoro pedenga remba haingagumi pasina chinhu chakakosha sechimiro cheimba yedzimba. Chinyorwa chinonyanya kushandiswa ndechokuti kupatsanurana kuve kwakaputika uye kuputika. Iko kunogadzika kunogona kuva imwe-yakagadzirirwa , gable , tende uye kutsetseka kwechina (inonziwo hip). Chero chespecies chayo chinobatsira zvikuru: nepamusoro peimba padenga hunyoro hunoyerera pasi, husingaregi pairi.
Mhepo inopisa pamusoro pedenga reimba yamapuranga, yakagadzirwa maererano nemhando yegomba, inoparadzirwa zvikuru mumakamuri edzimba uye dzimba dzedzimba. Chinhu chinonyanya kusarudzwa ndechokuti "inopisa" padenga: zvinhu zvinoda zvakagadzirwa pamakumbo, pedenga padenga uye napakati pezvokutakura zvinorema. Nzira "inotonhorera" inoita mari, asi inorambidza vashandi vemukana wokurara muimba yepamusoro-chemba: zvinonyatsodikanwa kuti aise chikamu chepasi chepasi.
Hedhi yekudenga denga
Chiratidzo chekuti kupisa kunokosha kunopfuurira neputikidziro chechivanze chiri mamiriro okunze. Muchando chando pavanenge pasisina kutonhora, chando hachigari pairi, asi chinonyunguduka. Ichi chiitiko chinokonzerwa nekuti mweya unopisa nemhepo inopisa inosununguka inopinda nepasitini uye inopisa denga. Kuiswa kwepamusoro pedenga nehaater yeimba yepamusoro yakanyanyisa kuita nemaoko ako nokuda kwechigadzirwa chiri nyore chekuita kwedenga iri:
- Inzvimbo inoshandiswa inoda zvinyorwa zviviri-iyo inosanganisira kuvhara uye kuvhara mukati;
- Masvingo emakamuri akadaro anomiririra imwe nzvimbo nedenga, saka imwe kona inofanira kurohwa zvakare;
- Munharaunda yepamusoro yeimba yepamusoro inotarisirwa kugovera mapegi akawanda emhepo kuti kudzivirira kupfuvura kwakanyanyisa.
Hesheni nokuda kwedenga rakapetwa
Denga rakakomberedzwa nderimwe chifukidziro, chine maonero nechepamusoro pedenga reimba hachipfuuri 15 degrees. Denga rakadaro rine nheyo yakasimba yakagadzirwa nesimbi, iyo inoita kuti iyanise kubvisa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvepurasitiki vachengeti kubva mukati nekunze. Zvose zvinoregererwa mumutsetse wemubhadharo wekudziya kwechifukidzo chemhando iyi ndeye 200 kilogiramu pamamita mita. Paimba, isina michina yegorosi, uyu muganhu unogona kusiyana mune zvishoma.
Iyo yakanakisisa yekudzivirira kwepamusoro pedenga reimba
Vagadziri vemazuva ano vanobudisa mhando dzakawanda dzezvisimbiso zvehutano hwakasiyana, mavara uye mutengo wechikwata. Chiyero chekuisa pasi pamusoro pedenga redu chinotungamirirwa nezvinhu, iyo yakakura iyo isiri pasi pe 80-100 mm. Nenzira imwecheteyo, iyo yakasununguka kubva kumashure kwepamusoro pedenga nekupfira kana kuputika mahwendefa. Pakati pevasununguri vanoita izvi, tinogona kutumidza zita rokuti:
- girazi wool;
- mineral slag;
- fiber fiber;
- polyurethane foam;
- basalt;
- akawedzerwa polystyrene foam;
- minota yemvere;
- akawedzera ivhu.
Kunyanya kusungirirwa kwedenga remba kuchave kusina maturo, kana chimwe chezvikanganiso zvinowanzoitwa panguva yekusarudzwa uye kushandiswa kwayo. Insulator haifaniri kuonekwa sechinhu chinoyevedza chemukati, saka vazhinji vehodzi vari kuedza kuchengeta pairi. Ichokwadi, chero unyanzvi huchakurudzira kubhadhara mukurumbira wegadziri uye mazano akanaka.
Kuchengetedza kwemafupa kwepamatenga
Polyurethane mhombwe inowanikwa nokuzadza rudzi rwakakosha rwepurasitiki negesi. Mucherechedzo wenyaya iyi i-micro-chamber yakazadzwa ne freon uye ine zvigadziriswa zvinopisa zvinodzivirira maitiro. Inowanikwa kubva musanganiswa wemafuta nemiti yemichero. Iyo yakanyanyoiswa pachena yepamusoro pedenga remapombi inofanira kunge ichidzivirira kune unyoro uye kuumbwa uye kuva nehupenyu hwehutano hwemakore makumi maviri. Kune mhando mitatu yekuputika chipfupa:
- soft;
- chiyero chemazana;
- zvakaoma.
Pa polyurethane kuputika kwemafuro mukana mukuru ndeye mutengo wakaderera tag. Inotengeswa mumvura yakasviba, saka inopinda panguva yekushanda mumapapiro ose, grooves uye voids. Pakati pezvakanaka zve polyurethane mvere ndeye:
- Smooth surface yechipfuva chemukati chechivanze (mushure mekugadziriswa hakuna kuenzana uye kumira);
- Izvo hazvidi kuti zvigadzikane (maitiro emuperesi uye kukurumidza kukurumidza haafaniri kutsigirwa kutsigirwa);
- Iwe unogona kuita kunze kwekugadzirira kushandiswa (kusvibisa kunokodzera chero ipi zvayo yekupfeka);
- Iko kodzero yekumira zvakanyanya kutonhora (yakaoma furosi haina kurasikirwa nekusimba kwayo pamatambo anosvika ku 2200 degrees).
Basalt kupisa kwekushisa kweimba
Mutungamiri mukuchengetedza moto pakati pevatsigiri anonzi "machira ematombo" - basalt. Iyo yakasununguka uye yakasununguka, inodzorera zviri nyore chimiro uye inotemwa neyakasikwa kemikisi banga. Kusarudza kuti ndeupi rudzi rwekudzivirira hunodiwa padenga reimba yeimba, zvakakosha kufunga nezvekuti basalt ndiyo chete yakasvibirira iyo mice uye rats hazvigoni kupera. Vata inorema zvishoma uye haigoni kunaya pasi pemvura inonaya. Simba remichina iyi rinotsanangurwa nekuumbwa kwebasalt: iyo fiber inowanikwa kune yakanyungudutswa isina-carcinogenic rocks.
Izvo zviri pakati pe pores yezvinhu zvakasvibirira, izvo zvinoita kuti kubviswa kwemhepo kunzvimbo yakakwirira. Izvo-zvisingatsviki mvere haigoni kufungidzirwa semhepo uye ine nzvimbo yakanyunguduka yepamusoro: inogona kusanganiswa nevamwe vanovhara kudzivirira kupararira kwemoto mumoto. Denga rekudzivirira rinogadzirwa nebasalt rinotakura chero mitoro, naizvozvo inogona kushandiswa nemapapiro nemapurisa.
Mineral insulation for the roof
Kune mhando mbiri dzekusungirirwa pane zvicherwa: huta hwekotoni, hwakagadzirwa kubva kunyauswa kwematombo kana kuputira tira Izvi zvinyorwa padenga reimba zvinokwanisa kuponesa zvinokonzerwa nekutsvaira kwechisimba nekugadzira zvinhu. Marabhu e slag vasati vasimwa vanoiswa mumvura inovhara mvura kudzivirira mvura kupinda pakunaya. Kutenga kubudirira kunogona kufungwa nemakwenzi akaitwa nekotoni mvere pamwe nekuwedzera kwe fiberglass.
Roof insulation - yakawedzerwa polystyrene
Styrofoam yakanakisisa yekuisa chisimbiso chekunze kwemashure ematambudziko - makona, skates uye majoints. Kuvhara shongwe kubva mukati kunotyisa kana vakafanana nekuwedzera kunopisa uye kusvibiswa kwemhepo. Yakawedzerwa polymer panguva yekugadzira dzimwe nguva inoburitsa toxic substances: painoshanda nayo, muridzi weimba inofanira kuva nechokwadi chekusimudzira kufamba kwechivako. Kana iyo mhombodo inonzi polystyrene mushure memakore mashomanana ekushandiswa inotanga kubuda pamisungo, iyo yakasimbiswa nematepi akasimudzirwa uye kuputika kwemafuro.
Nebasa remukati, kuburitsa uku kwakakodzera zvakapiwa kuti inenge yava gasket mukika rekumusoro. Iyi ndiyo nzira inowanzochengetedzwa yekuchengetedza marenga munzvimbo dzinotonhora kubva pakurasikirwa mukati mekupisa. Bhokisi rezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana rinosimbiswa pamatairi anogadziriswa akaitwa nehuni yakasvibiswa, kushandura zvinhu zvakagadziriswa muhutano hwakadaro:
- crate rafter system;
- hwaro hwemangwana pasi;
- hydroprotection;
- basalt insulation;
- akawedzerwa polystyrene;
- roll insulator steam.
Kusungirirwa kwepamatenga - minvate
A classical mvere dzemakwenzi ematombo anowanikwa nekunyunguduka nekupfira. Iyo inokunda pane slabs inopfuta furnace slag - iyo inogadziriswa. Iko kusungirirwa kwepurasitiki kune denga kunogadziriswa ne antiseptic, iyo inogonesa biostability yemashoko acho. Mushure mekugadzira machira emucheka muimba yepamusoro, iwe unofanirwa kumirira kwemazuva mashoma uye uongorore mhinduro yakawanikwa apo shrinkage ye slabs yapera. Nekudzivirira kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, unogona kushandisa marudzi akadaro ekuvharasi se:
- horizontally-layered;
- corrugated;
- vertical-layered;
- cellular;
- spatial.