Husi kure neKremlin's Spassky Tower, mumoyo weMoscow , inonzi St. Basil's Cathedral inozivikanwa nenyika yose. Ane mamwe mazita mazhinji: Cathedral of the Intercession yeVakaropafadzwa Virgin Mary, iri mumhepo, uyewo Intercession Cathedral. Kusvikira kutanga kwezana remakore re XVII, chivako ichi chekuvakwa kweRussia chainzi Troitsky, nokuti chechi yekare yehuni yakavakwa mukukudza kweUtatu Utatu. Ngatitangei kufamba kwenguva pfupi munhoroondo uye tione kuti ndiani akavaka kereke yeSt. Basil uyo Akakomborerwa uye kupi, chokwadi, kereke iyi iripo.
Nhoroondo yezvisikwa zveKathedral yeSt. Basil the Blessed
Muna 1552, zuva reKunyengeterera kwaamai vaMwari, varwi veRussia vakatanga kurwisa Kazan, iro, sezvinozivikanwa, rakaguma mukukunda Golden Horde. Mukukudzwa kwake, Tsar Ivan the Terrible uye akarayira kugadzirwa kwechechi yekereke inogona kupfuurira chiitiko chakadaro chakafadza.
Kuvakwa kwechechi yebwe reSt. Basil iyo Yakaropafadzwa paRoot Square yakatanga makore maviri gare gare panzvimbo yaive neChechi yeUtatu yakanga yakagadzirwa nematanda, uye apo, maererano nenheyo, benzi dzvene rakavigwa, nezita rayo kereke yakatumidzwa. Pane rondedzero, inonzi Basil Akaropafadzwa pachako akaunganidza mari yeTemberi iyi, zvisinei zvaive kana kwete, hapana anoziva. Mushure mezvose, zuva chaiyo rekufa kwebenzi dzvene harisi kusimbiswa. Kunyange zvakadaro, Fyodor, mwanakomana waIvan the Terrible, akarayira kusikwa kwechitendero cheSt. Basil uyo Akakomborerwa muChechero yeChechi, apo mabhuku ake akaiswa.
The Intercession Cathedral yakavakwa kwemakore matanhatu. Munyori wepfungwa huru ye temberi ndiye Metropolitan Macarius, uye yakashandiswa nevakadziri vaviri, Barma naPostnik. Imwe shanduro yeiyi inotaura kuti Cathedral yeP Pskov yakavakwa nePaskov artisan ainzi Barma. Imwe nyanzvi inoti Ivan the Terrible akafara netemberi yakanaka uye haana kuda kuvaka pane imwe nzvimbo muchechi yakanaka yakafanana. Saka akabvunza muumbi wekugadzira kana aigona kuvaka imba yakaenzana yakaisvonaka. Tenzi akatsamwa akapindura kuti aigona kuzviita, uye ipapo mambo akatsamwa uye akarayira kuti aone bofu.
Nzira yeSt. Basil's Cathedral
Chivakwa cheChipcession Cathedral chirongwa chinenge chetende chakakomba uye shongwe huru hupfumi dzakapoteredza. Muchirevo cheiyi mufananidzo unosanganisira zvikwata zviviri zvakabatana, izvo pamwe zvinoumba nyeredzi gumi-nhatu, chiratidzo cheMhandara Yakaropafadzwa. Uyewo, nhamba yechisere inomiririra zuva iro Jesu Kristu akamutswa uye chiyeuchidzo chenyeredzi yeBheterehema, iyo yakaratidza nzira inoenda kuna Kristu achangoberekwa. Kubatanidzwa kwezvikwata zviviri chiratidzo chechokwadi chokuti Evhangeri yakapararira pasi rose.
Chivako chetemberi chakanga chakavakwa kubva pane chinhu chitsva panguva iyoyo - zvidhina. Zvinhu zvekushongedza, nheyo uye pasi-pasi zvakange zvakasongedzwa nechecheni chezvidhinha. Tende iri pakati petemberi rakashongedzwa nemapuranga e polychrome uye yakashongedzwa neKoshnikami. Izvo zvigadzirwa zvekugadzirwa kwechivande uye nechomukati muchechi yekereke vane vavariro dzakafanana.
Zvitsveneswa zvisati zvapera muna 1557, Metropolitan Makarii pamberi peTsar Ivan the Terrible. Kwenguva yakareba Intercession Cathedral, iri paRed Square, ndiyo yaiva yakakwirira kwazvo muMoscow .
Munguva yemoto unotyisa wakaitika muna 1737, Intercession Cathedral yakaparadzwa zvakakomba, asi yakadzorerwa zvakare, uye muzana remakore rechi17 yakadzorerwazve. Panguva iyoyo, tende rakabatanidzwa pamwe chete netembere pachayo. Panguva ino kereke yaive yakakurumbira zvakasiyana-siyana, sezvatinoona nhasi. Muchigadzirwa chayo pakanga pane chishongedzo chakanaka chefresco mufananidzo pazvivharo uye shongwe dzemakamuri.
Pakupera kwezana remakore rapfuura, Vose-Night Vigil yakaitwa muChechi yeSt. Basil iyo Yakaropafadzwa mushure mokunge apera nguva refu, uye ipapo Liturgy. Gore roga roga, mutambo weKunyengeterera kuno unochengetwa.
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