Muchikamu chino tanyora kudengenyeka kwepasi kwakasimba kupfuura mamwe ose munhau yevanhu, iyo yakave njodzi dzepasi rose.
Gore negore nyanzvi dzinogadzirisa zvinenge mazana 500 000 kudengenyeka. Vose vane simba rakasiyana, asi vashomanana chete avo vanooneka chaivo uye vanokonzera kukanganisa, uye mapoka acho ane simba rakaparadza.
1. Chili, 22 Chivabvu 1960
Chimwe chekudengenyeka kwenyika kukuru kwakaitika muna 1960 muChile. Kukura kwahwo kwaiva 9.5 points. Vakatambudzwa zvechiitiko ichi chevanhu vaiva 1655 vanhu, vanopfuura 3 000 vakakuvara nekusiyana kwakasiyana, uye mamiriyoni maviri akasara asina pokugara! Nyanzvi dzinofungidzira kuti kukanganisa kwacho kwakasvika $ 550 000 000. Asi kunze kweizvi, kudengenyeka uku kwakaunza tsunami yakaenda kuHawaiian Islands ndokuuraya vanhu 61.
2. Tien-Shan, July 28, 1976
Ukuru hwekudengenyeka kwenyika muTien Shan kwaiva ne8.2 points. Iyi njodzi inotyisa, maererano nehurukuro yepamutemo, yakataura hupenyu hwevanhu vanopfuura 250 000, uye zvisizvo zvisingazivikanwi zvinoparidzirwa pa 700 000. Uye izvi zvingava zvechokwadi zvechokwadi, nokuti panguva yekudengenyeka kwenyika, zvivako zvamiriyoni 5,6 zvakaparadzwa zvachose.
3. Alaska, March 28, 1964
Uku kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakaunza 131 kufa. Ichokwadi kuti izvi hazvina kukwana kana zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe nharaunda. Asi ukuru hwekudengenyeka kwezuva ihwohwo hwakanga huri mapfumbamwe 9.2, izvo zvakaita kuti kuparadzwa kweavo zvivako zvose, uye kukanganisa kwakakonzerwa kwakasvika madhora 2 300 000 000 (yakagadzirirwa kutengesa).
4. Chile, 27 February 2010
Ichi ndicho kumwe kudengenyeka kwenyika kunoparadza muChile kwakakonzera kukanganisa kukuru kuguta: mamiriyoni edzimba dzakaparadzwa, mazana emaguta akazara mvura, mabhiriji akaputsika uye mahwindo. Asi chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuti vanenge 1 000 vanhu vakaurayiwa, vanhu 1,200 vakanga vasipo, uye mamiriyoni 1.5 misha yakakanganiswa muzvidimbu zvakasiyana. Kukura kwahwo kwaiva 8.8 points. Maererano nehuwandu hwezviremera zveChile, mari yekukuvara inopfuura madhora 15,000,000,000.
5. Sumatra, 26 December 2004
Ukuru hwekudengenyeka kwenyika kwaiva mapfumbamwe 9.1. Kudengenyeka kwenyika uye tsunami zvakavatevera zvakauraya vanhu vanopfuura 227 000. Inenge dzose dzimba muguta racho dzaive dzakananga nenyika. Kuwedzera kune nhamba huru yevanhu vanogara munharaunda yacho, vanopfuura 9 000 vatashanyi vekune dzimwe nyika vakashandisa mazororo avo munzvimbo dzakaputirwa ne tsunami vakaurayiwa kana kuti vasipo.
6. Honshu Island, March 11, 2011
Kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakasimuka pachitsuwa cheHonshu, kwakazunungusa nyika yose yekumabvazuva kweJapan. Mumaminitsi matanhatu chete ematambudziko 9, nzvimbo inopfuura makiromita zana kubva mugungwa yakakwira kumamita mamita 8 uye yakarova zvitsuwa zvekumusoro. Kunyangwe chigadzirwa chenyika yenyukireya chaFukushima chakanga chaparara zvishoma, izvo zvakaita kuti kusunungurwa kwemhepo kusvike. Vakuru vane hurumende vakataura pachena kuti nhamba yevarwere ndeye 15 000, vagari vemo vanoti izvi zviyero zvakanyanyisa.
7. Neftegorsk, May 28, 1995
Kudengenyeka kwenyika muNeftegorsk kwakanga kwakakura kwemashoko manomwe. Yakaparadza zvachose musha mumasekondi 17 chete! Munharaunda yakawira munharaunda yacho, vanhu 55 400 vaigara. Pakati idzi, 2040 vakafa uye 3197 vakasara vasina denga pamusoro pemisoro yavo. Neftegorsk yakanga isiri kudzorerwa. Vanhu vakakurudzirwa vakatamira kune dzimwe nzvimbo.
8. Alma-Ata, January 4, 1911
Uku kudengenyeka kwenyika kunonyanya kuzivikanwa seKemin, nokuti chiitiko chayo chakawira pamupata weGreat Kemin. Ndiyo yakasimba zvikuru munhoroondo yeKazakhstan. Chimwe chinhu chinokonzerwa nenjodzi iyi chakanga chiri nguva refu yechikamu chekutsvaira kwekuparadza. Somugumisiro, guta reAlmaty rakanga rava kuda kuparadzwa zvachose, uye munharaunda yerwizi rurefu rwakakura rwekuyamura kwakaumbwa, iyo yakareba yakareba yaiva makiromita 200. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo munzvimbo dzakaputika dzakavigwa zvachose kumba.
9. Dunhu reKanto, Svondo 1, 1923
Uku kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakatanga musi waSeptember 1, 1923 ndokupedza mazuva maviri! Pakazara panguva ino, kudengenyeka kwe356 kwakaitika mune iri ruwa rweJapan, iyo yekutanga yaiva yakasimba-yakakura kusvika 8,3 points. Pamusana pekuchinja kwechinzvimbo chegungwa, zvakakonzera ma-tsunami gumi nemaviri. Somugumisiro wekudengenyeka kwenyika kwakawanda, zvivako 11 000 zvakaparadzwa, moto wakatanga uye mhepo ine simba yakakurumidza kuparadzira moto. Somugumisiro, zvivako 59 uye mabhiriji 360 akapiswa. Nhamba yepamusoro yekufa yaive 174,000 uye 542 000 vanhu vakaudzwa kuti vashayikwa. Vanhu vanopfuura 1 mamiriyoni vakasara vasina pokugara.
10. Himalaya, August 15, 1950
Kwakanga kune kudengenyeka kwenyika mumakomo kunzvimbo yeTibet. Kubwinya kwacho kwaiva 8.6 mapepa, uye simba rakaenzana nechisimba chekuputika kwema 100,000 mabhomu eatomu. Nhau dzevanhu vakaona zvaiitika pamusoro pekutambudzika uku kwakavhunduka-kutinhira kwekutinhira kwakatanga kubva mumatumbo epasi, kutengesa kwemashure kunokonzera kukonzera vanhu, uye motokari dzakakandirwa kure nemamita 800. Chimwe chezvikamu zvechitima chakawira pasi pasi mamita mashanu. munhu, asi kukanganisa kwakabva kune njodzi kwakasvika $ 20,000,000.
11. Haiti, 12 Gunyana 2010
Simba rekutyisidzika kukuru kwekudengenyeka kwenyika uku kwaiva nezvikamu 7.1, asi mushure mekutevera kwakatevedzana kwezvinyorwa zvekudzokorora, ukuru hwaive hwaive nemashanu kana kupfuura. Nemhaka yenjodzi iyi, vanhu 220 000 vakafa uye 300 000 vakakuvadzwa. Vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni 1 vakarasikirwa nemisha yavo. Kuparara kwezvinhu izvozvi kubva kudambudziko iri kunofungidzirwa pa 5 600 000 000 euros.
12. San Francisco, Kubvumbi 18, 1906
Ukuru hwemafungu emvura ekudengenyeka kwenyika iyi aiva 7.7 mapeji. Kudengenyeka kwakanzwika kuCalifornia yose. Chinhu chinotyisa zvikuru ndechekuti vakatsamwisa kubuda kwemoto mukuru, nokuti iyo inenge inenge iyo nzvimbo yose yeSan Francisco yakaparadzwa. Nhamba yevarwere vedambudziko iyi yaisanganisira vanhu vanopfuura 3 000. Hafu yehuwandu hweSan Francisco yakarasikirwa nedzimba dzayo.
13. Messina, December 28, 1908
Yaiva imwe yenyika huru kudengenyeka muEurope. Yakarova Sicily nechekumaodzanyemba kweItaly, ichiuraya vanenge vanenge 120 000 vanhu. Icho chikuru chekudengenyeka kweguta, guta raMutumwa, rakaparadzwa zvachose. Kudengenyeka kwenyika iyi 7.5-yakateverwa ne tsunami yakakunda nyika yose. Nhamba yevakafa yakanga inopfuura 150 000 vanhu.
14. Hurumende yeSayyuan, December 16, 1920
Kudengenyeka kwenyika uku kwakabudirira pa7.8 points. Yakaparadza inenge dzimba dzose mumaguta eLanzhou, Taiyuan uye Xian. Vanhu vanopfuura 230 000 vakafa. Zvapupu zvakataura kuti mafungu kubva kudengenyeka kwenyika aionekwa kunyange kubva kumhenderekedzo yeNorway.
15. Kobe, 17 January 1995
Ichi ndicho chimwe chekudengenyeka kwenyika kwakasimba zvikuru muJapan. Simba rake raiva 7.2 pfungwa. Izvo zvinoparadza simba remagumisiro aya zvakaonekwa nenhengo inokosha yevanhu vemuhara iyi yenharaunda. Nhamba yevanhu vanopfuura 5 000 vakaurawa uye 26 000 vakakuvara. Nhamba huru yezvivako yakanga yakaenzana nevhu. IU.S. Geological Survey inofungidzira zvose zvinokuvadza zve $ 200,000,000.