Chimwe chezvirwere zvakajairika pasi pano mumhuka nevanhu ndezvechifuva. Koch's wand ndiyo inokonzera chirwere ichi chinotyisa, icho vanhu vave vachirwisana kwemazana emakore mazana emakore. Masayendisiti navanachiremba vanogara vachigadzira mishonga mitsva, asi havagoni kuparadza bhakitiriya.
Ndeipi mabhakitiriya Koch's wand?
Vanhu vazhinji vanofarira mubvunzo weboka ripi reabhakitiriya rinonzi Koch's wand? Iyo ndeyomutambo wepathogenic mycobacteria (actinobacteria). Chinhu chinonyanya kuipa kuvanhu ndeche 3 marudzi: nzombe, pakati nepakati pevanhu. Minorganisms iri mu reticuloendothelial system yemuviri, ine demo rekunze rakaoma uye fomu huru yeblonghi, yakafanana nefungus.
Koch's wand is a causative agent of tuberculosis
Inobata chifukidzo chetsvimbo yaKoch uye nhamba ye mycobacteria yayo inoratidza kuora. Bacilli inowira mukati memuviri womunhu muhucheche, asi chirwere hachiratidzi nguva dzose. Kubudirira kwaro kune simba rakaoma:
- hereditary predisposition;
- kudzivirira kudzivirira ;
- kuora mwoyo kwemunhu uye zvakadaro.
Nzira yekuuraya sei Koch's wand?
Iyi billillus, inokonzerwa nemasimba ayo ane simba matatu kunze kwekona, inofungidzirwa yakasimba, saka hazvisi nyore kuuraya iyo. Anokwanisa kurarama pamusoro pezvokupfeka uye zvinhu kwemwedzi miviri. Kuchengetedzwa kwemasikirwo emudonzvo weKoch kunoitwa nekubatsirwa kweklorini-ine liquid (yemaawa mashanu), hydrogen peroxide, irradiation ultraviolet uye zuva rakananga (anenge maawa maviri).
Koch wandinogara kwenguva yakareba sei?
Bhakitiriya ine unhu hwakasiyana-siyana hwekuramba uri muanaerobic nyika isina kufamba kwemakore akawanda. Inononoka kushivirira kupisa uye kutonhora, kunyanya kunaya uye kuoma. Kupindura mubvunzo: vangani vanorarama Koch's wand muimba, tinogona kutaura kuti munzvimbo inotonhora uye inonaya ichasvika kusvika makore manomwe. Pasi pemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, bhakillus inogona kuitika:
- mumuguta - makore gumi nemashanu;
- mumabhuku - mwedzi mitatu;
- muvhu - mwedzi mitanhatu;
- mumvura - mwedzi mitanhatu;
- muguruva mumugwagwa - mwedzi miviri;
- mumukaka usina kukwana - vhiki mbiri;
- in cheese uye mafuta - 1 gore.
Koch wandakafa sei?
Kushandisa nzira dzokudzivirira, vanhu vazhinji vanozvibvunza kuti: pane kutonhora kupi Koch wand wandakafa? Iyi billillus inorarama apo inenge yakatsvaira mvura:
- kusvika 60 ° С - inenge awa;
- pane 70 ° C - kusvika pamaminitsi makumi mana;
- pakubikira - kusvika pamaminitsi makumi maviri nemashanu.
Koch's wand ishandiswa sei?
Kuedza kuzvidzivirira ivo nevanoda kubva kuchirwere chechirwere chevanhu, vanhu vanofarira kuti Koch's wand inoparadzira sei. Inoparidzirwa nemadonhwe emhepo: panguva yekukurukurirana, kunyunyuta, kukwezva. Bhakitiriya rinopfurikidza rinogona kutapukirwa kuburikidza nezvokudya zvisina kunaka. Muchiitiko ichi, vana vanogona kubata bhakillus, nokuti varwere kwenguva yakareba havazivi nezvechinetso chavo.
Vanenge vane zana vane utachiona vanorwara vanenge mashanu. Vamwe vose vacharamba vachirarama murugare, kana pasina kuora simba kwedziviriro yemuviri. Koch's wand inogona kutanga kukura nokukurumidza uye kukura mumatambudziko anotevera:
- nekusagadzikana kana kusakwana kwezvokudya (zvokudya zvemakwenzi, zvokudya zvekudya);
- pakushandisa zvinodhaka nekudhakwa;
- pakusagadzikana kwehukama uye hupenyu hwehupenyu;
- apo kusvuta;
- pamwe nekushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya;
- ane zvirwere zvakadai seAIDS, chirwere cheshuga, zvipembenene, chirwere chinoputika uye zvakadaro.
Koch's incubation period
Nguva, kubvira panguva yekupinda mumuviri we mycobacteria uye kusati kwatanga kwezviratidzo zvekutanga, inonzi nguva yekudzivirira. Chikamu ichi chinogona kupera kubva pamwedzi miviri kusvika pagore. Tsvimbo yaKoch - iyo inokonzera chirwere chechirwere ichi chinotanga kupinda mumugwagwa wekupemha uye inobva kune imwe nyika yezvirwere zvemuviri. Zvimwezve zvingasarudzwa zvinogona kuitika:
- Muviri wemunhu ane utano hwakasimba, hutachiona hunoparara, uye zvakasara kubva kubhakitiriya yakashandurwa zvakare zvinosunungurwa mukati memamiriro ekunze. Chirwere ichi hachizogadziri munyaya iyi.
- Mune simba rakaoma rekudzivirira zvirwere mumuviri, mycobacterium haingazovhiri. Iyo, pamwe neropa, inopinda mumapapu, mumatumbo, itsvo, mapfupa, uye chinangwa chechirwere chinowedzera ipapo.
Mushure meizvi, nguva yekudzivirira inoguma uye munhu anonzwa zviratidzo zvokutanga zvechirwere. Nguva ino inogona kuva yakaoma kwazvo kugona, sezvo kutanga kwekukura nekukura kwetsvimbo yaKoch yakafanana zvikuru nezviratidzo kune kuvharidza utachiona hwehutachiwana kana kudhakwa. Pachikamu chekutanga, hapana bhirigoni inosunungurwa kubva mumuviri kuenda kunharaunda. Muedzo weMantoux panguva ino unoratidza mhinduro yakaipa.
Koch's Wand - Zviratidzo
Tuberculosis inogona kugara kwenguva yakareba isina zviratidzo, uye inowanikwa mushure mekushandura fluorography. Maziso anozivikanwa anochinja kana kuonekwa kwemavara pamufananidzo wechipfuva. Koch's wand inogadzira mumuviri womunhu zviratidzo zvepakutanga:
- kurasikirwa nechido;
- kuora kwehope;
- lethargy;
- sweating ;
- unopinza kuora kwekurema;
- kuwedzera mumuviri wekushisa kwemahara kusvika ku 37,5 degrees;
- blanching yeganda.
Maererano nehuwandu, inenge chikamu chetatu chenyika yose pasi pano inotapukirwa nebhakitiriya Koch's wand, asi haikwanise kuuraya vamwe. Iyi ndiyo iyo yakavharwa nehutachiona uye zvichida kuti chirwere ichi chichatanga kukura chinongova 10% chete. Pangozi ndei:
- vana kubva pamakore maviri kusvika ku3;
- vatorwa uye vapoteri;
- vanhu vanoshumira nguva munzvimbo yekudzikinura rusununguko;
- vanhu vasina nzvimbo yakagadzirirwa yekugara.
Muchikamu chekupedzisira chechirwere chepachifu - chimiro chakazaruka, mabhakitiriya anotanga kukura mumuviri. Iyi danho rinopararira uye rinozviratidza muchimiro:
- kupfupika kwemhepo;
- chizoro;
- chifuva chinoperekedzwa nemukati uye pasina;
- kurwadziwa mubhokisi mumamiriro akadzikama uye nechifuva;
- kuonekwa mu sputum yeropa.
Koch's Wand Analysis
Kuti uone kana pane tsvimbo yeKoch mumuviri womunhu, bhakitiriya rinokonzera chirwere ichi chinofanira kuva nyanzvi. Nzira huru yekuongorora ndeyekuongorora kwakakwana kune:
- biochemical uye kuchipatara kuongororwa ropa ;
- microbiological uye general urinalysis;
- X-radhi, yakaitwa mu 3 maitiro;
- microbiological test of sputum uye chero zvipfeko;
- enzyme immunoassay;
- Mantoux kana Pirke muedzo.
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuitira kuti musimbise kana kuramba kufungidzirwa, mimwe miedzo inowanikwa:
- pleural puncture;
- biopsy;
- bronchoscopy;
- sangano rekuongorora soro uye ropa;
- magnetic resonance imaging kana kuti computed tomography.
Kuongororwa kunoitwa kutanga nechiremba mu polyclinic, uye zvino, kana zvichidikanwa, anotumira kuchipatara chechirwere chepirmonologist kana phthisiatrist. Kana munhu ari kurwara, ipapo mukuongorora kwake kuchave:
- kuwedzera kweSR, kupfuura 60 mm neawa, pamutengo we10;
- nhamba yakakura ye leukocyte uye kuchinja mumamiriro avo;
- chiyero pakati pezvikamu uye cheka neutrophils chinoshanduka;
- hemoglobin inoramba iri mumiganhu yakakwana.
Koch's - treatment
Chimiro chinyoro chechirwere chetachiona chinorapwa nehutano hwakakosha hwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti tsvimbo yaKoch inokurumidza kugadzirisa zvinodhaka uye inotanga kudzivisa. Mycobacterium munguva yehupenyu hwayo inogona kusunungura zvinhu zvinosvibisa zvinokonzera kusagadzikana pamasero epachiviri uye ehusemu uye nhengo dzehupfu uye mishonga mumuviri womunhu.
Koch's - chirwere chinodzidza kurarama nazvo, murwere anorayirwa madhiragi mana anokosha uye anovatsigira nemishonga inobatsira. Semuenzaniso, sorbent yakadaro yepanyama, yakafanana nePolysorb, inosunga michina yemagetsi mumuviri nekubatsirwa kwesilicon dioxide uye inovabatsira kubvisa, uye inowedzera kushanda kwemishonga inodhaka.
Mune zviitiko zvakakomba, vanachiremba vanoshandisa kurapa kwakakodzera, kupora nekuchengetedza muviri, izvo zvinosanganisira:
- chemotherapy:
- Dzidzirai kurapa;
- kurapa zvinovaka muviri;
- vitamini therapy;
- physiotherapy;
- imwe yemishonga yakakomba iyo inofanira kutorwa pane imwe nguva uye ine dhi rakajeka.
Muzviitiko zvakanyanyisa, kupindira kwekuvhiya kunoshandiswa, mune iyo nzvimbo inotambudzwa, chikamu chemapapu kana chirwere chiri kubviswa. Kana mvura inotonhora inowedzera mumugwagwa, nyanzvi inoita kupisa uye ichiiputira kunze. Nekuteerera zvakasimba kwomurwere nemitemo yose, chirwere chepachifu chinoporesa, uye mune imwe nguva iyo chirwere chinokura uye chinoguma nemugumisiro unouraya.