Kupera kwemaster valve chirwere, icho chiri muhuwandu hwemhosva hunoonekwa panguva dzisina kuitika panguva yekuderera kwe ultrasound yemwoyo. Maererano nehuwandu, inenge 6% yevanhu vanove nechinetso chisina maturo, asi chiitiko chevakadzi chiri nani. Iyo inowedzera inowanzoongororwa muhuduku uye mudiki.
Chii chinonzi kupera kwemaster valve yemwoyo?
Mwoyo - rudzi rwepombi, musungo wakaoma musumbu, wakagadzirirwa kupa mitsipa yeropa yemuviri wose. Kuvepa uye kupararira kweropa kunowanikwa nekuchengetedza kunetseka mukati memwoyo mumakamuri (makamuri). Mitsara (kune mavari mana - maviri atria uye maviri ventricles) akaparadzana kubva kune mumwe nemakumbo anowanika - zvivharo, izvo, nekuwedzera, kutonga muzinga wekumanikidzwa uye kuisa mutungamiri unofanirwa kuwedzerwa ropa.
Iyo mitral valve yakaumbwa nehutachiona hunobatanidza ndeimwe yemakumbo mana emitambo, iyo inokonzera kuruboshwe kuruboshwe uye yakasiya zororo. Ivhavha iyi inofungidzirwa, uye mavhavha ayo anonamatira kumadziro echokupedzisira ye ventricle nemakumbo madonhwe emakumbo - tsvina dzinobva pamapurisa emapurisa. Zvose izvi zvinyorwa zvinoshandiswa pamwe chete, nemakumbo nemapurisa emapurisa ari "matsime" e "masuo" evhavha.
Nechinhu chinowanzoshanda chechigadzirwa chakadaro panguva yekuputika kwemuviri wemwoyo, anterior (aortic) uye posterior (ventricular) valves inoswedera pedyo. Kuvonga ichi, ropa kubva kuruboshwe rweruboshwe pasi pekunetseka kunopinda mu-aorta, kubva kupi, rakagadzirwa ne oxygen, rinotakurwa mumuviri wose. Panguva yekuzorodzwa kwemwoyo, apo ganda racho rinoputika uye rizere neropa, mitral valve inovhura, uye magetsi ayo anotungamirirwa mukati mechikamu chekumabvazuva.
Kupera kwepfungwa yemagetsi ndeyekushaya kushanda kwevashandi vemafuta, anozivikanwa nekuvhara kusina kusununguka kwemagetsi emitambo panguva yekudzivirira, izvo zvinokonzera kuti rimwe ropa rakarege kubva kubva muvhuvhu kusvika kune atrium. Kudzoka kwakadaro kweropa kusinganzwisisi kunonzi regurgitation . Apo valve yakavharwa munyaya iyi, imwe kana mabhii maviri acho anopera, i E. Vanopinda muimba yekunze yeatrium, iyo isingavabvumi kuti vambovhara.
Iko kunopera kwemaster valve chirwere chev valvular here?
Kudzidza pamusoro peizvi kuongororwa, varwere vakawanda vanofarira: kufema kunokanganisa mwoyo kana kwete? Kutaura zvazviri, urwere uhwu hunogona kunzi hwemhando, i.e. zvikanganiso mukugadzirwa kwechimiro chemuviri, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kushanda kwemwoyo. Muchiitiko ichi, kuparadzana kunofungidzirwa kunowanzosakosha zvikuru zvokuti hakunakidzi basa romwoyo chero. Nyanzvi nyanzvi dzinobvumirana kuti kusagadzikana kweprolapse ye mitral septum hakuiti chero mungozi, asi kukura kwezvinetso pamusana pacho zvinoita.
Kazhinji mitral valve prolapse inoberekwa, iyo inobatanidza nekuvhiringidzwa kwechimiro chekubatanidza michina yemagetsi, sechikonzero icho mavhavha acho akanyatsonyatsotarisa, uye zvitsva zvinowedzera. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nemasikirini ezvakaitika. Kunewo dzimwe nzira dzechipiri dzehutachiona hunokonzerwa nedzimwe zvirwere uye zvinokonzera zvinokonzera kuvhiringidzika kana kuputsa kwechigamba:
- rheumatism ;
- kushungurudza kwebhokisi;
- ischemic heart disease ;
- myocardial infarction, nezvimwe.
Prolapse - ingozi sei?
Kufema kwemoyo kunogona kutakura njodzi kana pane kudzoka kunokosha kweropa (kudzokerazve) ku-atrium, nokuti iyo yakaoma kana isingaperi inoita zvirwere zvepemonta inokonzerwa nehutano hwepfungwa, kune kukanganisa kwemwoyo, rhythm, kuyerera kweropa kusvika muuropi, nezvimwewo, zvinoparadzaniswa.Ikuda kukuru kwe mitral valve prolapse ndi:
- kusagadzikana kwemaster valve;
- infective endocarditis;
- kutsvaira kwejinga revhavha;
- arrhythmias, conduction disorders;
- stroke.
Mitral valve prolapse - dhigirii
Kuti uone kuoma kwemwoyo kusagadzikana, ndeye tsika yekuisa mararamiro emadhigirii akawanda, zvichienderana nekudzika kwekuvhara kwevhavha kusvika muimba yega yega yega uye yehutano hwekuyerera kweropa. Muchiitiko ichi, kupera kwemaster valve kunogona kufambidzana nekuputika mumugwagwa weputika wekare, shure, kana mavhavha maviri. Chiyero chinokwanisika chete kuburikidza nekushandisa-maonero ekuona nzira yekuongorora.
Mitral valve prolapse ye degree rekutanga
Muchiitiko ichi, kusvibiswa kwemashizha ndeye 3-6 mm. Kuwedzerwa kwe 1 degree chidimbu ndiko kutsauka nyore, uye nekunyorera kwakanyanya, kusakosha kukuru kwekushanda kwepfungwa yemwoyo hakuwanzoonekwi. Kirapirini inoratidzirwa kazhinji inenge isipo zvachose. Kana mitral valve inopera yegorosi 1 nekudzokazve kunoonekwa, kumwe kuwedzerwa kweropa kunogadziriswa, izvo zvisingakanganisa kupararira kweropa.
Mitral valve inotanga 2 degrees
Kukura kwekuonekwa kwechipiri chechipiri kunoratidzwa nekusvibiswa kwe "musuo" wevhavha, kusvika kusvika 9 mm. Nekutsauka kwakadaro, munhu anogona kutaura nezve chirwere chekufamba-famba chinopa chiratidzo chisina simba, asi chinosangana nehutano hwezvinetso. Kupera kwema mitral valve nekudzoka zvakare munyaya ino kunokonzera kushandura ropa ikozvino, kukwanisa kusvika kusvika hafu yeatrium.
Mitral valve inotanga 3 degrees
Kusiyana kwakakura ndiko kupera kwegorosi yechitatu, pamwe chete nekusiyana kwezviputi zvevharupu zvinoputika ne 9 mm kana kupfuura. Kuchinja kwakakomba muhutano hwemoyo, umo mazamu emvura anoputika, masvingo emhepo inoputika. Rutsigiro rwemashure reropa rwakanyanyisa zvokuti runotora kunze kwemashure emadziro emvura. Chirwere chemakliniki chinoratidzika pachena, zvinetso zvinopfuurira pasina kurapwa.
Valve inowedzera - zviratidzo
Sezvo nyanzvi dzinotsanangura, nemafungiro emagalati akadzikisa mitral, varwere vane maitiro akadai seakakwirira, kusvinura, maoko akareba nemakumbo, ganda rakapfava. Kakawanda kune kuwedzerwa kwekunyengedza kwezvibatanidza, kutadza kuonekwa. Nekunyorova kwechirema, muzviitiko zvakawanda, varwere havana mhere-mhere. Kana kudzokera kunosvika pamwero mukuru, kupera kwezvirwere kunogona kuita zvinotevera:
- general weak;
- chizoro;
- kurwadziwa mumusoro;
- kupfupika kwemhepo;
- sweating;
- kushungurudzika mumoyo;
- nausea;
- kudengenyeka;
- kuwedzera kwenhamba yemwoyo;
- palpitation;
- manzwiro ekushaikwa kwomweyaji;
- kuwedzera zvishoma mumuviri wekushisa.
Mwoyo unorwadzisa mitral valve prolapse here?
Mwoyo uri mumoyo ne mitral valve prolapse haisi mvumo, asi kazhinji akacherechedza chiratidzo, kunyanya pa 2 uye 3 degrees yekukuvara uye mumamiriro ezvinhu echipiri prolapse yemagetsi evhavha. Kakawanda marwadzo anoonekwa mushure mekunetseka mupfungwa, kushungurudzika, kutya, kuedza muviri, asi hazvibvi mumamiriro ekuzorora. Chimiro chekusagadzikana chakasiyana: kusungudza, kupopota, kupindira, nezvimwe. Kana kupera kwevhavha kunobatanidza nekunzwa kunorwadza kazhinji, izvi zvinoratidza chirwere chakakomba uye zvinogona kuoma.
Mitral valve prolapse - kuongororwa
Panguva yekuongororwa kwechiremba panguva yekubvisa (kuteerera mwoyo ne stethophonendoscope), nyanzvi inokwanisa kuona ruzha rwupi runokonzerwa nekuvhara nekuvhara kwevhavha. Izvi zvingava chikonzero chekugadzwa kwepfungwa dzakawanda zvakanyanya, uye mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro zvinokurudzirwa kutungamirira ultrasound (echocardiography). Nokushandisa ultrasound yemwoyo, mitral valve prolapse inowanikwa zvakavimbika, uye nzira iyi inonyatsofungisisa kuwedzerwa kwehutachiona. Mukuwedzera, nzira dzakadaro dzokutsvakurudza dzinogona kugoverwa:
- electrocardiogram;
- Chengetedza kuongorora kweEECG.
Mitral valve prolapse - kurapa
Nhamba huru yevanhu vanopera, kurapwa hakudi. Kana pasina kliniki zviratidzo, murwere haatambudzi, kuongorora hakuratidzi kukanganisa kwemwoyo, kungocherechedza nekuongorora kwenguva nenguva uye mararamiro ehupenyu anorayirwa. Mubvunzo wekugona kushanda mumuviri unokurukurwa munyaya imwe neimwe pachako.
Kupera kwemaster valve, inoratidzwa nechirwere chechirwere chakakomba uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokonzerwa nemwoyo, zvinotarisirwa kurapwa. Kushandisa mishonga kwenguva yakareba, kunogona kusanganisira mapoka emadokirwo anotevera:
- beta-blockers;
- mavitamini eboka B, PP;
- Kugadzirira magnesium;
- sedatives;
- runyararo.
Mukuwedzera kune chikamu chemasamistro, chirwere chakakomba chinowanzobatanidza dzimwe nzira: kufema maitiro, physiotherapy, physiotherapy, massage, psychotherapy. Varwere vanokurudzirwa kuti varatidze chirwere. Kana zviitiko zvakakomba zvisina kukodzera, chiyero chikuru chekudzokazve chinoshandiswa kune nzira dzinoshanda. Izvi zvinogona kuva basa rekudzorera pamutambo wevhiri (somuenzaniso, kusunungura mabheji, kupfupisa chidimbu), kana nzira yakakura - valve prosthetics.