VaGiriki vekare vainamatira vanamwari vakawanda, chitendero chavo sechiratidziro cheunhu: hutsika, husina kukodzera semhando pachayo nezvayo zvinhu. Dionysus - mumwe wevamwari vaidiwa veGehena anoratidza uchapupu hwokuti kufara muhupenyu hwavo hwaive nzvimbo yepamusoro uye inokosha.
Ndiani Dionysus?
Dionysus, mwari wekukunda, akapinda muhupenyu hwakaenzana hwevaGiriki ane unhu hwake hunofadza, hunyengeri uye hutsinye. Mudiki weOlympian ndeyeTracian. Anozivikanwa uye pasi pemamwe mazita:
- Bacchus;
- Bacchus;
- Senior Dionysus;
- Heat;
- Lieber;
- Dithyrambs;
- Orthos;
- Horay.
Dionysus aiva nemabasa anotevera nemasimba:
- chaiva nechinangwa chekusimudzirwa kwemiti mukati megore;
- vakatsigira varimi;
- akadzidzisa vanhu ruzivo rwekukura mazambiringa uye winemaking;
- akatumira upenzi kuna avo vaisada kumubatana naye;
- inonzi i "baba" yemutambo wenhepfenyuro yematambudziko.
Vabereki vamwari wewaini nemuzambiringa ndeZeus naShemel. Nhema yekuberekwa kwaDionysus yakafukidzirwa nemanzwiro. Mukadzi ane godo wemutinhira Hera, paakaziva kuti Semele akanga ane pamuviri, achitora kuonekwa kweanamukoti wake, akanyengetedza Zeus kuti aoneke muchitendero chaMwari. Semel pamusangano pamwe naMwari akabvunza kana akange agadzirira kuzadzisa chimwe chezvaanoda, uye akapikira kuti azadzise chero ipi zvayo. Achinzwa chikumbiro, Zeusi akatora imwe michero isina kuibva kubva mudumbu reaidikanwa yake ndokuisunungura pachidya chake, uye nguva iyo Zeus paakazobereka mwanakomana waDionysus.
Ichitendero chaDionysus muGirisi yekare chainzi Dionysius. Mhemberero dzekukohwa mazambiringa dzakadanwa neDionysia maduku, pamwe chete nemitambo yakajeka nekupfeka, kuimba, kunwa waini. Iyo Dionysia huru yakaitwa muna March - mukuremekedza mwari akaberekwa patsva. Shanduro dzepakutanga dzemutambo weBacchanalia dzakabatwa pasi pevhusiku rerima uye dzinomiririra mitambo yemafungiro emasenad mumutambo wenyika, tsika dzepabonde. Rufu rwaDionysus mwari nenzira yehando yakaridzwa uye mhuka yechibairo yakabvamburwa, ndokudya nyama inopisa.
Dionysus Chiratidzo
Mumabasa ekare eumhizha, Dionysus akarondedzerwa somurume wechidiki, musikana ane mbongoro ane zvikadzi. Chimwe chinonyanya kukosha mwari ndiye mushandi weDionysus kana vhudzi vehutambo hwefennel, rakashongedzwa nemapine ane pine - chiratidzo chepallic chekusika. Mamwe maitiro uye zviratidzo Bacchus:
- Muzambiringa. Rwonzi rwakapoteredza chiratidzo chekubereka uye chikwata chekukunda;
- Ivy - maererano nezvinotendwa pakusayiswa kwakasimba.
- Mukombe - uchiinwa, mweya wakakanganwa nezvekubva kwahwo, uye kuporesa kwaive kwakakodzera kunwa imwe - mukombe wekufunga, ipapo kuyeuka kwehuMwari uye chido chekudzokera kudenga kunodzoka.
Ma satellites eDionysus haasi okufananidzira:
- Melpomene ndiyo museki wekutambudzika;
- Maenads vateveri vakatendeka kana vapristakadzi vechitendero cheDionysus;
- tende, tiger uye lynx - mhuka dzemhuri yekati dzinomiririra kukwira kwake uye kukunda uye anoyeuchidza kuti chitendero chaibva kumabvazuva;
- nzombe chiratidzo chekubereka nekurima. Dionysus yaiwanzofananidzirwa nenzira yehando.
Dionysus - Mythology
Hellenes ainamata zvisikwa muzviratidzo zvose. Kubereka chikamu chinokosha chehupenyu hwevanhu vomaruwa. Kukohwa kwakapfuma nguva dzose chiratidzo chakanaka chokuti vanamwari vanotsigira uye vane tsitsi. Mwari wechiGiriki Dionysus muzvinyorwa anooneka achifara, asi panguva imwe chete achifamba uye achitumira kutukwa uye rufu kune avo vasingamuzivi. Nhema dzeBacchus dzakazadzwa nemanzwiro akasiyana-siyana: mufaro, kusuruvara, kutsamwa uye kushaya tsvina.
Dionysus naApollo
Kurwisana pakati peApollo naDionysus kunotsanangurwa nenzira yakasiyana nevefilosofi nevanyori vezvakaitika kare nenzira yavo pachavo. Apollo - mwari ane ruvara uye ane mvere wendarama wezuva akatsigira hutsika, tsika uye chitendero. Vakurudzirwa vanhu kuti vaone chiyero mune zvose. Uye vaGiriki vakaedza kutevera mitemo pamberi pechitendero chaDionysus. Asi Dionysus "yakaputika" mukati me mweya uye yakarongedza zvose zvisingatarisirwi, izvo zvisingadzigadziki mugomba rakadzika-dzika zviripo mumunhu wese uye kuyerwa kweGenesene kwakatanga kufambidzana mumhemberero, kudhakwa nekunyengedzera, kukudza Bhakku mukuru.
Maviri maviri akasiyana, Apollonian "yakajeka" uye "rima" Dionysic, yakaungana mu duel. Chikonzero chakamhanyira mumanzwiro, sevanyori vezvakaitika kare vanotsanangura kurwisana kwemachechi maviri. Chiedza, chiyero, kufara uye nesayenzi pamusoro pechitendero chenyika, icho chine rima rezvinhu zvisingazivikanwi nechishamiso chikuru chewaini, chibayiro chezvibayiro, mitambo ine chisimba uye mhirizhonga. Asi sezvo pasina chiedza kunze kwerima, saizvozvo pakurwisana uku chimwe chinhu chitsva uye chisina kujairika chakaberekwa - mhando itsva yemifananidzo yakaonekwa nhamo dzechiGiriki pamusoro pemuedzo uye mugomba risina chigadziko chemweya wemunhu.
Dionysus uye Persephone
Dionysus mwari weGreece yekare uye Persephone - mwarikadzi wekubereka, mudzimai weHadhesi pamwe pamwe naye iye mambo wegomba muzvinyorwa zvekare zvechiGiriki zvakabatana pakati pavo mumashoko akawanda:
- Imwe yenhema pamusoro pokuberekwa kwaDionysus inotaura nezvePephonephone seamai vamai vake. Zeus akapiswa nechishuwo chemwanasikana wake, achitendeuka kuva nyoka, anopinda muukama naye, kubva kuna Dionysus akaberekerwa. Mune imwe shanduro, Dionysus anowira muchepasi uye anopa miti yemarita kuPerphonephone, kuitira kuti amai vake vabudise Semele. Dionysus anopa mai vacho zita idzva reTion uye vanomuka naye kudenga.
- Persephone yaifamba parwendo rwechitsuwa chePerg muSicily uye yakabatwa neHadhesi (Hadhesi), mune dzimwe nzvimbo inonzi Zagreem (rimwe remazita aDionysus) munyika yevakafa. Amai Demeter vasina kufarira kwenguva yakareba vachitsvaka musikana muduku kumativi ose enyika, nyika yakava isina mimba uye yakachena. Paakazoona kuti mwanasikana wake aiva kupi, Demeter akakumbira Zeus kuti amudzose. Hadhesi inotendera mudzimai wake kuenda, asi asati apfuura akamupa mahwendefa manomwe emapomegraneti, ayo akabuda kubva muropa raDionysus. Munzvimbo yevakafa haagoni kudya chero chinhu, asi Persephone, pamufaro waanofanira kudzoka, anodya mbeu. Kubva panguva ino, Persephone inopedza chitubu, zhizha nekuvhuvhura kumusoro, uye mwedzi yechando mujeri.
Dionysus naAphrodite
Nhema yeDionysus uye mwarikadzi wekunaka Aphrodite inozivikanwa nokuda kwekuti kubva pakusangana kwavo kwenguva pfupi mwana wakaipa akaberekwa. Mwanakomana waDionysus uye Aphrodite yakanga isina kujairika uye yakashata zvokuti mwarikadzi akanaka akasiya mwana. Iyo huru phallus yaPapapus yaigara ichiri mumamiriro eErection. Achikura, Priap akaedza kunyengedza baba vake Dionysus. MuGirisi yekare, mwanakomana wemwari wekukunda uye Aphrodite airemekedzwa mune mamwe mapurisa semwari unobereka.
Dionysus uye Ariadne
Mudzimai neshamwari yaDionysus Ariadne yakatanga kusiyiwa neaaida ainzi Theseus pamusoro. Naxos. Ariadne akachema kwenguva refu, ndokubva avata hope. Nguva iyi yose, Dionysus, uyo akauya pachiwi, akamucherechedza. Eros akabudisa museve we rudo uye moyo waAriadne wakapiswa nerudo rutsva. Munguva yemuchato wechinyorwa, musoro waAriadne wakashongedzwa korona yaakapiwa naAphrodite pachake uye makomo echitsuwa chacho. Pakuguma kwemhemberero, Dionysus akasimudza korona yekudenga nenzira yemakwikwi. Zeus sechipo kumwanakomana wake akapa Ariadne kusafa, izvo zvakamusimudzira kusvika kumadzimaikadzikadzi.
Dionysus naAtemisi
Mune imwe nhema pamusoro pekuda kwaDionysus uye Ariadne, Mwari Dionysus anobvunza Artemis, mwarikadzi akachena uye wakachena nokusingaperi wekuvhima kuti auraye Ariadne, uyo aimuda, nokuti akaroora naIyius mumatanda matsvene, chete Ariadne aigona kuva mudzimai wake, kuburikidza nekutanga kwekufa. Artemis anotema museve weAriadne, uyo anobva amuka uye anova mudzimai wemwari wekunakidza uye kubereka kwaDionysus.
Cult of Dionysus uye chiKristu
Nekupinda kwechiKristu muGreece, chitendero chaDionysus hachina kupona kwenguva yakareba, mitambo yakatsaurirwa kuna Mwari yakaramba ichikudzwa nevanhu, uye chechi yechiGiriki yakamanikidzwa kurwisana nenzira dzayo, St. George akauya kuzotora Dionysus. Nzvimbo dzekare dzakatsaurirwa kuna Bacchus dzakaparadzwa, uye panzvimbo yavo dzakavakwa machechi echiKristu. Asi kunyange ikozvino, munguva yekukohwa mazambiringa, mumazororo iwe unogona kuona kurumbidzwa kwaBacchus.