Rudzi rumwe norumwe rune mhemberero yakakosha yakatangira nekugadzirira kwakagadzirirwa uye mhemberero huru yemitambo. VaJudha vanewo hove yavo, inonzi "Purim." Nhoroondo yezororo rePurim inotangira kumashure akapfuura, apo vaJudha vakapararira muumambo hwePezhiya, hwakatambanudzwa kubva kuEthiopia kuenda kuIndia .
Ndeipi yezororo rechiJudha rePurimu rakatsaurirwa?
Nhoroondo yePurimu inoratidzwa mubhuku raEsteri, izvo vaJudha vanodana mupumburu waMegillat Esther. Zvinyorwa zvinorondedzerwa mubhuku racho zvakaitika pasi pekutonga kwaMambo Ahashivheroshi, uyo akatonga Persia kubva muna 486 kusvika muna 465 BC. Mambo akasarudza kuita mutambo muguta guru reSuzan, panguva iyo aida kuratidza kunaka kwemudiwa wake anodiwa, Tsarina Vashti. Mukadzi wacho akaramba kuramba kune vakakokwa, izvo zvakagumbura Akashverosh.
Ipapo, pakushevedzera kwake, vasikana vakakurumbira vePersia vakaunzwa kuimba yamambo, uye kubva kune vakawanda vaifarira musikana wechiJudha ainzi Esther. Panguva iyoyo akanga ari nherera uye akakurira mumba memukoma wake Modhekai. Mambo akasarudza kuita Esteri mudzimai wake mutsva, asi musikana uyu haana kuudza murume wake nezvemidzi yake yechiJudha. Panguva iyo tsar yakanga iri kugadzirira kuedza uye Modhekai akakwanisa kunyevera Ahashveroshi kuburikidza nehanzvadzi yake, kupfuura iye chaizvoizvo akamuponesa.
Mushure mechinguva, mambo akaita vaJudha vose vaHamani mutungamiri wake kumuvengi. Pamberi pake, nekutya, munhu wese wekugara muumambo akakotamisa musoro wake, kunze kwaModhekai. Ipapo Hamani akasarudza kutsiva pamusoro pake uye navanhu vose vechiJudha, uye, achishandisa tsvina uye kunyengera, akawana kubva kuna mambo akarayira kuparadza vose vaPersia vane mizi yechiJudha. Nemujenya, izvi zvaifanira kuitika musi wegumi nemwedzi weAdhari. Ipapo Marhodei akaudza izvi kune hanzvadzi yake, uyo akakumbira mambo kuti avadzivirire vaJudha vose, sezvo iye pachake ari chikamu chevanhu ava. Mambo ane hasha akarayira Hamani kuti aurayiwe uye asayinwe mutemo mutsva maererano nenhamba gumi nemakumi mapfumbamwe anogara muumambo hwevaJudha anogona kuparadza vose vavengi vavo, asi havatotyi kuvabvuta kumba. Somugumisiro, vanhu vanopfuura 75 000, kusanganisira vanakomana gumi vaHamani, vakaparadzwa.
Mushure mokukunda, vaJudha vakapemberera ruponeso rwavo rwemashiripiti, uye Marhodaya akazova mutungamiri mukuru kuna mambo. Kubva panguva iyoyo, Purimu yechiJuda yava mhemberero inofananidzira ruponeso rwevaJudha vose kubva murufu uye kunyadziswa.
Tsika dzepurimu yezororo
Nhasi, Purimu izuva rinokosha revanhu vese vechiJudha, uye mhemberero mukukudzwa kwayo inoitika mumamiriro ezvinhu anofadza uye nyore. Mazuva ehurumende emhemberero aya 14 uye 15 Adar. Mazuva acho haasi kumira uye kuchinja gore negore. Saka, muna 2013 Purim yakapembererwa musi waFebruary 23-24, uye muna 2014 musi waMarch 15-16.
Pazuva iro Purimu inopemberera inoita tsika yekuita zviito zvinotevera:
- Kuverenga mipumburu . Panguva yemunamato musinagoge, vaverengi vanodzokorora mipumburu kubva mubhuku raEsteri. Panguva ino, avo varipo vanotanga kutema, vachiridza ruzha kuti vaite ruzha nemhando dzakakosha. Nokudaro, vanotaura kushora kwekuyeuka mitemo yakaipa. Rababhi, zvisinei, kazhinji, vanopesana nezvetsika dzakadai musinagogi.
- Kudya kwakakosha . Iro tsika yekunwa waini yakawanda nhasi. Maererano nebhuku guru rechiJudha, unoda kunwa kusvikira iwe urega kusiyanisa,
kana iwe ukataura maropafadzo kuna Modhekai kana kutuka Hamani. Panguva yezororo, mabhisikiti akabikwawo nenzira ye "katatu" nekuzadza jam kana poppy. - Zvipo . Pazuva rePurimu kune tsika yekupa chingwa chinonaka kune hama uye kupa zvipo kuvarombo.
- Carnival . Panguva yekudya, zviduku zvishoma zvinoenderana nenyaya dzebhuku raEsteri zvinowedzerwa. Purimu ndiyo tsika yekupfekedza zvipfeko zvakasiyana, uye varume vanogona kupfeka zvipfeko zvevakadzi uye pamwe chete. Muchiitiko chinowanzoitika, zviito zvakadaro zvinorambidzwa muchirevo chemurairo wechiJudha.