Pamusana pemafambiro avo ehupenyu, vana vanowanzova nekuputika kwepakati chenzeve, asi vanhu vakuru havafariri chirwere ichi. Chimbofunga kuti nei otitis media inowedzera mukati mezeve, zviratidzo uye kurapwa kwehutachiona, zvichienderana nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana.
Ndezvipi zvinokonzera otitis media?
Iyo nzeve yepakati ndeimwe yezvikamu zvegadziriro yekuongorora, basa guru iro rine hutano hwakanaka nekuda kwekushandurwa kwemhepo inodhonza. Iyo kamuri duku iri pakati pekunze kwenzeve yekunzwa uye nzeve yomukati, umo mairi: doro rine tsvina nemapfupa akachena, eustachian tube (audition) uye mubako.
Otitis yepakati nzeve ndeye chironda chinoputika chinonyanya kuitika muzvirwere zvinotapukira zvepamusoro chekufema zvinodzivisa kuputika kwemafuro emumvura uye kuperevedza kwebhuku rekuongorora: rhinitis , rhinitis, sinusitis , tonsillitis, nezvimwe. Mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, utachiona hunopinda muhutu reEustachian rinosangana ne nasopharynx pamwe chete nenzvimbo pakati pezeve. Muchiitiko ichi, zvirwere zvinorwara zvinowanzoita sezvirwere, zvisingawanzokanganiswa mabhakitiriya uye zvirwere zvevirarasi, mavairasi, fungi.
Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, maharasiki emapinegen anopinda munzvimbo iri kuongororwa neropa rekuyerera (somuenzaniso, nefuruwenza, scarlet fever). Dzimwe nguva kukura kwechirwere kunobatanidza nekukura kwemapuropiti pamusana mucosa, kuputika kwemazamu, kupera, kutambira kwenguva refu kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, mishonga yepamusoro, kusuruvara kukuru, kusina kunaka kunoputika. Mukuwedzera, chinokonzera chinogona kushanda sekunze kwezvinhu zvinoshungurudza, apo chidimbu che tympanic chinoputika (chinowanzoitika apo nzeve dzinobatwa nekotoni buds).
Acute otitis media
Kana nguva yezvipembenene zvinoputika zvisingapfuuri mavhiki matatu uye zvinopera nekugadzirisa, inenge yakaoma otitis media yepakati nenzeve. Ichi chimiro chechirwere chinomuka sechirwere chechirwere, kupfuurira muitiro we purulent. Chimwe chezvikonzero zvakasarudzwa chinogona kumutsamwisa, asi kakawanda, "makuhwa" ndiwo streptococci , pneumococci, hemophilia, morocelles.
Chronic otitis media
Kana kuvhara kwakanyanya munharaunda iyi yekuongorora kwakave kwakaoma zvikuru, kakawanda kana kusagamuchirwa kurapa kwakakwana, mikana yakakwirira yokuti chisingararamiki chetachivhisi chichawedzera. Icho chinononoka, kazhinji chinotonhora-kupisa simba nekuvapo kwechirema mu tympanic septum, iyo inotora mwedzi nemakore, uye inowedzera nguva. Irousative microflora inowanzo: staphylococcus, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, peptococci.
Otitis media yepakati ear-zviratidzo
Zvichienderana nechimiro uye shato ye otitis media, zviratidzo uye kurapwa zvakasiyana. Kuoma kwechimiro chemakiriniki kunokonzerwa nekuona kwekuvhiringidza kwemukati mukati memutsara, kunyange kakawanda nzira dzose dzinobatanidzwa mukugadzirisa chirwere. Chimbofunga kuti otitis zviratidzo zvakasiyana sei nekuda kwemaitiro ayo.
Catarrhal otitis media
Apo acute catarrhal otitis media inokura, iyo ndiyo danho rekutanga rechirwere, pane kuputsa kwemaitiro ekudzivirira mukati memutsetse wepakati nekuda kwekuvharwa kwehutu hweEustachian. Izvi zvinopesana nemigodhi kana kupedzisa zvakakwana kwemafunguro emhepo mukati memapapiro emakumbo, sechikonzero icho septum inodzokorora uye inoshandura ruvara. Izvo zvinomanikidzwa mumatanda e tympanic zvinoratidzika sezvisina kunaka, uye pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akadaro kuwedzerwa kwezvokuvhiringidza mvura kunowanikwa mairi. Hakuchina zvirwere zvinotapukira panguva iyi.
Catarrhal otitis media ine zviratidzo zvinotevera:
- kuora kunorwa mukati mezeve;
- kunyatsonzwisisa maonero;
- kunzwa kunetseka, raspiraniya munzeve;
- inogutsa chiitiko chose.
Exudative otitis media
Kuputika kwepfungwa mumamiriro ezvinhu ekuramba asipo kwekuchinjana kwemhepo uye kupfurikidza kwehutambo hwekuongorora kunogona kuendeswa nekuunganidza kwe serous exudate, iyo inosunungurwa kuburikidza nemasvingo emidziyo yeropa. Acute pakati serous otitis kazhinji inopinda muchigarire chisingagumi nechirwere chechimiro chechimiro, asi nekubudirira kwemiti inopfuurira inopinda muchikwata che purulent. Ivhareji serous otitis inogona kuzviratidza nezviratidzo zvakadaro:
- kunzwa kusuruvara mumusoro;
- chizoro;
- kurwadziwa kunorwadza munzeve;
- kunzwa kutadza (kunogona kuwedzera, asi dzimwe nguva kuenda pamwe nenguva yekuvandudza);
- ruzha, manzwiro ekuputika kwemvura mumutsetse wenzeve paanotenderera musoro;
- kutaridzika kwekujeka kana kusanyatsonzwisisika kwemvura kunobva munzeve yekunzwa apo yardrum inoputsika.
Purulent otitis media
Kupindira mukatikati-kati cavity yehutachiona hunosanganisira acute purulent otitis media, inozivikanwa nechiratidzo chinopenya zvikuru. Izvi zvinoshandiswa kupararira, uye kana kurapwa neutitis media kusati kwatangwa panguva, audory ossicles, labyrinth, periosteum, nezvimwe zvinogona kuchinjwa.
Iwe unogona kuona purulent otitis media yepakati nenzeve nezviratidzo zvinotevera:
- kunorwadza kwakapinza munzeve yehupenyu hwekutsvaira, kusimbiswa nekubata, kufamba;
- kupararira kwemarwadzo munzvimbo yetemberi, musana, orbit;
- kuwedzera kwekushisa kwemuviri;
- kuwandisa kwechiitiko ichi;
- kuwedzera parotid lymph nodes;
- kurasikirwa kukuru kwekunzwa;
- ruzha munzeve.
Nechimiro chechirwere ichi, kuzvimiririra kwakasununguka kwemuviri wechipinha kunogona kuitika nekubuda kwe purulent mukati. Panguva imwecheteyo, hutano hwehutano hunovandudza zvimwe, kurwadziwa kunorwadza, uye kutonhora kunopera. Kupindirana kwechiremera chet tympanic septum kunoitika gare gare (mumavhiki mashomanana), asi kana chirwere chacho chinopfuurira kusvika pachigarire chisingaperi izvi zvingaitika.
Nzira yekurapa otitis media?
Kana iwe uchifungidzira otitis media, iwe unofanira kutanga utachiona pakarepo, iyo yaunofanira kutaurirana nayo otolaryngologist. Chero bedzi ne rubatsiro rwezvechiremba unogona kugadzirisa maitiro echirwere, tsanangura zvinokonzera zvinhu, izvo zvinokosha zvikuru pakusarudza maitiro ekurapa. Kana kuongororwa, rudzi rwe tympanic membrane runotaridzirwa, kufambisa kwayo kunoongororwa. Kana chirongwa ichi chisingaperi, chiyero chekuita kwekunzwa, kwema-intra-arterial pressure inogona kurongerwa.
Catarrhal, purulent uye exudative acute otitis media yakafanana. Chokutanga pane zvose, shandisa mishonga yemishonga inotarisirwa kubvisa zvinhu zvinokonzera kuvhiringidzwa kwehutano hwekuongorora. Kuti kuderedze mucosal edema uye kusungirirwa kweputi, shandisa:
- sosudosuzhivayuschie madonhe mumhino - Naphthyzine, Nazole, Galazolin, etc ;;
- corticosteroids yenharaunda yepo - Dencamethasone, Nazonex, Aldecin, etc ;;
- mishonga yemunyu yekugeza mhino - Aqua Maris, Marimer, No-salt, nezvimwewo.
Munzeve yekunzwa inoshandiswa mishonga inopa analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effect, somuenzaniso:
- mhinduro ye boric acid;
- Otinum;
- Otypax ;
- Sofradex;
- Garazon;
- Otisol uye yakafanana
Kuti abvise zvinyorwa kubva pakati pekunze uye kudzorera kushandiswa kwehutambo hwekuongorora, catheters chaiyo, pneumomassage membranes, maitiro ekuputira (maererano nePolitiki, nekumanikidzirwa kumanikidzwa) anoshandiswa. Kana iyo otitis media yepakati nenzeve, zviratidzo uye kurapwa kunoenderana nepamusoro apa, hazviendi, zvinoshandisa nzira dzekuvhiya (chikamu chechikamu che tympanic pamwe nekuiswa kwemvura).
Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yepakati otitis media
Kuzivikanwa pakati pehutitis neye purulent zviri mukati me tympanum pasina antibiotics hazvirevi. Inowanzorongedzerwa zvirongwa zvinoshandiswa mumishonga yepiritsi, inokwanisa kupinda zvakanaka mukati memukamuri yepakati uye ine mabasa akawanda akasiyana-siyana:
- Amoxicillin;
- Augmentin;
- Aksetil;
- Spiramycin;
- Biseptol ;
- Clarithromycin nevamwe.
Kudzidza mabhakiteriya kwezviri mukati mezeve nzeve nekuonekwa kwekunzwa kwezvirwere kune izvi kana zvimwe zvinodhaka hazviiti nguva dzose, nokuti zvigumisiro zvinozivikanwa sevhiki imwe gare gare. Kugadzwa kwemishonga yekutanga-mishonga kunoitwa pakarepo, pasina kufunga nezvekuguma. Zvisinei, mune ramangwana, kana chirongwa chakatemwa chinenge chisina kubudirira, kururamiswa kwemishonga kunoitwa maererano nekuongorora tsanangudzo yakawanikwa.
UHF-therapy ye otitis
Zvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana zvepirotheotherapy zvinogona kuiswa mumatambudziko emabasa ekurapa, pakati pavo UHF. Kazhinji, nzira iyi inobata chisingagumi purulent otitis media mumutambo wokuregererwa. Kuonga kumitemo, ropa riri munharaunda yekunzwa riri nani, kuvhunika kunopera, nzira dzekudzivirira dzehupenyu dzinosimbiswa.
Kurapa kwe otitis media vanhu kumba
Apo pane pane otitis media yepakati nzeve, kurapwa kunofanira kuitwa kunze kwekutarirwa kwechiremba. Hazvibvumirwi kuzviitira-mishonga uchishandisa vanhu nzira, nhengo iri pedo neuropi, uye zvinetso zvinokonzerwa nehutachiwana husina kukodzera zvinogona kunge zvakakomba zvikuru. Chinhu chimwe chete chinogona kuitwa kuti usunungure chirwere chisati chatumidza chiremba ndechokushisa kupisa kwakanyanya kune nzeve (shangu yebvudzi, machira emakoloni, nezvimwewo), asi pasina mamiriro ezvinhu inofanira kupisa nemhepo inotonhora. Mune nzira yekurapa inorayirwa nachiremba, inobvumirwa kushandisa mishonga yevanhu kunatsiridza hutachiona.