Iko pfungwa yekufungidzira egoism haina kukodzera zvakakwana mupfungwa yehutsika hwevanhu. Kwemazuva mazhinji zvakatendwa kuti munhu anofanira kuisa zvinodiwa zvevanhu panzvimbo yevanhu pachavo. Vaya vasina kukodzera mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, vakazviti vane udyire uye vakatengesa kutsoropodza. Psychology inotaura kuti chikamu chakaenzana chedyire chinofanira kuva chiripo kune wese wese.
Chii chinonzwisisika udyire?
Pfungwa yekusarura kwemaonero ezvakanaka yakave chinhu chinongororwa kwete chete nevanodzidza nezvepfungwa, asi zvakanyanya kudaro nevafilosofi, uye muzana remakore rechi17, muEnguva yeChiedza, nyanzvi yekufungidzira egoism yakazobuda nezana remakore rechi19. Muchiri, kunzwisisa kune egoism inzvimbo yehutsika uye hwehuzivi iyo inokurudzira kuda kwezvaunoda kune vamwe, izvo, izvo zvakatongerwa kwenguva refu. Idzidziso iyi inopindirana nehuwandu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu, uye inofanira kunzwisiswa.
Ndeipi pfungwa yekufungidzira egoism?
Mhedzisiro yedzidziso yacho inowanikwa panguva yekuzvarwa kwehukama hwehukuru muEurope. Panguva ino, pfungwa yacho inoumbwa kuti munhu wese ane kodzero yekusununguka kusingagumi. Mumasangano emabhizimisi, anova muridzi wevashandi vake uye anovaka hukama nesangano raanotungamirirwa nemaonero ake nemaonero ake, kusanganisira mari. Nheyo yekufungidzira egoism, yakasikwa nevhenekeri, inotaura kuti nzvimbo yakadaro inopindirana nemhando yeiye munhu uyo chinhu chinokosha rudo rwekuti iwe pachako uye kunetseka kwekuzvidzivirira.
Maitiro ezvakanaka egoism
Mukugadzira dzidziso, vanyori varo vaitarisira kuti pfungwa yakagadzirwa navo yakaenderana nemafungiro avo uye mafirosofi pamusoro penharo. Izvi ndizvo zvainyanya kukosha nokuti kusanganiswa kwe "kuchenjera egoist" kwakanga kusingakodzeri zvakakodzera chikamu chechipiri chekugadzirisa, nokuti nekutsanangurwa kwomunhu anozvidzivirira aireva munhu anofunga oga wega uye asina hanya nezvinodiwa zvezvakatipoteredza uye sangano.
Mukufunga kwe "madzibaba" echirevo ichi, kuwedzera uku kunofadza kune shoko, nguva dzose kupfeka chirevo chisina kunaka, kunofanira kusimbisa zvinodiwa, kana zvisati zviri izvo zvinokosha zvehutano hwevanhu, saka, zvishoma, zvekuenzanisa kwavo. Gare gare iyi kuumbwa, yakashandurwa ku "kunzwisisa kwezuva nezuva", yakatanga kuratidza munhu anoenderana nezvinodiwa nevanhu vose, pasina kupinda mukunetsana navo.
Icho chirevo chekufungidzira egoism mune zvebhizimisi kukurukurirana
Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti kutaurirana kwebhizimisi kunovakwa pamitemo yayo, inotarisirwa nehutano hwemunhu kana hwekambani. Inopa sarudzo inobatsira yemibvunzo inokubvumira kuwana mari yakawanda uye nekugadzirisa hukama hurefu kwenguva refu nevanonyanya kubatsirana nevhizimusi. Kukurukurirana kwakadaro kune mitemo yepamutemo uye mitemo, iyo yebhizimisi yakagadzira uye yakaronga zvinhu zvishanu zvikuru:
- positivity;
- kunzwisisa egoism;
- predictability yezviito;
- chimiro chakasiyana;
- kukosha.
Maererano nemubvunzo uri pasi pekufungisisa, mutemo wekufunga kwakanaka unokwezva kutarisa. Icho chinoreva kuremekedza mafungiro kune waunofambidzana nemafungiro ake, pavanenge vachiratidza zvakajeka uye vachidzivirira ivo pachavo (kana vashandi) zvinodiwa. Izvochetezvo zvinogona kushanda munzvimbo yebasa reumwe mushandi: ita chinhu chako usina kupindira nevamwe kuti uite rako pachako.
Mienzaniso yekuzvifunga kwakanaka
Muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, maitiro e "anonzwisisika egoist" haagamuchiri kugamuchirwa nguva dzose, uye kazhinji inonzi ichitsvaga egoist. Munharaunda yedu, kuramba chikumbiro kunonzi kusina kunaka, uye kubva pauduku, mhosva yeiye akazvibvumira iye "rusununguko" rwakadaro inoumbwa. Zvisinei, kukanganisa kwakakodzera kunogona kuva muenzaniso wakanaka wekuita kwakanaka, izvo zvisingasviki kudzidza. Heano mimwe mimwe mienzaniso yezvakanaka zvehupenyu kubva muupenyu.
- Zvakakosha kushanda zvakawedzerwa . Mukuru anosimbisa kuti iwe wakaramba uri mubasa nhasi kuti upedze basa risina kuitwa newe, uye hapana kubhadhara kwairi. Iwe unogona kubvumirana, kubvisa zvirongwa uye kuparadza ukama nehama, asi kana iwe ukashandisa mutemo wekunzwisisa egoism, uine kukunda kunzwa kwekutya uye kusagadzikana, tsanangura zvakajeka kumubatsiri kuti hapana nzira yekutamisa (kurisa) zvirongwa zvako. Muzviitiko zvizhinji, tsanangudzo dzako dzichanzwisiswa uye dzinogamuchirwa.
- Mudzimai anoda mari kune imwe shati itsva. Mune mimwe mhuri, yava tsika yokuti mumwe wako anoda mari kuti atenge mutsva mutsva, kunyange chivharo chiri kuputika nenguvo. Zvinopesana hazvibvumirwi zvakajeka. Anotanga kupa mhosva murume wake nokuda kwekusava nehanya, kusava nerudo, kuputika mumisodzi, chaizvoizvo, kuvhiringidza murume wake. Iwe unogona kupa, asi rudo urwu, kuonga pane chikamu chake, kuwedzerwa here?
- Shamwari yekare yakakumbirazve mari . Anovimbisa kudzoka muvhiki, kunyange zvazvo ichizivikanwa kuti haazovapa kwete mberi kwemwedzi mitanhatu. Kuramba hakusi nyore, asi nenzira iyi iwe unogona kubvisa mwana wako rwendo rwakavimbiswa kunzvimbo yevana. Chii chinonyanya kukosha? Usanyara kana "kudzidzisa" shamwari - hazvina maturo, asi tsanangura kuti iwe haugoni kusiya mwana wacho usina kuzorora, kunyanya sezvo akamirira rwendo urwu kwenguva yakareba.
Zviri nani kutsanangurira kumudzimai kuti mari inoshandiswa pamusana pokutenga injini itsva yemotokari iyo mudzimai wako inomutora kuzoshanda zuva rega rega uye kubva pakutenga izvi hazvirevi chete basa rakanaka remotokari, asiwo hutano uye hupenyu hwevatakuri. Munyaya iyi, misodzi, kuchema nekutyisidzira kuenda kuna amai vangu kuzoteerera hazvidiwi. Zvinonzwisisika udyire hunofanira kukunda mumamiriro ezvinhu aya.
Mienzaniso iri pamusoro apa inoratidza nzvimbo mbiri dzehukama hunoda kururamiswa zvakakwana. Ukama huri pakati pevanhu huchiripo huri pamusoro pehupamhi hwekutsvaga kana kukumbira uye kusagadzikana mamiriro eanobvunzwa. Kunyange zvazvo dzidziso iyi yave iripo kwemakore anopfuura mazana maviri, kunzwisisa kwakanaka kwehupenyu kunenge kuchiri nyore kuisa midzi munzanga, ndicho chikonzero mamiriro ezvinhu akadai ndeaya:
- uyo anoda chimwe chinhu, anomanikidzira, anokumbira, matema, kuchema, kupomera kwemakaro;
- uyo waanotaura naye, anoruramisirwa, anotsanangura, anonzwa mazwi asingafadzi mumakero ake, anotora mhosva.
Zvinonzwisisika uye zvisingafungi udyire
Mushure mokunge pfungwa yekufungidzira egoism yakabudiswa, pfungwa ye "udyire" yakatanga kuonekwa mumashanduro maviri: zvine musoro uye isina musoro. Yokutanga yakakurukurwa zvakadzama mune dzidziso yeChiedza, uye iyo yekupedzisira inonyatsozivikanwa kubva pane zvakaitika muupenyu. Mumwe nomumwe wavo anogaramo munharaunda yevanhu, kunyange kuumbwa kwezvakanaka egoism kunogona kuita zvakanyanya kwete kwete kwevanhu vose sevanhu vose, asi kune munhu mumwe nomumwe kunyanya. Kusaruramisira kusina udyire kunonzwisisika uye kunogamuchirwa muupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Munyaya iyi, inowanzokurudzirwa uye yakasimwa zvakasimba, kunyanya nevabereki vane rudo, vanambuya uye vanasekuru.