Kuzadza kweiyo ndiyo nguva yekuzvarwa kwehupenyu hutsva, musangano wemasero maviri ayo munhu achakura. Iyi nzira - yakaoma uye inoshamisa, inofungidzirwa nemasikirwo-inofadza zvikuru vose masayendisiti uye vabereki vari mberi.
Apo mazai anogadzirwa
Kuzadza kweii inoitika, sekutonga, mumatoripian tubes, anotungamira kubva pachibereko kusvika kumavhapiti. Icho chinobva mumapapiro omukati mazai emukadzi anosiya uye anosangana ne spermatozoon. Mushure mokunge zygote inoburukira mukati mechiberekero uye inotarisa nzvimbo yekubatanidza, iyo ichakurira kwemwedzi mipfumbamwe inotevera.
Nhanho dze oocyte fertilization
Kuzadza kweii kunogona kuitika, paavhareji, kamwe chete pamwedzi. Asi iwe unoziva sei kana zhi rakagadzirira kubereka? Kana kukwirira kwacho kuchigadzikana, mwedzi mumwe nomumwe unosvika panguva uye inopedza anenge nhamba yemazuva akafanana, saka hazvisi zvakaoma kuverenga kuwedzerwa kweii masikati. Sezvo mutemo, sero yakagadzirira kuberekwa kwehupenyu hutsva mazuva 14 asati apera. Iyi ndiyo yakawanda chikamu chechipiri chekuenda kumwedzi chinoguma. Chikamu chekutanga chinopesana zvichienderana nehutano hweHonmon system, uye inogona kupera kubva pamakore manomwe kusvika ku16 kana kupfuura.
Zvisinei, mune vamwe vakadzi kutenderera hakusi kugadzikana, uye naizvozvo nguva yekugadzira oocyte inogona kuitika chero nguva. Iko kukwanisa kworuzhinji kubereka kunochengeterwa kwemaawa 12 kusvika ku48. Spermatozoa inogona kurarama muhutano hwemabere kusvika kune mazuva mashanu kusvika ku7, nekuda kweizvi mikana yekuwana pamuviri mune imwe neimwe yakakwirira yakakwirira kunyange nechisingaoneki zvepabonde.
Izvo zvakaoma kutaura zvakananga kuti nguva yakadini yekugadzirwa kwechirungu ichienderera mberi. Muyero wekufamba kwepermatozoa pamwe nematurakiti emagetsi ndewemasentimita maviri paawa, asi zamai ingasati yakagadzirira nenguva iyo inosvika panzvimbo yayo. Nokudaro, nguva yekudyarwa kweiyo yakanyatsogadziriswa munguva - kubva pabonde kusvika kune dzimwe nguva inogona kutora kubva mumaawa matatu kusvika kune mazuva akawanda. Nguva yose ino muviri unenge wakamirira chiratidzo chekuita. Kana izvi zvisingaitiki, kutenderera kunopera, kuenda kumwedzi kuchauya uye nzira ichadzorerwa zvakare.
Zviitiko zvisingazivikanwi
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuenderera mberi kwemukadzi hakubvudzi dhi rimwe chete, asi maviri. Muchiitiko ichi, kufungidzirwa kwamazai maviri kunobvira, uye chibereko chekuzvitakura chichava kuberekwa kwamababa, akadai mapatya anonzi raznoyaytsevymi. Vanogona kuva nemhando dzakasiyana dzepabonde uye havasi ivo vakafanana kune mumwe nemumwe sevanotarisana. Pashoma kakawanda mashizha anosunungura 3-4 uye kunyange mazai akakura.
Mukuwedzera, pane kushandiswa kwekuita kweii (IVF). Muchiitiko ichi, kufungirwa kweii nehuta inowanikwa mumutambo wekuedza, uye mushure mokunge zygote inopindirwa mumuviri wei amai kana mukadzi anoda kubereka mwana kune vamwe vaviri. Sezvo mutemo, IVF nzira inoshandisa mazai akawanda akaberekwa panguva imwechete kuwedzera mikana yekubudirira kwehugumisiro. Kuti uwane, kuburikidza nehuwandu hwekudyidzana kweii hunoitika munyaya iyi zvinogoneka kusvika mukati memaminetsi nemaawa.
Chii chinoitika mushure mekudyarwa kweii
Mushure mekunyudzwa kweii inotanga nguva yakareba yekugadzirwa kwayo. Masero anotanga kugovana, maviri anoberekwa kubva kuine, saka kune masere uye nezvimwe. Mumavhiki mashomanana, kamwana kadiki kakatanga kutora neaorta, nhengo huru dzichaiswa, maoko nemakumbo zvichaumbwa. Kubvira panguva iyo yekuzadza mu zygote ikozvino
Zvisinei, pamwe chete ne ovum, mhuka yose yemadzimai inoenda nenzira huru yekufambiswa. Maitiro ehomoni, kushandiswa kwemakemikari, chibereko chinenge chiri kugadzirirwa kuiswa kweii, izvo zvichaitika mumasvondo maviri uye zvicharamba zvichizosvikira mazuva maviri. Nokukurumidza amai vane ramangwana vachanzwa kuchinja uku pachavo - mamiriro ezvehutano, mafungiro, kuda kudya kuchachinja, uye pamuviri unogona kuvimbiswa nekuedzwa kwechiremba. Mumavhiki manomwe kusvika masere mushure mekuberekwa mwana anogona kuonekwa pa ultrasound, ichava mufananidzo wake wokutanga.