Guta rakanaka uye rakakwana reSwitzerland ndiro guta reBern . Iyi ndeimwe yemisha yakachengetedzwa yakare negore rakapfuma uye yakakura yekugadzira nhaka. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinofadza zveguta reBern ndiwo matsime ayo.
Guta rematsime zana
Kwemazana anopfuura makumi mashanu emakore pakati peEurope nevashanyi vasingazivikanwi, Berne anozivikanwa se "guta rematsime zana", kunyange zvazvo muchokwadi, kune kakatova kupfuura 100 vavo nhasi. Nhoroondo yevakawanda vavo inotitorera kusvika kure nezana remakore rechi13, apo vakuru vakuru veguta vakanyura matsime ekuwana mvura yakachena yekunwa nokuda kwezvinoda vagari. Nenzira, kunyange ikozvino mumvura yakawanda mvura yakakodzera kunwa, ndizvo zvinogara vagari vemunzvimbo dzakapoteredza nevakashanyira vanoziva.
Hasi matsime ose ekare nematsime zvakapona kwemakore akawanda kudaro. Mushure mezvose, ivo vaimbogadzirwa uye vakaitwa mumatanda, uye izvi hazvizi izvo zvisingagumi nguva. Kare gare gare mvura yakawanda yakawana upenyu hwechipiri - kungova mumabwe kana mukunyorwa kwakaoma.
Matsime eBernese - chii?
Iwe uchave wakashamiswa zvikuru, asi mharidzo yechesi yekare yaive mumudziyo webhesheni ine hova dzakanaka dzemvura iriscent muBern haishande. Mushure mezvose, pakutanga, tinoyeuka, chero tsime rimwe tsime remvura yekunwa.
Zvimwe zvekare zvaiva matsime ekare zvakashongedzwa zvine mavara nemifananidzo uye stucco sezvakaberekwa na master Hans Ging. Chekutanga tsime rakadaro rakaonekwa muBerne muna 1520. Paiva nezvitubu gumi nemana zvakafanana mu Old Bern . Zvinonakidza zvikuru kuti kugadzirwa kweumwe nomumwe wavo kune mumwe nomumwe uye zvakananga, zvakatsaurirwa kune imwe nyanzvi dzenhema, dzechokwadi kana dzechitendero.
Pasi pose, matsime aya achiri - chimiro chekugadzira: chimiro chikuru chakajeka chakamira pamusorosoro wakakwirira, iyo iyo inofadza yakashongedzwa nemashizha uye stucco. Maererano nedzimwe nheyo, chikamu chemari inopiwa gore roga roga kugadzirisa nekuchengetedza kwematsime - mari yega, yakabuda nechishuwo muzana remakore XIX, guta rekuchengetedza matsime. Saka ndezvipi zvinhu zvinoshamisa?
- Pakatona reKamgasgassa Street, kwete kure nechiteshi chetambo reTitglogge , kubva muna 1535 kune tsime rakanaka reTseringer rakatsaurirwa kune muvambi weguta reBern. Ichokwadi, anotaridzika sebheya muzvombo zvine jasi remaoko uye mureza, asi chiratidzo chaiyo cheguta.
- MuBern pane tsime "Ruramisiro" , rinoratidzira kururamisira kwakanaka - Themis nemunondo uye zviyero. Inowanikwa paRömerberg Square uye iyo inofananidzwa nehukuru hwemhepo huru pamusoro pekufananidzira kwemhando dzose dzesimba: mambo, sultan, mutongi uye Papa.
- Pamberi pekuvakwa kweDhorobha Guta kubva muna 1542 tsime "Mutevedzeri-mutevedzeri" anotsvaga. Mufananidzo wemurwi wakavezwa kubva pamabwe, unofukidzwa mune zvombo zvehondo, uye nemaoko anobata mureza nemufananidzo weguta rejasi remaoko. Zvechokwadi, paisagona kunge isina kunze kwezvifananidzo zvebheya, izvo zvinochengetedza murwi nomugumbo.
- Rimwe rematsime anotyisa muBern - "Devourer of children . " Pamusoro pediki duku Kornhausplatz inoshongedza igre guru, iro rine bhegi rakazara nevana vaduku, rimwe raakatotanga kudya. Uyu ndiwo mararamiro evanhu venhema kuti vanyevere vana vasingateereri.
- Tsime "Piper" , zvichida, ndeimwe yezvakanakisa, isingaremerwi nemhando ipi zvayo inokosha, asi yakanaka kwazvo. Chimiro chepiper mune sutu yepuruu yakasvibirira neimwe yezvisungo zvisina kujairika uye zvisinganzwisisiki zvemimhanzi.
- Chitubu che "Strelok" chinotarisa zvishoma nezvishoma nechekupedzisira kwe "hama". Chii chinonakidza, murume, kunyange akapfekedzwa muzvombo zvemazuva ake, asi mumaoko ake chete munondo uye mubhanhire, uye pfuti inobatwa nebere duku iri kugara patsoka dzake.
- Mukuwedzera, tsime "Anna Seiler" ndeyekufamba kwematsime ezana remakore re XV-XVI. Maererano nepfungwa yemunyori, chifananidzo chinofanira kuratidza kuenzanisa. Tsime rinomiririrwa nechikadzi muzvipfeko zviri nyore zvinodururira mvura kubva mujagi kusvika mundiro. Tsime iri rakatsaurirwa kumuvambi wechipatara.
- Imwe yevanhu vanotaurwa muBhaibheri Samusoni , achibvarura masaya eeshumba, zvakare akava tsime muBern. Chinofadza ndechekuti pakutanga tsime rainzi "mucheki wekare", saka rainzi "Butcher", uye muna 1827 chete akapiwa zita rakaburukira mazuva edu.
- Imwe yemiti inozivikanwa muBern ndiyo "Mosesi" . Muporofita anobata bhuku mune rumwe rutivi, apo mirairo yose Gumi yakanyorwa, uye ruoko rwechipiri runotaura kumurairo "Usazviitira chifananidzo." Zvinotendwa kuti munyori wemufananidzo ndiye Nikolaus Sporrer, uye mbiru uye mubhedheni ndiNikolaus Shprjungli.
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