Chirwere chinotyisa cheganda hachiwanzowanika mumatanho ekutanga ekugadzirwa kwayo. Ichi chinoshamisa chinosanganiswa nekusaonekwa kwekutanga kwehutano, hunofanana nevusus vazvarwa (birthmark), uye kazhinji kazhinji hakuna zviratidzo zvisina kunaka. Zvinosuruvarisa, chete pamatanho ekupedzisira ekufambira mberi inova pachena kuti iyo maranoma echechi inowanikwa - hutano hwehupenyu hwakanyanya kuipa nekuda kwekusakwanisa kubviswa kwekuvhiya kwechirwere, kuvapo kwemasasa akawanda.
Zvifananidzo zvechirwere cheganda 1 uye zvikamu zviviri
Kana chirwere ichi chaonekwa munguva yekutanga yekubatsira, pane mukana wekuwana kunyange kugona kwakakwana kana kuregererwa kwenguva refu. Izvo zvinonzi prognostic kukosha kunonyanya kukura kwekupinda kwechirwere ichi kupinda mudhesi yeganda. Izvo zvakasimba iyo neoplasm yakawedzera mukati, zvakanyanya kuoma kuzvibata uye inowedzera ngozi yezvinetso.
Muchikamu chekutanga chekuwedzera, maranoma inoratidzwa nehupamhi hwe 2 mm. Dumbu racho rinogona kufukidzwa nehutachidiki maduku, kunyange izvi zvisiri chiratidzo chisingaverengeki. Majekiseni emagetsi anowanikwa munzvimbo imwe, haavi nehutachiona hwemasvosve nemakirini.
Kufanirwa kwekutanga kwechigunwe chechivara kunobvawo phototype yemunhu. Yakave yakasimbiswa kuti vanhu vane ruvara uye vane ruvara rwemafu, vekutanga, havagoni kudzvinyirirwa nechirwere chiri mubvunzo, uye chechipiri, vane mukana wakakura wekuwana kuzorora zvakakwana, kunyanya pachitsauko 1-2 chekuvandudzwa kweeoplasm.
Mukuwedzera, zvepabonde uye zera remurwere zvinokanganisa ruzivo rwekufananidzira. Vakadzi vane huporofita huri nani kupfuura varume, pamwe nevechidiki vachienzaniswa nevanhu vakwegura.
Kuponeswa mumukanda weganda kunofungidzirwa mukati memakore mashanu. Kana chirwere ichi chave chakaonekwa panguva yakakodzera, iyo inenge 66-98%.
Zvirwere zvemaperembudzi zveganda 3 uye zvikamu zvina
Iyo yakatsanangurwa nguva dzekukura kwekenza dzinozivikanwa nezvinhu zvinotevera:
- tumuru inosvika 2 mm;
- masero echecological anoparidzirwa kumakisheni akavakidzana;
- kuvepo kwemasastases mumakirini nhengo nezvimwe nhengo;
- zvipembenene uye kudengenyeka kwepamusoro peputika;
- kuwedzera kukuru kwechirwere chinopinda.
Zvose izvi zvinowedzera kuwedzera kududzira, sezvo kunyange mushure mekubviswa kwakakwana kwekenza pachako, hazvizobviri kubvisa tumarara masero achifamba neropa kuburikidza nemuviri. Zvishoma nezvishoma vachagara munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana uye masukisi, vachizvirova. Kuvapo kweiyo imwe pathogenic cell kunogona kukonzera kudengenyeka kwakanyanya kwechirwere nekukurumidza kwemazuva ano.
Zvakakoshawo kufunga nezvenzvimbo yezvinetso. Kufanirwa kwechirwere chinonzi melanoma chemusana, chifuva, mimba uye mhedziso zvakanyanya kukura kupfuura kana zvichiitika kukura kwemarara mumutsipa uye nechiso, kunyanya mumatanho ekupedzisira ekufambira mberi kwekenza.
Zvichienderana nezvimwe zvinokonzera kuitika kwehutano, zera, zvepabonde uye hutano hwemurwere, makore mashanu ekupona kwehupenyu hwemashure epamusoro ekurapa kemaperembudzi anosiyana pakati pe8-45%.
Izvi zvinoshanduka here kana zvisina kukodzera kurapwa kweganda melanoma?
Pakarepo mushure mekuonekwa kwechirwere pane imwe nguva yekutanga kukura, nzira yekuvhiya yokubviswa kwayo inorayirwa. Nokufambira mberi kwenguva pfupi kweeoplasm, therapy rayation , immune uye polychemotherapy (mumatambudziko) inoitwa.
Zvinosuruvarisa, kubudirira kwehutano kunobata zvinhu zvakawanda zvakasiyana siyana, naizvozvo hazvibatsiri nguva dzose kunyange munyaya yekuregererwa kwema melomomas 1-2 zvikamu pasina metastases kune nhengo dzomunharaunda uye lymph nodes. Kana chirwere chacho chisina kukwana, chirevo chinosuruvarisa, uye makore mashanu ekupona kwemazana haapfuuri 15-20%.