Rimwechete mumumuviri womunhu, chirwere cheAIDS chinosarudzwa nemasero emunodzivirira, pamusoro penzvimbo iyo pane CD 4-modululy - ndivo avo vanoona hutachiona.
HIV inoreva lentiviruses, iyo inonziwo "hutachiona hwemagetsi" - izvi zvinoreva kuti kubva panguva yekutapukira kusvikira chiratidzo chekutanga (uye kunyanya zvakadaro chirwere chekuwana immunodeficiency syndrome) chinopedza nguva yakawanda. Kunyangwe kusati kwatanga kugadziriswa kwezvirwere zvemuviri, zvirwere zvinogona kupararira mumuviri wose.
Masero anokonzerwa nekuchengetedzwa kwepachiviriro anowanzobatwa, uye kuderera kwechiverengero che lymphocytes-CD4 kune kukosha kwe200 / μL uye pasi, kutaura nezvehutano hwekuwana immunodeficiency.
Chii chinonzi utachiona hweAIDS hunoita sei?
Chimiro chemukondombera weAIDS chakanyanya kuoma. Utachiwana hweHIV hune huwandu hwemhepo yakasvibirira, iyo inoumbwa nekaviri yepidid layer ne glycoprotein "spines". Pamusoro pehutachiwana hweHIV kune zviuru zvemapuroteni mamolekemu (gp41, gp120, p24, p17, p7). Mapuroteni gp 120 uye gp 41 anoita kuti hutachiona hwehutachiwana hweAIDS huvepo - huri nerubatsiro rwavo hutachiona hutachiona hweHIV hunoita kuti huve "chinangwa" - masero emagetsi evanhu. Yakawanikwa kuti huwandu hwehutachiona hweAIDS hunenge makumi matanhatu pane zvishoma pane chikamu chepamusoro che erythrocyte uye ndeye 100-120 nanometer.
Utachiona hweAIDS hunotora nguva yakareba sei?
Munhu anozvigadzirisa mafungiro ehutachiona anowanika chete mumvura inoshandiswa yemuviri. Kusvibiswa nehutachiona hweHIV kunogona kuva kuburikidza neropa uye zvikamu zvaro munguva yekuwedzerwa (coagulation factors, plasma yakaoma, platelet mass). Uyewo, kusangana pabonde (kusanganisira muromo) ane murwere weHIV hakusi yakachengeteka. Mumakumbo, misodzi, jira, nyota nemukaka, HIV yakagadzikana yakanyanya kwazvo - utachiona hunoita chete kana izvi zvinonaya zvisina kuchena kweropa.
Kuvharirwa nemhuri kunoreva hazvibviri, sezvo chirwere cheAIDS chinofa mumhepo kwemaminitsi mashoma.
Ungazvidzivirira sei kubva kune HIV?
Zvinosuruvarisa, chikamu chetatu chekudzivirira AIDS hachipi - hutachiwana hwemumunodeficiency hunogona kupinda mumuviri kunyange nehutano hwekudzivirira. Kazhinji, hutachiwana hunoonekwa muhukoni hunodiwa (zvisati zviri zvisina kuchena) hazvina kuremekedzwa, pamwe chete apo ropa uye zvikamu zvaro zvinoshandiswa (munguva pfupi yapfuura nhamba yematambudziko yakaderera, semupi wezvinhu zvakagadzirirwa kuongororwa kuongororwa kweHIV).
Zvakakosha kurega kushamwaridzana kusina kudzivirirwa nevasina kujaira: chivimbo chekusina kwehutachiona ndiko kuongororwa kweHIV neSDD, uye kwete "shoko rakatendeseka". Mu manicure salons zviri nani kutora zvishandiso zvako, nokuti kunze kweHIV pane zvisizvo zvisina kuora uye zvipfeko zvinogona kuva nemagandanyama ehepatitis, syphilis, nezvimwewo.
Iwe unogona sei kuwana HIV?
Kusiyana nenhema uye kutya, hutachiwana nehutachiona hwehutachiona hunogona kuitika kuburikidza ne:
- handshake;
- a kiss;
- zvokudya zvekare nezvimwewo;
- muteko kuruma;
- kushandiswa kwemabhedha, dziva dzinoshambira, saunas;
- "Injections" munzvimbo dzinowanikwa vanhu vane nheyo dzine utachiona (pamusoro pebasa rinotanga kufa nokukurumidza).
Utachiwana hweHIV hahuna kuparadzaniswa nekusvetuka nekukanganiswa.
Kuongororwa kweHIV
Nguva yekudzivirira hutachiona hweHIV inopedza mwedzi mitanhatu, saka zvinokwanisika kuona utachiona chete mushure mekupera kwenguva iyi kubva panguva yehutachiona hwehutachiona (kuwedzerwa, kurara pabonde kusina kuchengeteka, kuvhara nesironi isina kumira). Kuongororwa kunobatanidzwawo kana mumwe wako ari pangozi (kunze kweukama, kuderedza zvinodhaka, zvirwere zveSDD).