Melanin inonzi pigment inokonzera kukora ganda, bvudzi, meso omunhu. Uye kukanganisa mukugadzirwa kweiyi pigment kunogona kukonzera chirwere chinotyisa se melanoma. Melanoma chirwere chakaipa, mu 90% inoratidzwa mukukuvara kweganda. Mune 10% yematambudziko anonzi melanoma anogona kukuvadza maziso, maviri emimba, magonhe emutsara uye uropi, uyewo mucous tissues.
Munguva ichangopfuura, maererano nekudengenyeka kwemamiriro ezvinhu ezvakatipoteredza, maranoma yava chirwere chinowanzojairika, icho gore negore chinotora huwandu hwehupenyu. Dambudziko guru reboka ndivo vakwegura, asi ganda rinonyangadza rinogona kuitika chero nguva, kubva pakuyaruka.
Zviratidzo zvekutanga uye zviratidzo zvinotevera zveganda melanoma
Sezvo mutemo, varwere vanonoka vachitaura kune vanyori, uye naizvozvo kuurayiwa kwechirwere ichi kwakanyanya kwazvo. Asi sezvo zviratidzo zvehutano hwechiganda zvinogona kuonekwa neziso risina kusimba, hazvisi zvakaoma kufungidzira chirwere munguva. Ngationei kuti zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvee melanoma zvinofanira kubhadharwa sei panguva yekuona chiremba.
Chiratidzo chinonyanya kukosha ndi "kupera" kwevusus (birthmark kana birthmark). Kana ukacherechedza kuchinja kwechitarisiko, iwe unofanira kuongorora. Kuchinja kunogona kuva kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana:
- kuwedzera birthmark (birthmark);
- kuchinja kwemasango, kutaridzika kwemasimbi (dentate) edges;
- kuchinja ruvara rwekuberekwa kwechizvarwa kune rumwe rutivi rwemazuva (dzimwe nguva rinogona kuva rakatsvuka kana bluish);
- kuchinja kwechimiro che mole (birthmark) - inotanga kuve yakanyorova, inopisa, ichibhururuka;
- kuwedzera kwe lymph nodes pamusoro peimwe yezviratidzo pamusoro apa.
Kukura kweshuga yeganda kubva mumura kunowanzowedzera maererano nemamiriro ezvinhu anotevera: mole, pasina chikonzero chakajeka kana mushure mekukuvara, inotanga kuwedzera muhukuru, kuchinja ruvara uye zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera, kuva chiremara chinoputika.
Izvo zvinotevera zviratidzo zve melanoma ndiyo yakanyatsokodzera yekuzivikanwa:
- kusuruvara kwevhudzi paganda reevus;
- kuratidza ganda nekuumbwa kwe "crusts";
- kunyangarika kwemuvara weganda kumusoro;
- chiitiko chekuendesa maitiro (satellites - mashizha paganda, pedyo nechokuita kwechirwere, kuchengetedza mavara ake ekutanga);
- kupenya uye kubwinya (kioni) pamusoro pemira.
Symptoms of subungual melanoma kana melanoma yepikiri
Kenza yepaipuliti yepachipikiri inenge 3% yehuwandu hwehutano hwakagadziriswa. Zviratidzo zveeal melanoma zvinotevera:
- kazhinji kacho chirwere ichi chinowedzera pachigunwe;
- iyo mbambo inosviba (kana bhenekeri yakasvibirira inowanikwa);
- kune kurira kwemunwe;
- pamwe nekufamba kwemazuva, mbambo iri kuputika uye sirifiti kana pus iri kure;
- Sezvo maranoma inokura, inowana mushroom-yakasvibiswa bluish-tsvuku kana ruvara rutsvuku.
Zviratidzo zveziso remaziso
Melanoma yemaziso ndiwo anowanzoita zvirwere. Pakutanga, zvisinei hapana zviratidzo zvinogona kuonekwa. Asi zviratidzo zvinotevera zvinogona kuvhiringidzika:
- chimiro che-photopsy-ruvara ruvara, maruva, mavara;
- kuora kwemaonero ;
- chimiro chekugadzirisa - kusvibiswa kwemaonero ehuwandu, zviyero, mararamiro ekuonekwa kwepakati;
- kuonekwa kwe "mapofu mapofu" mumaziso;
- zvichida kuchinja kuchinja kweiyris;
- opacification ye retina;
- kurira kweziso.
Zvimwe zvezviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuonekwa mushure mokunge gumbo racho ranyatsogadzirwa uye kuti zvigone kuonekwa. Zvichienderana nezvinzvimbo zvechirwere, zvinogoneka uye zviratidzo izvi zvechirwere ichi:
- secondary glaucoma;
- kuora ropa muziso;
- detachment ye retina.