Stenosis ye mitral valve chirwere chemoyo, umo kuruboshwe rwe atrioventricular aperture rakatapudzwa. Izvi zvirwere zvinoreva imwe yemhando dzakawanda dzezvirwere zvepfungwa. Chirwere ichi chinokonzera kukanganiswa kwema diastolic yeropa, iyo inodyarwa kubva kuruboshwe kuruboshwe kuruboshwe. Chirwere chinogona kunge chiri mumamiriro akasiyana, uye chete munzvimbo yakasarudzwa, asi panewo mamiriro ekukuvadza kune mamwe magetsi.
Maererano nehuwandu, dzakawanda maitiro e stenosis ye mitral valve anoitika kuvakadzi. Kunze kwevanhu 100 000, inowanikwa muvanhu 80.
Zviratidzo zvinoratidzwa pakupera kwemakore anenge makumi mashanu uye inononoka. Congenital pathology haigoni.
Zvinokonzera uye etiology ye stenosis ye mitral orifice
Pakati pezvikonzero zvinokonzera stenosis ye mitral valve maviri:
- Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kukanganisa kwakambove kwakatambudzwa - makumi mapfumbamwe ematambudziko aya chirwere chinotungamirira kuchirwere chemwoyo.
- Mune zvimwe zviitiko, uye izvi ndezve20%, chinokonzerwa nehutachiwana hwehutachiona (pakati pavo inokuvadza mwoyo, infective endocarditis nevamwe).
Chirwere chacho chinoumbwa pazera remukomana, uye rinosanganisira kuputsa kwebasa revhavha, iyo iri pakati pevhirigiriyumu uye atrium. Kuti unzwisise kuti chinangwa chechirwere ndechei, zvinokosha kuziva kuti iyi valve inotanga kupinda diastole, uye pamwe nayo ropa rinoshandiswa reruboshwe rinotarirwa rinotungamirirwa kuruboshwe. Iyi mitral valve ine mavhavha maviri, uye apo pane stenosis, aya magetsi anovhara, uye chirongo chinoshandiswa neropa, chinopera.
Nemhaka yeizvi, kuomeswa kwerutivi rworuboshwe kunowedzera - ropa kubva kuruboshwe rwemarerium hauna nguva yekubuda kunze.
Hemodynamics ne mitral stenosis
Kana kukanganiswa kwerutivi rworuboshwe kunowedzera, zvinoenderana, kunowedzera muatrium yakakodzera, uye zvakare mumapiritsi emapurmonary, uye, nekuwana huwandu hwepasi pose, mune rimwe denderedzwa reropa rinopararira. Nemhaka yekudzvinyirirwa kwakanyanya, myocarimoni yebato rekupedzisira atrium hypertrophies. The atrium nemhaka yeiyi inoita nenzira yakasimbiswa, uye nzira yacho inoshandiswa kune inrium yakarurama. Uyezve, kuwedzera kunomuka mumapapu uye mumapiritsi emapinmoni.
Zviratidzo zve mitral stenosis
Zviratidzo ne stenosis ye mitral valve vanotanga kuzviratidza ivo pachavo nenzira yekusuruvara kwefema nekuda kwekubatanidzwa kwemapapu mune izvi, zvino pane:
- kurwiswa kwepachimara chepemhesi nekuda kwekuvhiringidzwa kwegasi kushandiswa;
- chifukidziro, chinogona kuva nemucheka kana phlegm;
- kunyanya kuneta, palpitations;
- "Mwoyo hump" - kuputika mukati memwoyo nzvimbo pachifuva - inoitika nekuda kwehupirmophy ye ventricle yakarurama.
Kuongororwa kwemasral stenosis
Mitral stenosis inowanikwa uchishandisa nzira dzinotevera:
- X-ray kuongorora - inoitwa kuti ijekese kuwedzera mumakamuri emwoyo uye kusarudza mamiriro emidziyo.
- Electrocardiogram - inobatsira kuongorora hypertrophy ye ventricle yakarurama uye yakasiya atrium, pamwe nekugadzirisa zvakaita mafungiro emwoyo.
- A phonocardiogram inofanirwa kugadzirisa ukuru hwemazwi ekudengenyeka.
- Echocardiogram - inosarudza kufamba kwe mitral valve flaps, chiyero chekuvharwa kwemagetsi ye mitral uye ukuru hwemukati werutivi rworuboshwe.
Kurapa kwemasral stenosis
Kurapa kwe stenosis ye mitral valve haisi yakananga, uye inosungirirwa kugadziriswa kwemoyo wose uye kushandiswa kwemasabolism, pamwe nekusimudzira kwekupararira kweropa.
Somuenzaniso, kana kushayikwa kwemashoko, ACE inhibitors, mwoyo glycosides, diuretics, mishonga inovandudza mvura yemunyu inoshandiswa inoshandiswa.
Kana pane rheumatic processes, zvino vanorega kushandisa antirheumatic drugs.
Kana kurapwa kusingaiti nemigumisiro yaunoda, uye kune ngozi kune hupenyu, ipapo chirwere chinoratidzwa - mitral commissurotomy.