Gore negore, maererano nemashoko eWorld Health Organisation, vakadzi vanodarika mamiriyoni 46 vari kutemerwa kuti kugadziriswa kwepamuviri kuberekwe. 40% avo vanotaura zvido zvavo, vamwe vose vanoenda kubvisa pamuviri kune zviratidzo zvechiremba kana nekuda kwehupenyu huripo.
Nhamba dzekubvisa pamuviri munyika
Nhamba yekubvisa pamuviri munyika ino zvishoma nezvishoma asi inowira. Ichi ndicho chinonyanya kukosha. Zvisinei, vanachiremba vakatarisana nedambudziko guru - kubvisa pamuviri. Nhamba yavo inoramba ichikura. Chokutanga, kushanda kwemutemo kusingabvumirwi kunoitwa nevagari vemunyika yeSouth America neAfrica, mune zvakawanda zvadzo kubvisa pamuviri zvinorambidzwa.
Nzira dzisiri pamutemo dzinowanzoguma nemigumisiro yakaipa. Vakadzi zviuru makumi manomwe, zvichienderana navanachiremba, vanourayiwa semhosva yekubvisa pamuviri kubvisa pamuviri.
Nhasi, nhamba dzekubvisa pamuviri nenyika dzakakosha kudana chinangwa - zhinji dzadzo hadzina kunyora zvakare nekuda kwekudziviswa kwepamutemo. Uyezve:
- Nhamba dzepamusoro dzekubvisa pamuviri dziri muAsia;
- zvinowedzera kuEastern Europe;
- North America inopa 21% yekutengeserana kwakadaro;
- kuWestern Europe, anenge 16%.
Nhamba dzekubvisa pamuviri muRussia
Kwemazuva mazhinji nyika yakanga iri kutungamira maererano nenhamba yekubvisa pamuviri. Mumakore makumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu yakange yakapetwa katatu kupfuura nhamba yekubvisa pamuviri muUnited States, uye muna 15 - muGermany. Kudzoka muna 2004, United Nations yakagadza Russia kutanga munyika yose maererano nenhamba yekubvisa pamuviri. Nhasi, nhamba yacho yakanyanyisa kuderera, asi inoramba iri yakakwirira. Maererano nemichina yakasiyana-siyana, kubva kune imwe nehafu kusvika kune mamiriyoni matatu vakadzi vanogadziriswa gore roga roga muRussia nokuda kwekuvhiringidzika pamuviri . Iyi ndiyo chete inhambare yepamusoro yekubvisa pamuviri - vanachiremba vanoti chiverengero chinofanira kuwedzera nemaviri.
CIS nyika
Nhamba yakakura yekubvisa pamuviri kuburikidza nekuberekwa kwe100 munzvimbo yese yeSoviet yakaverengwa neRussia, inoteverwa neMoldova neByelorussia. Nhasi mamiriro ezvinhu munyika dzeCIS akafanana neRussia. Nokudaro, nhamba dzekubvisa pamuviri muUkraine dzinoratidza kuti nhamba yemabasa akadaro yakaderera ka10 mumakore gumi. Inenge 20% yevaUkraine gore negore vanosarudza kuvhara pamuviri, uye iyi inenge madzimai 230 000.