Anesthetics inotaura kune mishonga yemishonga inochengeterwa mishonga yemishonga yega yega yemapuraneti. Nhasi, zhinji dzazvo dzinotengeswa pasina mushonga, saka kazhinji kune kutadza kusadzora uye kusina kunaka kwemishonga inorwadza, iyo inogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro yakaipa. Zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti chirwere chinorwadza chinongova chiratidzo chemhando ipi zvayo yezvirwere mumuviri. Nokudaro, kungomisa marwadzo, hazvibviri kubvisa chikonzero chehutachiona, uye inogona kunge ichangozviratidza zvakare.
Urongwa hwemishonga inorwadza
Anesthetic zvinodhaka zvinowanzosiyana mumakemikari uye nzira yekuita. Inogona kubudiswa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana, ine chiito chekugara uye chekuita:
- mahwendefa;
- capsules;
- makandulo;
- solutions for injections;
- ointments;
- giro, nezvimwewo.
Nekemikemikirwo uye ma pharmacological properties, kurwadziwa kunorwadza kwakakamurwa kuva mapoka maviri makuru.
Narcotic madawa
Mishonga, iyo ine basa rinosanganiswa nekudziviswa kwezvikamu zvepakati penheyo system. Sezvo mutemo, mishonga iyi inorwadza inoshandiswa mushure mekushanda kwakakomba, nekukuvara kwakakura, kunyanya, kusagadzikana kunorwadza. Nokudzivisa kutapurirwa kwemafungiro muuropi uye mumutsipa wepelinha, vanobatsira zvakare kubvisa kuzvidya mwoyo.
Pasinei nokuti mishonga yeboka iri inonyatsoshanda nekurwadziwa, inoshandiswa chete mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma uye nekuchenjerera. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti mishonga yakadaro yakakurumidza kukukonzera kusagadzikana, kushaya muviri uye kugadzikana kwepfungwa, uyewo kunotungamirira kune dzimwe dzakawanda migumisiro. Nzira dzinotyisa dzakanyanyisa dzakaparadzana mu:
1. Zvinokonzera maogioid receptors:
- morphine;
- fentanyl;
- promedol).
2. Vagonist-vanopikisa maepioid receptors:
- butorphanol;
- buprenorphine;
- pentazocine;
- nalbufin.
Kwete-nharotic analgesics
Iyi ndiyo nzira, inobudirira pakunzwa kunorwadza kwevhareji uye kusimba kusimba. Mari idzi hadzina kukosha kwakanyanya pamutambo wenheyo, haufaniri kuchinja maitiro ehupenyu, haukonzere kukanganisa. Saka, kurwadziwa kwakadaro kunofungidzirwa kuchengeteka. Izvo zvakakamurwa kuva:
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - vane anti-inflammatory, analgesic effect, kuderedza usana hwemuviri.
- Analgesics-antipyretics - vane antipyretic uye analgesic effect.
Zvisiri-narcotic analgesics zvinosanganisira magadzirira zvichibva pa:
- zvinyorwa zve salicylic acid (sodium salicylate, acetylsalicylic acid);
- aniline derivatives (paracetamol, phenacetin);
- anthranilic acid zvinokonzerwa (fluphenamic acid, mefenamic acid);
- zvinyorwa zve alkanoic acid (ibuprofen, diclofenac sodium, flurbiprofen);
- zvinyorwa zve pyrazolone (analgin, amidopyrine, butadione), nezvimwewo.
Anesthetics ane mazino
Painkillers inofanira kutorwa neinobhurwa rezino , kana pasina nzira yokutsvaga chiremba nokukurumidza. Chimbofunga kuti ndeipi yezvigadzirwa zvichanyatsobudirira munyaya iyi:
1. Kugadzirira kwakagadzirwa neacetylsalicylic acid - mishonga iyi inofanira kushandiswa nekuchenjerera kana yakaoma nezvinetso zvekugadzirisa chirwere:
- Asphen;
- Acelesin;
- Citramoni.
2. Nzira inobva pane nimesulide - yakasimba zvakakwana nekukurumidza kuita painkillers:
- Actasulide;
- Nimesiri;
- Nyz.
3. Ketorolac-based drugs zvinoshanda zvinodhaka zvinofanira kushandiswa chete kana zvichida kurwadziwa zvakanyanya, kutarisira:
- Ketanov;
- Ketorol;
- Ketalgin.
Anesthetics ye osteochondrosis
Symptomatic therapy for osteochondrosis inosanganisira kushandiswa kwemishonga inorwadza. Sezvo mutemo, idzi dziri kugadzirira nezvinhu zvinotevera zvinoshanda:
- diclofenac sodium;
- piroxicam;
- ibuprofen;
- nimesulide;
- ketoprofen uye vamwe.
Mumatambudziko akaoma, kushandiswa kwemafura uye mijenya yezvinodhaka kunoratidzwa, mune zvimwe chiedza - kunze kwemajisi (mafuta, mafuta, marimu).