Zvinenge zvese zvinotanga varimi vemaruva vanofarira mazalea, kutarisira kumba kumunda wakanaka. Iri duva rakauya kwatiri richibva kune imwe nyika yekuSouth-Asia, uko pane mamiriro okunze akanyatsosiyana, saka unoda kuva neruzivo kuti uite nzvimbo yakagadzikana yake pahwindo.
Azaleas - Species
Azaleas ndeyemhuri yeheather uye marudzi e rhododendrons. Chimiro chacho chine chimiro chisina maturo uye chinokonzera, uye tsvina inesimba segungwa rewarfish. Mashizha emhando dzakasiyana-siyana mumapurasitiki ndeyedu, zviduku uye zvinotyisa, mushure mokuguma kwekufamba kwenguva inowira. Iwe haugone kutsanangura azalea pasina kumira zvakadzama pamusoro payo mazai akanaka. Mhando dzakawanda dzemaruva anotonhora zvinogona kuva monophonic kana bicolour, nemakumbo kubva kumachena kusvika akazara akajeka mutsvuku.
MuEurope, chimiro chekushongedza chakaonekwa nekuda kwevadzingesi veDutch, avo vakabva nayo kubva kunoshamisa kweJapan neChina. Pakupedzisira azaleas yainzi mazita ekugadzirwa kwemapuranga emaruva emabhodhoro ne 5 stamens pahuva, uye rhododendrons - kunyanya mumugwagwa mukuru wakazara shrubs shrubs ane 10 stamens. Iye zvino unogona kuwana mune mabhuku ose mazita emhando dzakasiyana-siyana, iyo isingafungidzi kuti iko kukanganisa kwakaipisisa. Kuti udzivise kukanganisa, apo unotenga maruva netsamba, nyatsoverenga tsanangudzo yake.
Mhando huru dzezaleas:
- Azalea is Japanese. Rimwe zita rinoreva rhododendron benzi. Iyo inokura mumhando yezasi shrubs kusvika 50 cm murefu.Bhuku rekutakura rine zvishoma kupararira.
- Azalea is Indian. Rimwe zita rinonzi Sims rhododendron. Nyika yezvakasiyana-siyana zvezvipembenene ndeyeAsia nyika. Kubva pamasango emusango weIndia azalea ane madiki ekukura kusvika kusvika hafu yemamita, akawanda emarimi akawanikwa.
Nzira yekuchengetera azalea sei?
Indoor azalea - maruva anoyevedza, kutarisira pamba iyi pombi inoshongedza inoda kutarisirwa, nguva, kunyatsoteerera mitemo yekutanga yekukura mbeu. Kana iwe ukangodyara rhododendron yakawanda inotengwa muchitoro pahwindo rewindo pachinzvimbo chakasviba uye chakaoma, ipapo muti wakaipa unogona kuparara.
Nzira yekupa azaleas care kumba:
- Chiedza chakanaka - iyi flower inonzwa zviri nani mu penumbra.
- Nokuti rhododendrons inoda humidhu yakakwirira, mumamiriro ezvinhu eimba iwe unofanirwa kugadzira zvinyorwa zvekugadzira.
- Mukutarisira kuita nenguva panguva yakakodzera uye inonwisa nguva.
- Zvinorambidzwa kusunungura ivhu muhari, midzi midzi inokura pasi uye inokuvara nyore nyore.
- Kupisa - munguva yechando zvinotofanira kuchengetedza mubhodhi munzvimbo inotonhorera pa10-14 ° C, muzhizha haifaniri kukwira kupfuura 18 ° C.
- Soro - mukuchengetedzwa kweRhododendrons, zviri nani kushandisa ivhu rakasvibiswa nemakisikiti anenge 4-4.5 pH.
- Kuti urambe uine maruva akanaka wakafadza iwe mazalea azalea, kutarisira kumba kunofanira kunge kunosanganisira kudya nguva dzose, zvichida nokuda kwechinangwa ichi kutenga michina yakakosha ye rhododendrons.
Nzira yekuisa sei azalea kumba?
Rimwe jaya rinofanira kuendeswa kune rimwe idzva gore rimwe nerimwe, maruva ekare anotumirwa makore maviri kana matatu. Chikanganiso chakakanganiswa ndiko kuputsa kwechimiro chepasi coma. Muchiitiko chacho, nenzira yakakodzera sei kudarika iyo azalea, zviri nani kuchengetedza kutendeseka kwayo uye kuzviisa kune kuwedzerwa kwe substrate yemuviri. Mukubatana nepamusoro pemadziro emukati, haugone kutenga zvidha zvakadzika zve rhododendrons, uchishandisa mabhodhoro ekudzikisa pasi muimba.
Azalea - kubereka kumba
Mbeu nzira yekuberekwa inoshandiswa kunyanya nevaridzi vemafuta, vanodikanwa vanogona kukurudzira mbeu dzinoshandiswa zviri nyore kuita uye kupa zvibereko zvakakwirira. Muchinetso chekuwedzera mazalea , zvakakosha kushandisa sendima-extruded cuttings kusvika masendimita 8 masere. Zvakanaka rooting inowanikwa kubva pakutanga kwegore kusvika munaJune muidhiic coniferous ivhu. Kuti uwane kugadzirwa kwechando, iyo inogadziriswa mumagadziro ehotera kana pasi pegorosi mabhangi pane kutonhora kwe25 ° C. Imwe nzira inobatsira yekuberekazve ndiyo kupatsanurwa kwegwenzi rine simba nezera remakore matatu.
Nzira yekugura sei azalea?
Mibvunzo pamusoro pekugadzirisa azalea mushure mokutunga maruva uye panguva ipi zvayo yekuita izvi, funganya vose vanotanga florist. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzakatanga muna March-April, uye nguva dzekupedzisira-kubva munaMay kusvika June. Zvakakosha kupfupisa mashizha egore rapera uye kudzura zvose zvisingabatsiri. Nekuchera zvidimbu zviduku zvakakura zvichibva pachibato, trunk inodururwa pamakiromita 12 kusvika kubva muvhu kumusoro. Ivha rinokura rinodikanwa kutenderedzwa kumativi ose ekubatanidzwa kwekushongedzwa kwekufanana kwekorona.
Ivhu rezaza
Mhepo yekamuri azaleas inonyatsokodzera nevhu ye acidid inenge pH 4.5. Pamba, mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka anogadzirwa nekusanganisa coniferous nyika (2 zvikamu), peat (1 chikamu) uye chikamu chiduku chejecha rehova. Kana zvakakosha zvikamu zveimba zvisingagoni kuwanikwa, zvino vashandi vanogona kutenga zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirirwa zvakagadzirirwa zve rhododendrons kana mamwe maruva anodyarwa muvhu rechidimbu.
Nzira yekudiridza azalea sei?
Nguva dzose kudiridza azaleas mukutarisira kunoda kubudisa mvura inonaya kana mvura, inogadziriswa ne citric acid. Kuti awane sarudzo yakada, mabhesi maviri easiti muine imwe yechipatara uye inodziya kusvika kutsivheni yemvura inoderedzwa. Mvura yakasimba kana kuoma kunotungamirira kurufu rwemuti, munguva yekupedzisira nguva inowanika yekudiridza inofanira kuderedzwa. Kuti inonyore nyika inotyisa munguva yechando, nguva iyo azalea inowanikwa mumapurasi nemvura.
Sei asingaiti azalea inokura?
Vanhu vane hanya nezvezvirimwa pamusha vanowanzotarisana nechinetso chekuti nei azaleas isingasviki. Rhododendron is capricious uye inonzwisisika kune chero shanduko mune zvakatipoteredza. Nokuda kwezvivigiro zvemukati iyi zvakakosha kuti zvive nekushanda kwemazuva ano pabhandiki kana loggia ine kutonhora kwe8-10 ° C uye kuderedza kumwechete kwekudiridza kwekuisa kwekukura. Kana buds inowoneka, tinosimudza kutonhora kusvika 12-16 ° C. Chechipiri chimiro chikuru chemazuva ose echizadza azaleas ndiko kushandiswa kwevhu yeasiti uye zvakanyanya acidic fertilizer mukutarisira.
Zvirwere zveAzalea
Zviratidzo zvezvirwere zvakasiyana siyana zvinogona kusiyana, pane imwe neimwe, unofanira kunyatsoongorora maruva uye sarudza chikonzero chaiicho chekudzivirira kwekura. Mukutarisira zvirwere zveAzalea uye zvinyorwa zvinowanzobatwa. Muchiitiko ichi, ichakwanisa kubvisa mashizha kana kumira maruva, zvipembenene zvine utachiona zvine tsvina yakavhara pamashizha. Kurwisa zvipembenene uye fungi zvinoshandisa mishonga yevanhu kana kugadzirira. Pamba, inokurudzirwa kushandisa biofungicides uye bioinsecticides, izvo hazvina maturo kune vanhu, asi zvine utano hwakanaka.
Zvipembenene zvikuru zvezalea:
- azalium mole;
- greenhouse whitefly;
- mealy worm ;
- strawberry mite;
- tsanduki mite ;
- rhododendron bug.
Zvirwere zvikuru zveAzalea:
- fusariosis;
- gray rot ;
- powdery mildew ;
- ngura;
- verticellosis;
- alternaria;
- chlorosis;
- necrosis.