Chero chii chinokonzera kubuda kwechirwere cheshuga muvanhu, ichi chirwere chetendocrine chinogara chiri pamwe chete nehuwandu hwepamusoro yehuluse muropa uye inokonzerwa nekusakwana kana kukwana kusakwana kwe insulini.
Pasinei nokuti chii chinokonzera, chirwere cheshuga chinokonzera mhedzisiro inokanganisa metabolism yemakhahydrates, mapuroteni nemafuta.
Zvinokonzera chirwere cheshuga
Ichi chirwere chinowanzoitika nekuda kwekugara kwekushaya insulin - hormone yakaumbwa mumakona endocrine epakreta, ayo anonzi zviwi zveLangerhans. Insulin inobatanidzwa inokosha mumakinehydrates, mapuroteni nemafuta emagetsi emitambo yemuviri. Pamakinehihydrate metabolism, hormone-insulin inobata nekuwedzera kudya kweglucose mumasero emuviri uye kushandisa dzimwe nzira dzeglucose synthesis. Panguva imwecheteyo, inodzivisa kuparara kwemakhahydrates.
Zvinokonzera chirwere cheshuga mellitus zvinonyanya kukonzera kusakwana kwekushushikana kwekuchengetedzeka kwepisitini nekuvhiringidzika kwezvinoitika pamatumbu. Kutadza kwe insulini, inosanganiswa nekuparadzwa kwemasero ekubudisa insulin ezvitsuwa zveLangerhans, zvinokonzera kuonekwa kwechirwere ichi sechirwere cheshuga. Kuratidza kuti chirwere ichi chinotanga, apo 80% yemasero anomira kushanda.
Kutaura nezvorudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga, zvinokonzera zvinoratidzwa nekusaita kwe insulini mumatumbu.
Zvikonzero zvekusimudzirwa kwechirwere cheshuga zvakakonzerwa nekudzivirira kusuruvara, ndiko kuti, apo ropa rine chimiro chechigarire kana kuwedzerwa kwechirwere cheshuini, asi masero emuviri haarati anzwisise tsitsi.
Zvinokonzera kukura kwechirwere cheshuga mellitus akaparadzanisa chirwere mumarudzi maviri:
- autoimmune - nemhaka yehutachiona muhutachiona hwemuviri;
- idiopathic.
Uye kana zvikonzero zvekuratidzwa kwechirwere autoimmune chirwere cheshuga zvirwere zvehutachiwana uye nemigumisiro yeimwe chepfu yezvinhu zvinokonzera, semuenzaniso, pesticides, zvino zvinokonzera idiopathic type 1 chirwere cheshuga cheshuga hachina kugadzirwa.
Zvinonyanya kukonzera chirwere chacho
Izvi zvinosanganisira:
- Nhengo dzechirwere - varwere vane hama dzine chirwere cheshuga mellitus vane dambudziko guru rekudzidzira chirwere cheshuga chechipiri, uye mukana wekuvandudza chirwere ichi, kana mumwe wevabereki vari kurwara, kusvika kusvika 9%.
- Kuwedzera muviri - kune vanhu vane uwandu hwehutano hwakawanda uye nehuwandu hwemapfupa adipose, kunyanya mumudumbu, kunzwisisika kwemuviri mumiviri kune insulini inoderera zvikuru, izvi zvinoita kuti zvivepo zvechirwere cheshuga mellitus kakawanda.
- Kushungurudzwa kwezvokudya zvinovaka - kudya kunowanda kwemakrohydrates uye kushayikwa kwefiber kuchaita kuti uwedzere kukura uye mikana yekuvandudza chirwere cheshuga.
- Mamiriro ezvinhu anokonzera kushungurudzika - kuwanikwa nguva dzose kwechimiro mukutambudzika kunoenderana nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hweadrenaline, glucocorticoids uye norepinephrine muropa, iyo inobatsira pakuvandudzika kwechirwere cheshuga mellitus.
Secondary causes
Nguva yakareba ischemic heart disease, atherosclerosis uye arterial hypertension inoderedza kunzwisisika kwemashutu ku insulin. A glucocorticoid synthetic hormones, mamwe madhiragi anonyanyisa, diuretics, kunyanya thiazide diuretics, zvinodhaka zvinodhaka zvine chirwere cheshuga.
Pasinei nokuti chii chinokonzera kukura kwechirwere cheshuga, kuongororwa kunofanira kusimbiswa nemashoko akawanda emushuga weropa mumazuva akasiyana, nekuita glucose kuvhiringidzika kuedzwa uye nekugadzirisa zvinyorwa zveglycated hemoglobin yeropa.