Chirwere chekudzivirira chirwere chechirwere chechirwere chirwere chinoratidzirwa nekuputika kwechirwere chisingaiti chinonzi alleronic bronchi chinotungamirira kukuvhiringidzwa zvishoma nezvishoma kwepermonary ventilation. Izvo zvinopisa zvinosanganisira zvose marphological zvivako zvebronchi, pamwe ne peribronchial tissue ne alveoli. Pamusoro pezvinokonzera, zviratidzo uye nzira yekurapa chirwere chisingaperi chisingagoneki, ngatitaurezve.
Zvinokonzera kupora kwechirwere chisingaperi
Ipai mhando dzezvipingamupinyi zvinokonzera chirwere ichi, chinosanganisira:
- kusvuta;
- genetic predisposition (kukwana kwe α1-antitrypsin);
- kusvibiswa kwemhepo neguruva uye tsvina yemakemikari;
- mabasa ehutano.
Basa rekuwedzera kwehutano hwekugara nekurwara kwechirwere chisingaperi ndeyekuti:
- miners;
- vavaki vanobatanidzwa nesamente mabasa;
- vashandi mune metallurgical indasitiri;
- railwaymen;
- vashandi vanobatanidzwa nekugadzirwa kwekotoni, zviyo uye mapeji ekugadzirwa;
- vashandi vehofisi vanobatanidzwa nekudhindwa pama printers laser.
Pasi pemugumisiro wezvipingamupinyi, kuchinja kwechirwere mu bronchial mucosa kunoitika, uye kuumbwa kwebhonochi chekudzivirira kushanduka. Izvi zvinoita kuti kuve nekushamba kwezvidimbu zvakasiyana-siyana (mabhakitiriya, mavairasi, fungi).
Zviratidzo zvekusava nechirwere chebhonchitis
Mhedziso yekutanga iyo varwere vane chirwere chisingaperi chisingagadzirisheni chinopinda kuna chiremba vane chifuva uye kupera kwekufema, mune zvimwe zviitiko pamwe chete nekuputika. Zviratidzo izvi zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa mangwanani mushure mekumuka. Kupfupika kwepemuviri panguva yekutanga kunonzwika chete nekushingaira kwenyama. Munguva inotonhora, pane zviitiko zvepamusoro zvekudzivirira kupemha, izvo pakutanga zvisingasungiri kune rimwe chirwere.
Sputum muhupembenene husingaperi hunowanzobuda mumaduku mashoma, ine chimiro chechimiro. Purulent sputum character inowanikwa chete panguva dzezvirwere zvinotapukira, izvo, sekutonga, zvinonzi sezvakawanda (chronic obstructive purulent bronchitis).
Sezvo chirwere chacho chichifambira mberi, kuputika kunowedzerwa kuhombodo, inonyatsoonekwa nekukurumidza kunopera, pamwe chete nekuputika . Kupfupika kwemweya, pakutanga kunonzwa sekushayikwa kwemweya, zvino kunopfuurira kupera kupera.
Kuwedzera kwechirwere chisingaperi chisingagadziriswi
Kufanana nedzimwe zvirwere zvisingaperi, nguva dzekuregererwa kwechirwere chinokanganisa bhuchitisi chinoshandiswa pane nguva dzekuwedzera. Izvo zvinoita kuti kuwedzerwa kwehutachiona, kuderedza chitunha chemuviri, kuporesa utachiona hwezvirwere.
Zviratidzo zvekuwedzera kwechirwere chisingaperi chisingagadziriswi:
- kukohwa kukuru;
- copious sputum;
- kuchinja mumucheka weputi (yellow, green, brownish);
- kuwedzera kwekushisa kwemuviri;
- headache;
- kushayiwa simba, bhuti mumuviri.
Matambudziko echirwere chisingaperi:
- kuporesa kusakwana;
- pulmonary hypertension;
- pulmonary heart;
- circulatory insufficiency.
Nzira yekurapa chronic bstructive bronchitis?
Kurapa kwechirwere chisingagadziriswi chinopisa, pakutanga, zvinoreva kuguma kwekukanganisa kwakaipa pamhepo yekufema ( kusvuta kusvuta , kushandiswa kwebasa, kugadziriswa munzvimbo dzakachena munzvimbo dzakanaka). Aya matanho ndiwowo nzira huru yekudzivirira chirwere chisingaperi chinoparadza.
Therapy ye chronic bstructive bronchitis inosanganisira:
- physiotherapy nzira;
- kushandiswa kwebarodildilator;
- anti-inflammatory therapy;
- kusarudzwa kwehutano hwekugadzirira;
- kururamisa kupererwa kwekufema;
- anti-infective therapy (pamwe nekuwedzera);
- vitamini therapy.