Chido chekuziva ramangwana ravo chaigara chiripo, kwaiva nenzvimbo yevarombo vasina hanya, uye kwetemberi dzose. Iye zvino Delphe oracle ishoko rinotsanangurwa, uye muGreece yeGreece iyi mutsara inoreva nzvimbo yaungabvunza mubvunzo uye ugofanotaura.
Chii chinonzi Delphic oracle?
Mwarikadzi Gaia akanga ari muridzi wechirevo, icho chakanga chakachengetedzwa nejoka Python. Chimiro chacho chakagara nhaka nhaka naThemis, uyezve naFeebe, uyo akaipa Apollo. Muzukuru akaziva unyanzvi hwekuuka pasi pekutungamirirwa kwePan, akasvika kune chirevo ndokuva iye oga tenzi, achiuraya dhiragoni. Mushure meizvozvo, aingova nekutora vapirisiti vechipatara chake, achichinja kuva dolphin nekuudza vafambisi vengarava yavakawana pamusoro pekuenda kwavo. Vafambisi vezvikepe vakaenda kuParnassus ndokuvaka chirevo cheDelphic, chinonzi mushure mechifananidzo apo Apollo akazviratidza kwavari.
Kutsigira kwakadaro kwakashata kwakabatsira vashumiri vaMwari vanofara kuti vawane mukurumbira uye kuyerwa munzanga. Temberi yakave yakakurumbira, kubwinya kwayo kwakashamiswa nehupfumi - kushaya kwegoridhe makapu uye zvimwe zviito zvakanga zvisina. Munyika yekare, iyo Delphic oracle haisi nzvimbo tsvene chete ine vachenjeri varoyi, asiwo nzvimbo yezvematongerwo enyika. Vose vatungamiri nevatengesi vaida kugamuchira kugamuchirwa kwemirairo yavo, uye saka mauto nekutengeserana kutenderera zvakanga zviri mumaoko evapristi.
Delphic oracle - nhoroondo
Kuitwa kwekuchera matongo kwakaratidza kuti mhedzisiro yenzvimbo tsvene inenge ichiri mukutanga kwechiGiriki. Zuva chaiyo rekutanga kwevanyori vezvakaitika kare zvakaoma kutumidza zita, zvinotendwa kuti chirevo cheDalphi chakaonekwa pakati pezana remakore rechi10 neregumi nemapfumbamwe BC. Muzana remakore rechinomwe chechi yebwe yakavakwa, yakatsva muna 548 BC, yakatsiviwa neimba yakaisvonaka mumutauro weDorian. Yaivapo makore 175 kusati kwaitika kudengenyeka kwepasi, chirevo chitsva chakavakwa pakati pemakore 369 ne339 BC, matongo aro ari kuwanikwa zvino nevatsvakurudzi. Nguva yakanakisisa yakaitika muzana remakore rechinomwe kusvika ku5 BC. Temberi yakazovharwa muna 279 AD.
Mufundisi weDelphic oracle
Pakutanga, huporofita hwakapiwa chete pamusi wekuzvarwa kweApollo, uye musi wechinomwe we mwedzi woga woga, uye zuva rimwe nerimwe. Mune temberi ye Delphic oracle, munhu wose aibvumirwa, kunze kwemakororo. Pamberi pekurapa mubvunzo uyu waifanira kuitika nenzira yekuchenesa. Pythia akapa zviporofita, uye ivo vakashandurwa nevapristi. Chero mukadzi chero upi zvake, kunyange mukadzi akaroora, anogona kunge ari mhirizhonga, asi mushure mokunge atora nzvimbo yaidiwa kuchengetwa uye kushumira kuna Apollo. Pamberi pebasa, mupristakadzi akazvishambidza mumudziro uye akapfekedza nguvo dzake dzendarama dzakarukwa.
The Delphic oracle yakapiwa nemishonga, iyo Pythia yakakonzera kubhabhatidzwa mune ramangwana. Mukufara kwake aisagona kutaura zvakananga, saka muturikiri aidiwa, anokwanisa kupa zvinoreva kumashoko ose ataurwa. Vanyori vekare vakakwanisa kunyora huzhinji hweuprofita, dzimwe dzaiva konkrete, dzimwe dzaive dzakanganisa.
Delphic oracle naSocrates
Zvivakwa uye munguva dzekare zvakagamuchira zvinyorwa pamadziro, chirevo cheApollo muDelphi chinogona kurumbidza shoko rokuti "Ziva iwe pachako." Bhuku rakanyorerwa kune vakachenjera vakasiyana-siyana, Plato akati mutsara muchipo kune mwari ane ruzivo wakaratidzwa nevanomwe vanofunga. Uye Socrates akati mazwi aya akamutungamirira munzira yekutsvakurudza kwefilosofi, mugumisiro waro waiva mhedziso pamusoro pekuzivikanwa pakati pevanhu nemweya, anodana mutumbi chiridzwa. Nokudaro, mukuita kwekuzviziva, munhu anofanira kuongorora mweya wake.
Delphic oracle - zvirevo
Hasi humwe humwe huporofita hwakaenda munhoroondo, zvinotevera zvinowanikwa kune vakawanda.
- Kuyambuka rwizi Galis, iwe uchaparadza umambo hukuru . Tsanangudzo yakadai yakagamuchirwa naCroesus munguva yehondo nePersia. Akaparadza umambo, asi wake, uye vaprista mukupindura kwehasha vakapindura kuti muuporofita iro zita rekukunda rakange risina.
- Kurwisa nemapfumo esirivha . Delphic oracle akafanotaura kuna Firipi weMakedhoniya kukunda chero kupi kwehondo mukuvapo kwemaitiro akadaro. Akanga ari imwe yenhumbi dzokutanga dzegoridhe dzakagadzirwa dzakazarura magedhi eimba yose yeGreece, inofungidzirwa kusakanganiswa.