Pakutanga, kupa zvikwangwani zvekurasa komubereki, kana mhuri yemhuri yaitarisirwa kwemakore gumi azere, izvo zvinosvika pakuguma kwe 2016. Ndicho chikonzero pakuzosvika kwegore rino, mibvunzo yakawanda yakamuka kana kuti ichawedzerwa uye kuti avo vanogamuchira zviitikiti vachakwanisa sei kurasa mari inopiwa navo.
Zvichakadaro, muna December 2015, Mutungamiri weRussia Vladimir Putin akazivisa chisarudzo chehurumende pamusoro penguva yemberi. Muchikamu chino tichakutaurira kuti kuchinjwa kwakaitwa kumutemo wezvino, uye kusvika gore ripi gore rekuberekwa kwemhuri rawedzerwa.
Kusvikira panguva ipi yekuzvarwa kwekuberekwa kunowedzera?
Kubvira muna 2015, vese vhidhiyo vanowanzosangana nemhosva dzisina kufanira kuti chirongwa chekubudisa zvikwangwani zvinoita kuti kugadzirisa kwekuberekwa kwemhuri kuchigadziriswe kuwedzerwa kwemamwe makore maviri. Kunyange zvakadaro, pakange kusina hurumende yekusimbiswa kwemashoko akadaro kwenguva yakareba kubva kuvamiriri vehurumende yeRussia.
Zvichakadaro, mhinduro kumubvunzo kana kuti kuberekwa kwekuberekwa kwakawedzerwa kusvika muna 2018 kwaifarira kuwanda kwevana vechidiki vasingakwanisi kunzwisisa kana vaizorasikirwa nekodzero yavo yekubhadharwa kwakakura kudai kuberekwa kwechipiri kana kuti mwana akazotevera akadzorerwa. Musi waDecember 30, 2015, pakupedzisira, Mutemo Nha. 433-FZ wakapfuudzwa, maererano nehupi huwandu hwekuberekwa hwakatambanudzirwa kusvikira muna 2018, asi nzira yekuverenga muwandu wayo uye mukana wekushandiswa kwayo haina kuchinja. Uyu mutemo unobvumira kuwana chiziviso kwete chevabereki vaduku avo vana vavo vakaberekerwa kubva panguva ya1.01.2007 kusvika 31.12.2016, asi kune avo vane yechipiri uye vana vanozoita kwemakore maviri anotevera.
Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti izvi zvose zvinoshandura zvinongoratidzira kodzero yekugamuchira chiziviso. Zvinokwanisika kushandisa mari iyo rugwaro urwu runobvumira kupedza chero panguva ipi zvayo, sezvo isingatongorwi nenzira chero ipi zvayo nemutemo wezvino. Pane zvinopesana, zvakapiwa chokwadi chokuti mamwe akasiyana ekushandisa mhuri yemhuri anozivikanwa chete munguva yakareba, hakungavi nekukwanisa uye nguva yakatarwa pano.
Pasina mubvunzo, kubvumidzwa kweMutemo Nha. 433-FZ kwakanyaradza vanhu veRussia Federation kwechinguva chiduku. Munguva pfupi, mhuri dzechidiki dzichiri kushamisika kuti chii chichaitika kumukuru wechizvarwa mushure me 2018. Maererano nevatsvakurudzi, kune zvingasarudzwa zvitatu:
- purogiramu ichave ichivandudzwa kwemakore anoverengeka nemashoko akafanana kana mamwechete;
- purogiramu ichashandurwa zvakanyanya, somuenzaniso, mhuri chete ine vana vazhinji ichawana kodzero yekugamuchira chiziviso, uye mari yacho ichawedzerwa zvikuru;
- Pakupedzisira, pane zvakare kusakanganiswa kwevatongi veRussia - kuguma kwepurogiramu musi wa 31.12.2018.
Zvechokwadi, munyaya iyi, kusagadzikana kwehutano hwemagariro evanhu kuchasimuka, nokuti vakadzi ivavo avo vachava vanaamai pakutanga kwe 2019 kwechipiri vachava panzvimbo yakaipisisa, vachienzaniswa nevakadzi vari mubasa kumagumo e 2018. Kunyange zvakadaro, kupa hurumende yemahara yeRussia uye mari yakaoma yezvemari munyika yose seyese, ndiyo yekupedzisira sarudzo inoratidzika seyo inonyanya kuitika nhasi.