Nzvimbo yeanesthesia inorudzi rwechiremba anesthesia, iyo inopedzisira yanyatsoderedza kushushikana (kunyanya kurwadziwa) mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzisingabviri dzomuviri. Izvi zvinosimbiswa nekudzivirirwa kwehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutano hwakasiyana-siyana.
Nharaunda yeanesthesia inoita kuti zvikwanise kuita zvinorwadza nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzokuvhiya, kupfeka uye kuongorora zvirongwa. Muchiitiko ichi, kutanga kunzwisa kurwadziwa kunopedzwa, mushure mokunge kutaridzika kwekunhuvira, tactile senzwi, kushushikana kwekunetseka kunoshungurudzwa. Kusiyana nemukuru wevanhu, neaneshehesia yepamunharaunda, ruzivo uye kunzwisiswa kwakadzika mukati mevanhu kunopfuurira.
Mhando dzepanyika anesthesia uye mazvigadzirira kwavari
Zvichienderana nezvese rekuvhara kupararira kwemaitiro emusana, anesthesia yemunharaunda yakakamurwa kuva mhando dzakasiyana.
Surface (terminal) anesthesia
Iko rudzi rwemunharaunda yeanesthesia inopiwa nekubatana zvakananga kwechirwere-anesthetic nematumbu emuviri. Semuenzaniso, kana uzarura zviduku zviduku zvisingasviki, kupisa anesthesia inoshandiswa. Kuti uite izvi, shandisa zvinodhaka zvakadai sechloroethyl kana e ether, iyo iyo inoputirwa kubva pamusoro pemasukisi inotungamirira pakupisa kwayo uye kupisa.
Paunenge uchiita maitiro kune nhengo dzemaonero, nhengo dze ENT, nhengo dze genitourinary system, pamusoro peganda uye mucous membrane inobatwa nekudiridza nemagadzirirwo emagetsi, kana tampons yakanyongedzwa mune izvi zvinogadziriswa zvinoshandiswa munzvimbo dzinodiwa. Muchiitiko ichi, sekugadziriswa kweanesthesia yemunharaunda, zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa:
- novocaine;
- lidocaine ;
- trimecaine;
- dicain, nezvimwewo.
Mukuwedzera, kune nzvimbo yepamusoro aneshesia inoshandisa mapiritsi, aerosols, rineses. Kana zvakakosha kuti munhu aneshetize the trachea uye bronchi, imwe nzira yekutsvaga inoshandiswa-kuiswa kwechirwere kuburikidza ne catheter.
Local infiltration anesthesia
Rudzi urwu rweanesthesia runoitwa nekuisa mukati memaviri acho nemaine anesthetic zvinhu munzvimbo iyo chirongwa chokuvhiya chichaitwa. Nokudaro, zviratidzo zvehutano zvakadzivirirwa nekuda kwekutarisana zvakananga nemishonga yekuguma.
Kupinda anesthesia kunogona kuitwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Imwe yenzira dzakajairika ndeyekusarudzwa kwakatsetseka kwegadziriro ye novocaine intradermally ine neta ine tsvina munguva yechiratidzo chekusangana. Muchiitiko ichi, kudzvinyirirwa kwemashure maduku uye mhirizhonga yemigumisiro inobudirira.
Regional local anesthesia
Regional anesthesia, iyo inosanganisira kuiswa kwemajoka emunharaunda munharaunda yedanda guru redu kana kuti plexus, inoparidzirwa mu subspecies dzakadaro:
- conductor;
- epidural;
- spinal cord ;
- intravascular.
Nzira dzakadaro dzeanesthesia dzinoshandiswa mukurapa mazino, mukushanda kune nhengo dzomukati (mudumbu, spleen, nduru bladder, nezvimwewo), pamakumbo, nemakumbo, nezvimwe. Mhinduro dzinoshandiswa zvikuru:
- novocaine;
- ephedrine;
- bupivacaine;
- ropivacaine.
Iko anesthesia yekune imwe nzvimbo inokuvadza here?
Pasinei nekushandiswa kwakawanda kweanesthesia yekunharaunda, kusanganisira pamusha, anesthesia yakadai inogona kutungamirira kumhinduro dzakawanda dzisina kufanira uye zvinetso:
- headaches;
- zvinokonzera kugadzirisa;
- nausea;
- kuderedza kuwedzera kweropa;
- moyo rhythm kuvhiringidzika;
- kunetseka;
- kurasikirwa kwekuziva;
- kuporesa kusakwana, nezvimwewo.
Zvisinei, kuenzanisa rudzi urwu rweaneshesia nehukuru anesthesia, mumwe anogona kusvika pakugumisa kuti nzvimbo yeaneshehesia yakachengeteka uye inogamuchirwa.