Chirwere chakaipa chinonzi melanoma kana kuti melanoblastoma chinogona kuumba munzvimbo ipi zvayo umo kune kuunganidza kwe-melanocytes - pigment cells. Semitemo, inowanikwa panzvimbo yeganda, asi kuonekwa kwaro mucous membrane hakurevi kunze. Semuenzaniso, pane kazhinji kacho kanonzi melanoma yemaziso, iyo ndeimwe yemhando dzakawanda dzekenza.
Zvinyorwa uye zviratidzo zveziso remaziso
Inenge 85% yezvose zvinongororwa zvirwere ndeye tumarara iri mu choroid (choroid). Inenge 9% yezviitiko zvinowanikwa mueoplasms ye ciliary body, 6% mu iris.
Chirwere chemajoni cheziso chiri kukurumidza kufambira mberi uye chinowanzopa zviratidzo kune dzimwe nhengo, kunyanya chiropa nemapapu. Nemhaka yezviitiko zvakadaro, chirwere chiri mubvunzo mukurapa chinoreva maitiro evanhu vane ngozi yakaipa kwazvo.
Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti melanoma ye-choroid yeziso rinogona kuchinja cornea, retina, vitreous uye iris, zvichiita kuti zvive zvisingashanduki kuchinja mavari.
Chipatara zviratidzo zvekutsanangurwa kwekenza mumatangiro ekutanga haako, naizvozvo kuongorora kwayo kwakaoma. Dzimwe nguva melanoblastoma yeziso iri kuonekwa nenzira isingaiti panguva yekuongorora kwemaitiro ne ophthalmologist.
Maitiro ekupedzisira ekufambira mberi kwechirwere anofambidzana nezviratidzo zvinotevera:
- kuora kwemaonero anooneka;
- glaucoma ;
- chimiro chemoto, maruva pamberi peziso, pfungwa yeku "kushambira" kwezvinhu;
- kukanganisa kwemaitiro ekornea kana lens;
- kuvhara ropa;
- inven astigmatism;
- kuchinja mukuona kwemavara;
- detachment of the retina;
- kuchinja mumumvuri we iris, kuonekwa kwemavara akasiyana pairi;
- kukanganisa kwechikoro.
Kurapa uye kufungidzira kwechirwere chemaziso
Kurapa kworudzi urwu rwekenza kunosanganisira kubudiswa kwekuvhenekera kwenharaunda yakagadziriswa, pamwe chete nemaviri ane utano akakomberedza chironda chacho.
Zvichienderana nehukuru hwehutachiona, kunyatsogadziriswa kweziso reziso (enucleation) kana nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuchengetedza nhengo dzinoshandiswa:
- cyber knife;
- radiosurgery;
- transpupillary laser thermotherapy;
- crystestruction;
- brachytherapy.
Uyezve, chemotherapy inogona kunyorwa mushure mokushanda.
Upenyu huripo mu melanoma ye retina uye zvimwe zvikamu zveziso (pamwero) kubva pa47 kusvika ku 84%. Kuponeswa kunopera mukati memakore mashanu kunokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakadai sezera remurwere, nzvimbo, nzvimbo uye chiyero chekukura kwechirwere.