Temberi yaHagia Sophia muConstantinople (ikozvino Istanbul ) yakavakwa muzana remakore rechina AD. Pakati pezana remakore reXV semugumisiro wekutorwa kweguta reEuropea neOttoman Turks, kereke yakaita musikiti yeIslam. Muna 1935, Hagia Sophia's Cathedral muIstanbul yakawana nzvimbo yemuziyamu, uye muna 1985 yakabatanidzwa seNESESCO World Heritage Site semuzinda wezvakaitika kare.
Where is Hagia Sophia?
Chiratidzo chakakurumbira cheByzantium guru ikozvino inonzi "Museum of Aya-Sophia" uye inowanikwa munharaunda yekare yeSultanahmet - mune imwe nzvimbo yekare yeTurkey Istanbul.
Ndiani akavaka Hagia Sophia?
Nhoroondo yekereke yeSt. Sophia yakatanga muchitanhatu chekutanga chezana remakore rechina pakutonga kweMambo weRoma, Constantine Mukuru - muvambi weguta guru reumambo hwaConstantinople. Muna 1380 Mambo Theodosius I akapa kereke kuvaKristu veOrthodox uye akagadza Archbishop Gregory muTeoloji. Kakawanda kereke yakaparadzwa semugumisiro wemoto uye yakakonzerwa nekudengenyeka kwenyika. Muna 1453, Temberi yaHagia Sophia yakashandurwa ikava musikisi, mina mina uye mabheti akavakwa pedyo nayo, achichinja zvachose kuonekwa kwechimiro chekugadzira, uye akafukidza temberi murals. Mushure mokunge Hagia Sophia yaziviswa musamuziyamu, vakagadzirisa zvidimbu zvepasta kubva kune frescoes yakawanda uye mavara.
Architecture of Hagia Sophia
Somugumisiro wezvakawanda zvekugadzirisa nekudzorerwa kubva pachivakwa chepakutanga, zvisingaiti chinhu chakasara. Asi kazhinji, chivakwa chechimiro chakakwirira chakachengetedza zvinhu zvinowanikwa muByzantine uhu: humwe hukuru hunobwinya hwekunaka. Nhasi, Hagia Sophia muTurkey igadziriro ye quadrangular inoumba maruva matatu. Iyo basilica yakavezwa korona nedome guru rine masvingo makumi mana akatsigirwa nemikoroni yakawanda ye malachite uye porphyry. Muchikamu chepamusoro chemadime makumi mana, uyezve, mahwindo mashanu ari munharaunda imwe neimwe. Simba rinoshamisa uye simba remasvingo, maererano neyanyanzvi, rinopiwa nechikonzero chokuti kubuda kwemashizha emadota kwakawedzerwa kumarara.
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Chinyorwa chinonyanya kukoshesa mukatikati kwekodhedral: tsanangudzo yemarombo emarombo, mavara emhando yepamusoro padenga regoridhe, rwiyo rwemifananidzo pamadziro, kuratidza zvinyorwa zvebhaibheri uye zvezvakaitika, pamwe nemaruva emaruva. Mune mifananidzo inoitwa maawa matatu ekufambisa kwechimiro ichi chimiro chakanyatsosiyaniswa, chinoratidzwa nezvishamiso zvekushandisa ruvara uye kugadzira mufananidzo.
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Zviratidzo zvetemberi ndeye 8 jasper columns yemusana wekusavaraira, wakaunzwa kamwe kubva mutemberi yaAtemisi muEfeso , uye iyo yakakurumbira "chitubu chekuchema". Maererano nekutenda, kana iwe ukabata gomba iri mumutsetse wakavharwa nematanda emhangura uye panguva imwechete uchinzwa kuvapo kwehutu, ipapo chishuwo chakavanzika chichazadzika zvechokwadi.
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Chimiro chaAiya-Sophia inosanganiswa nemifananidzo yechiratidzo chechiKristu, Jesu Kristu, Amai vaMwari, vatsvene, vaporofita vekare vekare uye mazwi ekuKoran, ari pamusoro pehove huru. Kunyanya kufarira ndezvinyorwa zvakaitwa pamapuranga ematombo kwemazana emakore akawanda. Vakuru vekare ndivo vaScandinavia vanomhanya, vakasara neVarriors-Varangians muMiddle Ages. Iye zvino ivo vakafukidzwa nezvinhu zvakadzama-zvakasvibirira zvinyorwa zvakachengetedza zvinyorwa zvemusikisi kubva pamusika.
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Mumakore achangobva kupfuura, kambani yakakura yakaitwa kuti idzore Hagia Sophia kuChristian Orthodox, sezvayakaronga pakutanga. VaKristu munyika dzakawanda zvenyika vanobatana nemirairo yekudzorera temberi yekare kuOrthodoxy, kuitira kuti vatendi vane mukana wokunyengetera muchechi.