Nyaya yemaguta akazara pasi pose inosanganisira misha mikuru, yezvakatipoteredza iyo inosangana nemhepo yakawanda ... Dambudziko iri ibasa re Blacksmith Institute - sangano rekutsvakurudza risina purofiti muUnited States. Saka, ngatitsvakei kuti ndeipi guta rave rakasvibiswa muhutano hwe2013.
Pamusoro gumi gumi dzakashata maguta munyika
- Panzvimbo yokutanga pakasvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza ndiyo inonyanyisa chiKukraine Chernobyl . Zvinhu zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona zvakakandirwa mumhepo semugumisiro wechipupuriro che technogenic mugore ra1986 chave kuchikanganisa zvakasikwa munzvimbo ino. Nzvimbo yekuparadzanisa yakatambanudzwa kwema 30 km kumativi eChernobyl.
- MuNorilsk ndiyo yakakura huru metallurgical yenyika, iyo inokanda toni yezvinhu zvinosvibisa mumhepo. Cadmium, mutungamiri, nickel, zinc, arsenic nedzimwe tsvina zvinopisa mweya pamusoro peguta, avo vagari varo vari kurwara nezvirwere zvokufema. Uyezve, hapana chitubu chinopukunyuka mudenga rema50 km kumativi eNewilsk factory zone, iyo inotungamirira mutsara yemaguta gumi akazara muRussia (munzvimbo yechipiri ndiyo Moscow ).
- Dzerzhinsk iguta duku riri muNizhny Novgorod nzvimbo yeRussia. Pano pane mafekitari emakemikari emakambani, anosvibisa mhepo uye mamiriro emvura emunharaunda. Dambudziko guru guru risina kugadziriswa reDzerzhinsk ndiko kushandiswa kwemarara emabhizimisi (phenol, sarin, dioxin), nokuti, nokuda kwezvinhu zvakasikwa zviripo, kuwedzera kwehupfumi muguta racho kwakakwirira kudarika kuberekwa. Zvakakosha kuti Dniprodzerzhinsk imwe yemaguta akaoma kwazvo muUkraine.
- Emissions yekufambisa - dambudziko reguta rekumigodhi reLa Oroya , iri muPeru. Iko katatu yakakwirira kudarika chimiro, iyo inobata zvikuru hutano hwevagari veguta racho. Uye, kunyange mumakore achangopfuura kusvibiswa kwacho kwakaderera, kuwanda kwezvinhu zvinosvibisa munzvimbo iri pedyo nemiti zvinenge zvichisvibisa mhando yemakore akawanda ari kuuya. Izvi zvinowedzera kuwedzera kuburikidza nekushayikwa kwematanho ekuchenesa nzvimbo yacho.
- Guta guru reChinese reTianjin nderimwe chezvinhu zvinoshandiswa mumaguta ekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinorema. Nzvimbo dzekutakura dzakakura kwazvo zvokuti dzinopindira mumvura uye nevhu muhuwandu hwakawanda, ndicho chikonzero kunyange michero yemitemo yenharaunda ino ine yakawanda yemutobvu, kazhinji pane yakakwirira kudarika. Asi nekuda kwekururamisira kunokosha kuziva kuti nyika iri kuedza zvikuru kurwisa kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.
- Mhepo iri paGomo reLinfien yakasvibiswa zvikuru nemakemikari aripo anogadzirwa mushure mekupisa moto. Iyi ndiyo mhosho yemigodhi yemitemo uye yemitemo inowanikwa muLinfyn. Nenzira, imwe yemaguta akaputa muChinese ndeyeBeijing, iyo iyo nguva dzose inogara ichigunzva smog yellow.
- Nzvimbo yakakura yekodhi yechrome ore muIndia iri kuSuinda . Kuva nengozi yakawanda, chrome inopinda kunyange mumvura inonwa mvura ino, inoita kuti utachiona huve hutachiwana hwevanhu. Uye chinosuruvarisa zvikuru, hapana kurwisana nekusvibiswa kwezvinhu zvakapoteredza.
- Rimwe guta reIndia, "rakakurumbira" nokuda kwekusvibiswa kwayo, ndiVapi . Inowanikwa munzvimbo yekushanda kumaodzanyemba kwenyika. Mazamu ezvigadzirwa zvinorema ndeye denda chaiyo munharaunda iyi, nokuti zvinyorwa zve mercury mumvura pano pano mazana emakore zvakakwirira kupfuura mvumo inobvumirwa.
- Nyika yechitatu yenyika inotamburawo nehurombo hwezvisikwa-kunyanya, Zambia. Nharaunda yeKabwe munyika ino ine mahombekiti makuru ekutungamirira, kushanda nesimba kunokonzera kukuvadza kusingagoneki kuvanhu vemo. Kunyange zvakadaro, mamiriro ezvinhu apa ari nani zvikuru kupfuura mune mamwe maguta, anozivikanwa semhepo yakashata, nokuti yekuchenesa Kabwe, World Bank yakagovera madhora makumi mana emadhora.
- MuAzerbaijan, kumativi eguta reSumgait , inharaunda yakakura inoshandiswa nemashamba emagetsi. Aya makemikari akatanga kuvhara nzvimbo yemabhizimisi kunyange munguva dzeSoviet Union. Nhasi vazhinji vavo havasisiri kushanda, asi matongo anoenderera mberi kutyisa ivhu nemvura.
Mukuwedzera kune gumi, maguta anonyanya kupisa pasi pano ariwo Cairo, New Delhi, Accra, Baku nevamwe, uye muEurope - Paris, London neAtene.