Iko kushongedzwa kwenzvimbo chero ipi zvayo hakusi kungofananidzwa chete nemiti yakasvibirira, asiwo igwenzi rakagadzirwa zvakanaka. Zvisinei, nekutangira kwekutanga kwemazuva ekupedzisira, zvinogona kuitika kuti nzvimbo iyi haina kunaka. Mushure mekusimbisa kutarisira kwakanaka kwebwenzi shure kwechando, iwe uchawana kucheneswa kwakanaka pedyo neimba.
Nzira yekuchengetera sei uswa shure kwechando?
Munguva yechando pamusvetsi inogona kuonekwa nzvimbo dzine chando chepaiti. Munharaunda idzi, kana dzakasvibiswawo, mvura inosvibiswa inoputika mukati megore uye nyika yakanyorova, ichioma pasina. Kuchengetedza izvi kuti zvirege kuitika, kutarisira kwekuchera kwechitsva ndiko kushambadzira kwechando munzvimbo yese. Ichando chechando pasi pasi chinofanira kunyatsoputsika. Mukuwedzera, pamagumo echando zvinoda kuchenesa zvose groove uye mvura yekuyerera kwekukurumidza kunyura kwemvura yakanyauka.
Kuchengetedza nzvimbo yakakura yakashambira zvakaoma kuita kunze kwekubatsirwa kwevanyanzvi. Zvisinei, kudonhedzwa kuduku kunogona kupiwa maitiro ekushongedza uye kuzvimirira. Chitubu chinoshanda mumunda chinogona kutangwa nokukurumidza apo chando chinoburuka uye iyo turf inonyunguduka. Zvisinei, kana yakangotanga kutanga kufamba pamusana, kana nyika isiri yakanyarara, zvino inogona kusiya kusava nehanya. Saka, iwe unofanira kusarudza nguva yakakwana yeizvi, uye ipapo uswa shure kwechando huchava zvakare huri ruvara, hwakanaka uye rwakanaka.
Kusvetwa kwegomba shure kwechando
Kunyatsotarisirwa kwakadaro kwegwenzi muchero kunofungidzirwa kuti ndiro basa rakaoma uye risina basa. Zvisinei, munhu haagoni kuita pasina kusangana, nokuti kutarisirwa kwayo kunobva pakuonekwa kwegwenzi rakasvibirira. Mashizha egore rapera uye uswa hwechando hunosakara mumvura yakaoma yakaoma, iyo isingabvumi kukura kweuswa huduku. Nokuputika kwake, shandisa maitiro akasiyana-shanduka kana fan fan ematanda akaoma. Svetera mutsva kusvikira uswa hukatanga kukura pairi. Zvakanakisisa kuita makadhi mumativi maviri - kumativi ose pamwe chete. Yese marara inofanira kubviswa kubva panzvimbo.
Kudyara uswa shure kwechando
Dzimwe nguva vadzidzisi, mushure mekuongorora nzvimbo yacho, vanoona uswa hwakavharwa shure kwechando neine mazhenje, izvo zvingaita munyaya iyi - vanofarira. Kana uswa huri munzvimbo idzi vyprel, unofanirwa kuupedza uchidyara. Sarudza mbeu yemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzinokura pamusana uye pamwe chete dzigozviparadzira munzvimbo dzisina chinhu, kusasa kumusoro nechepakati pevhu kana pasi. Famba panzvimbo idzi ne-fan rakes, zvichiita kuti uwedzere kusangana kwevhu uye mbeu. Kana ivhu rakaoma, rinofanira kunwa mvura nguva dzose. Kuchengetedza kwakadaro kunonyanya kuitwa mushure mekusangana, izvo zvinowedzera kukura kwembeu yeuswa.
Kuchengetwa kwegorosi muchitsime - fertilizer
Kuti zvive nekuvandudza kukura kweuswa, rudzi urwu rwekuchengetedza runoitwa, sekuita kudyara uswa shure kwechando. Nokuda kweizvi, manyowa eine nitrogen yakagadzirwa anoshandiswa . Mukuwedzera, inofanira kunge ine phosphorus. Zviri nyore kuti ushande nemushonga unogadziriswa, unoshandiswa kana uchidiridza ivhu. Iyo inosvika nokukurumidza kusvika pamidzi, uye uswa hunotanga kuoneka huchienda huri ruvara. Mushonga mugranules kana mupfu inopararira munzvimbo yose yemvura. Dzimwe nguva manyowa akaomeswa akapararira pazhizha rekupedzisira, uye apo inenge yakanyunguduka, iyo fertilizer ichakurumidza kupinda muvhu.
Ndeipi nguva yekuchera uswa shure kwechando?
Varimi vasina ruzivo vachange vachida kuziva nguva yekuchera uswa pamucheka. Kutanga kokutanga kwegwenzi shure kwechando kunowanikwa kumavambo May. Panguva ino, zviyero zvose zvinodiwa pakudzorerwa kwezvirimwa, zvinofanira kunge zvatoitwa. Iko kunofanirwa kudyara uswa panzvimbo ino kusvika kune yakakwirira ye-5 cm.Iyo haisati yakurudzirwa kubvisa ruvara rwevhu pakutanga kugadzira mutsvuku, asi bvudzi rakanyorova rakadaro rinobatsira kuchengetedza uswa hwakasvibira kubva pakupisa kunze kwechando chezuva. Mune ramangwana, unogona kutema uswa uye pasi. Kudyara uswa kunonyanya kuunganidzwa mune imwe nzvimbo travosbornik.
Ndeipi kutanga kutsirira uswa shure kwechando?
Kudiridza uswa kunofanirwa nemamiriro ekunze asinganzwisisiki uye kusvibiswa kunobatanidzwa kwemhepo. Kuchengetera uswa shure kwechando mumhando yekudiridza kunonyanya kuitwa mangwanani-ngwanani. Paunenge uchidiridza zuva, unyoro hunokurumidza kuputika uye kupisa kweuswa kunogona kuitika, uye kunwa manheru kunogona kubatsira pakuitika kwezvirwere pamusana nekuda kwekudzikira kwepasi uye kunyorova kunopisa. Kunyanya kunwisa uswa pamucheka kunokosha uye mushure mokushandisa fertilizer. Asi mushure mokugadzira mishonga yemishonga yemvura yakasvibirira kuti inamate uswa hwekanguva haufaniri kuva.
Mushure mekudiridza kana kunaya, ivhu riri pamucheka rinova nyore. Panguva ino, zvinokwanisika kuita zvakadai mushure mechando sechaeration. Iyi nzira yekuroora sod inokurudzira zvakanakisisa kugadziriswa kweokisijeni, unyoro uye mishonga kumudzi wevhu weuswa. Mhepo inofanira kushandiswa kamwechete pagore. Kuti basa ribvirire kushandisa shanduro yakagara yakazara, inokosha "aeration sandals", iyo chete iyo yakagadzirwa nemapanga. Paunenge uchitarira gwenzi guru, verticulum ine motokari yemagetsi inoshandiswa.
Zvirwere zvegwenzi shure kwechando
Kusagamuchirwa kwemamiriro okunze kunogona kukonzera zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvegwenzi, uye kubviswa kwaro nekudzoka kunotora nguva yakawanda uye simba. Nokudaro, zvakakosha kuona nguva uye kuita zviito zvekudzivirira kupararira kwechirwere. Nokuda kweuswa uswa, zvirwere izvi zvinogona kuva nengozi:
- Snow mold kana fusariosis - inoratidzika semativi ose e-silvery color. Uswa hunotarisa sehupfu uye nechando. Pashure penguva, miriwo inosva, kuwana ruvara rwemashizha. Kubvisa chirwere chacho kwakaoma zvikuru. Nzvimbo dzakakanganiswa dzinotemwa uye dzinopiswa, uye ivhu rinorapwa nefungicides.
- Rust. Panzvimbo pauswa hunoiswa pustules red-brown-ruvara, iyo kubva kure yakaita sedhonya. Kana ukacherechedza mavara akadai - shandisa nzvimbo idzi fungicide, uye chengetedza uswa hwehutachiwana hwezuva nezuva.
- Cortical chirwere kana kuti pink mosaic. Pasi pauswa hunoita ruvara rutsvuku kana ruvara rwemazhizha kumativi ose. Zvinogona kudzivirira kutaridzika kwechirwere kuburikidza nekuchengeta kutarisira kwakanaka kwegwenzi rakasvibirira mushure mechando. Uye kana pane zviratidzo zvekurwara, unofanira kutora nzvimbo yakakanganiswa ne systemic fungicide.
Kusvetwa kwechando mushure mechando chave chakashanduka chikoro - chii chaunofanira kuita?
Kana ukawana mavara machena pamusana pashure pechando, zvino pangava nezvikonzero zvakasiyana zveizvi:
- Kusina nitrogen nesimbi muvhu. Mamiriro acho anogona kugadziriswa nekuisa nitrogen fertilizer.
- Kusanwa kwakakwana, kunyanya panguva inopisa.
- Migumisiro yekushanyira mucheka wako nemakati kana imbwa. Mikemikari yemuguta wemhuka inokuvadza pamiti yose. Sezvo uchinge wawana tsvina dzakadaro pamucheka uswa, zvinodikamwa kuti ufukidze nzvimbo idzi nemvura kana kuti kugadzirisa nzvimbo yakakanganiswa.