Vaya vanoverenga inoverengeka yaMark Twain "Tom Sawyer" zvichida yeuka kuti munhu mukuru anorota sei nekufa kwake, kukakavadzana nainini vake. Akanyatsofungidzira kushungurudzika kwaaizova uye kwehupenyu hwake hwose akazvipomera mhosva yekufa kwe "mukomana akanaka" akadaro. Muhutano hwekuzviuraya, chiito ichi chinotaridzirwa semafungiro maviri pamusoro pekufa nekuve. Kazhinji mwana wechidiki anoona rufu, senzira yekutungamira kune vanhu vakuru uye haaone kusakanganiswa kwemigumisiro.
Kuzviuraya kwehupenyu hwevana kwakakosha munguva yedu. Vabereki nevadzidzisi vanofanira kubhadhara zvakananga kuzviito zvevechiri kuyaruka munguva yekuziva zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekuzviuraya.
Zviratidzo zvekuzviuraya
Kuzviuraya kwechiri kuyaruka kunogona kusanganisira:
- pfungwa pamusoro pekusakosha kwehupenyu;
- kufungidzira kwekufa;
- inotaura nezvechido chokufa ("Ndinorwara nezvose", "ini handidi kurarama");
- muchechi anowedzera kufarira munyaya dzekufa (mabhuku, maforamu uye masangano evanhu, masangano asina kukodzera ari kukura kuzviuraya).
Kazhinji kacho, vechidiki vanoda kuratidza kuzviuraya kuitira kuti vakwekwe. Kubudirira kwekuzviuraya kunogona kutotanga nekutambudzika kunoratidzika nekunzwa kusuruvara, pfungwa yekushushikana uye kusurukirwa, kugadziriswa kwezvinhu zviduku, kufambidzana, utsinye kune vanhu vakuru, kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka uye zvinodhaka. Kuita kwakadaro kunosanganisira kuzviuraya kwechokwadi , kusati kwamboitika. Dzimwe mhando dzekuzviuraya dzinosanganisira kuzviuraya kwakavanzika , umo mwana wechidiki anosarudza "kuzviuraya": kupinda mumapoka ane ngozi, kutyaira zvinotyisa, mitambo ine ngozi, madhiragi. Kazhinji kacho, vechidiki vanofarira kuita kuzviuraya , umo kuzviuraya kunoita sekukurukurirana, nerubatsiro rwomwana wechidiki anoda kutaura uye kunzwisiswa.
Zvinokonzera kuzviuraya
- Ikoshesa kukosha muhupenyu hwevechiri kuyaruka. Zvinowanzotarisana nekugadzirisa kurwisana kwe rudo (kuita kuti mumwe munhu akakanganisa kupfidza, tora mumwe munhu kuti afunge nezvomumwe anozvida, nezvimwewo).
- Rega kukakavadzana nevabereki. Kazhinji kazhinji maitiro ekuremekedza ekurera, apo vechidiki vanoratidzwa nemitemo, vanoita kukakavadzana uye vanowedzera pfungwa yekuzviuraya. Uyewo ,wo ruzivo rwemhando yezvidzidzo runogona kuita kuti wechidiki ave nepfungwa yekuzviuraya kuitira kuti vabereki vanomuteerera.
- Kusanzwisisa kuchikoro. Vachiri kuyaruka vasina ruzivo rwekudzidza vanopesana nevadzidzisi nevatongi. Mukomana ari kutungamirirwa nekudikanwa kwekuzviremekedza, mukutsvaga kwakanaka, mukukurukurirana, kushayikwa kunogona kuita kuti chido chekufa.
Njodzi dzinokonzera kuzviuraya
Havasi vose vari kuyaruka vanowanzozvipira kuzviita, uye vazhinji veavo vanozvipira vanogona kuonekwa kune mamwe mapoka ematambudziko.
- vari kuyaruka vakanga vaine chiedza chakanga chisati chapera chokuzviuraya;
- vechidiki vakanga vane mhosva dzekuzviuraya mumhuri;
- kudhakwa nekudhakwa kwezvinodhaka;
- vari kuyaruka vane zvinetso zvepfungwa uye kuora mwoyo;
- vari kuyaruka vane zvirwere zvakakomba kana zvisingaperi;
- Vechidiki vakaponesa kurasikirwa kwevanhu vashoma kana vanokosha;
- vechidiki, vakapukunyuka zvechisimba;
- vari kuyaruka kubva kumatambudziko uye mhuri dzine mubereki ari oga.
Nzira dzokukunda kukuzviuraya
Kuyaruka kunoratidzwa nekuramba zvakakwana rubatsiro rwevabereki, vadzidzisi uye vadzidzisi. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuongororwa kwekuzviuraya kwevechiri kuyaruka kune