Dzimwe nguva kukwanisa kwevanhu kunzwisisa vanhu vari pedyo naye kunomubatsira zvikuru muupenyu. Anokwanisa kufanotaura maitiro evamwe uye ake pachavo mumamiriro akasiyana uye anoziva mafungiro nemafungiro zvichienderana nemashoko uye asingatauri kutaura. Zvose izvi zvipo zvinosarudza izvo zvinodanwa huchenjeri hwemagariro evanhu.
Chii chinonzi kuchenjera kwevanhu?
Unyanzvi hwemagariro evanhu ruzivo uye unyanzvi hunoona kubudirira kwekubatana, rudzi rwechipo chinobatsira vanhu nyore nyore pamwe nevanhu uye havapindi mumamiriro ezvinhu anonyadzisa. Iyo pfungwa inowanzozivikanwa nemafungiro epfungwa, asi kazhinji vatsvakurudzi vanovaona vachienda zvakafanana. Muchirevo chekuchenjera kwevanhu kune zvikamu zvitatu:
- Dzimwe nyanzvi dzezvemagariro evanhu dzinozvisiyanisa mumhando yakasiyana yemafungiro, ruzivo rwekuziva, uye kuisa par par ruzivo, mazwi uye mathematical mazano, nezvimwewo.
- Icho rumwe rutivi rwechiitiko ichi ruzivo rwechokwadi, matarenda anowanikwa mukugadzirwa kwevanhu.
- Tsanangudzo yechitatu ndeyeunhu hunhu hunokosha, hunofambisa kufambidzana kubudirira uye kugadziriswa muboka.
Social Intelligence mu Psychology
Muna 1920, Edward Lee Thorndike akaisa pfungwa dzepfungwa mupfungwa yehutano hwevanhu. Akamuona seuchenjeri muhukama hwehukama, izvo zvinonzi "kutarisa mberi." Mumabasa anotevera vakanyori vakadai saG. Allport, F. Vernon, O. Comte, M. Bobneva naVan Kunitsyn, uye vamwe vakapindira mukududzirwa kwezwi SI. Akawana maitiro akadai se:
- kukwanisa kuwirirana nevanhu uye kunzwisisa mafungiro eboka;
- kuzvimiririra kubva kune unyanzvi. factor;
- kuumbwa kweunyanzvi munguva yekushamwaridzana;
- mukana wekuzviona iwe nemaziso evamwe;
- pasi rose mano, yakagadzirirwa kusangana nemamiriro ekutaurirana.
Nhamba dzehutano hwevanhu
Sezvo atsigira basa rehuchenjeri hwevanhu mune zvehupfumi hunoshandiswa, masayendisiti akatanga kufunga izvo zvakakosha pakuziva kwevanhu uye izvo vanhu vanezvo. Pakati pezana remakore rechimakumi maviri, J. Guilford akatanga chirongwa chekutanga, akakwanisa kuenzanisa SI. Tichifunga nezvemiganho yakadai sekuoma kwebasa racho, kukurumidza uye kutanga kwechigadziriswa, munhu anogona kutaura kana munhu ari munzanga. Pamusoro pekuvapo kwehutano hwakanaka hwehutano hwevanhu hunoti kubudirira kwezviito mumatunhu akasiyana. Kubudirira kunogadzira huwandu hwezvikamu zveS SI:
- chiyero - maitiro emagariro, kushanda muupenyu hwemazuva ese;
- unhu hunoparadza, hunogona kuparadza kunyange zvakakanganisika zvakanyanya mamiriro ezvinhu;
- akakwirira -unyanzvi hwokukurukurirana, kutungamirirwa kwevanhu, kukwanisa kutora dambudziko rechinetso chero chipi zvacho.
Kukurukurirana kwevanhu
Masvomhu ehupenyu ndeyekuti vanhu vanowanzosangana nemabasa akaoma. Avo vanogona kuzvigadzirisa, vabuda vachikunda. Unyanzvi hwemagariro evanhu uye hwepfungwa hwakakwirira kana munhu ane chido uye mano okufunga. Munhu anokanganisa vanhu anogara ari mutungamiri. Inoita kuti vashori vachinje mafungiro avo, zvitendero, pfungwa; dzinokurumidza kugadzirisa ruzivo rwakagamuchirwa uye runogadzirisa dambudziko, kuwana mhinduro dzakarurama munguva pfupi.
Kunzwisisa kwevanhu
Kana munhu ane uwandu hwakadzika hwehutano hwevanhu, hupenyu hwake huzere nezvinetso zvinowanzoonekwa nega uye kunyanya kuburikidza nemhosva yake. Vanhu vasingakwanisi kusarudza vector yekuzvibata, kuita maitiro nemafungiro. Vanonyatsotendeuka nevamwe, nokuti vanogona kukanganisa pamudzi wekunzwira tsitsi kunotangira uye kuparadza ukama nevanhu vanokosha. Uye zvinetso zvinotanga mukukurukurirana, vanhu vasina kudzidza vanogona kukunda chete nemumwe munhu rubatsiro uye kubatsira.
Nzira yekukudziridza njere dzevanhu?
Vanhu vazhinji vane hanya nezvekuvandudzika kwehuchenjeri hwevanhu, semukana wekusimudza mararamiro avo munzanga. Nokuda kweizvi zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti chimiro chechiitiko ichi chinosanganisirei. Chimiro chekushungurudzika kwevanhu chinoshandiswa nemamiriyoni uye rine zvinhu zvakadai sokuti:
- mukana weumwe munhu - kusangana, kufanana nevamwe vanhu;
- kuzvidzora, kusavapo kwezvipingamupinyi uye kusaregererwa zvivako;
- societal modeling. phenomena;
- kunzwisisa kwezvinangwa zvevanhu uye maitiro avo.
Kusimudza bhar yehutano hwevanhu, zvakakosha kuvandudza ruzivo rweumwe uye kubvisa dzimwe tsika dzinopesana nehukama hwevanhu. Chinhu chekutanga chokutanga ndechokuti uende mberi kweegoism uye tendeuka kune vamwe vanhu, kureva kuti, kuwedzera kukugamuchira kwako. Zvingave zvinobatsira kudzidza kuita zvinhu zvinotevera:
- kunzwisisa mutauro wemuviri;
- verenga manzwiro;
- kuti abate mafungiro emudzimai;
- teerera uye unzwe;
- ita zvako pachako manzwiro;
- kuti aite zviri pachena pasina kushamisika.
Njere dzevanhu - mabhuku
Kuti unzwisise chinangwa chekuchenjera kwevanhu, iwe unogonawo kuziva mabhuku ari munyaya iyi. Iri basa pamusoro pepfungwa nemagariro evanhu, mabasa, anotaura nezvematambudziko evanhu, uyewo nzira dzokugadzirisa nadzo. Zvinobatsira kuziva zviitiko zvakadai se:
- Guilford J., "Mapoka matatu euchenjeri," 1965.
- Kunitsyna VN, "Unyanzvi hwemagariro evanhu uye hutano hwevanhu: hurongwa, mabasa, hukama", 1995.
- Albrecht K., "Social Intelligence. Sayenzi yehutano hwekubudirira kushamwaridzana nevamwe ", 2011.