Kunyangarika kunonoka vana vari kutambura nekuvhiringidzwa kwekuvandudzwa kwepfungwa dzepfungwa nekuda kwehutano hwehuropi.
Vana vanokanganisa vana-zvikonzero
Kuora mwoyo kwepfungwa kunokonzera kusangana kwepabonde kana kuwanikwa muuropi. Congenital anomalies inoratidzika semugumisiro wekuvhiringidza kwezvinhu zvinokuvadza pamucheche mudumbu. Inogona kuva:
- kushungurudzika, kudhakwa, kunwa doro kweamai;
- kusava nekudya kwakanaka mumukadzi ane pamuviri;
- intrauterine infection;
- matambudziko ehomoni muvakadzi vane pamuviri;
- amai vane ramangwana remishonga inotyisa;
- kusawirirana kweR Rh chikonzero cheamai nevana vevana;
- genetic factor.
Kuwana maitiro echirwere anobuda nekuda kwekukuvadza panguva uye shure kwekusununguka:
- kukuvara kwemagetsi uye kukuvara kwemucheche panguva yekuzvarwa;
- kudzivisa kufema, kana kuti asphyxia mumwana akazvarwa;
- zvirwere zvinotapukira mugore rekutanga rehupenyu (meningitis, poliomyelitis, encephalitis, fluenza, mashesi);
- zvinotambudza hukama hwehupenyu hwehupenyu nekushaiwa kwekukurukurirana.
Zviratidzo zvemwana akaora mwoyo mupfungwa
Kutadza kwepfungwa hakusi chirwere, asi chirwere chemwana. Pakutanga, pane kushayikwa kwekuvandudzwa kwebasa reunyanzvi. Saka, somuenzaniso, kutaura kwevana vanokanganisa mupfungwa zvishoma uye zvisina kururama, kufamba kwekuziva kunonoka. Kusiyanisa mukutaura kwemashoko nekunzwa kunoitika kunonoka. Duramazwi remwana, seakarurama, rakanyanya kuderera uye harina kukwana. Nezvekuyeuka kwevana vanokanganisa mupfungwa, inenge isina simba uye inoshanda zvishoma nezvishoma, iyo inozviratidza mukudzidza kwenguva refu kwechitsva. Vanogona kuyeuka mushure mekudzokorora kudzokorora, asi vana vanokurumidza kukanganwa mashoko aya, uyewo havagoni kushandisa zvidzidzo zvakawanikwa. Nharaunda yakaderera yekuvandudza kwekufunga kwevana vane pfungwa dzakangodaro inobatanidza nekududzirwa kwekutaura. Nemhaka yeizvi, mwana wacho anowedzera huwandu hwekupa pfungwa, naizvozvo imwe nzira yekufunga inowanikwa. Saizvozvowo, kufunga kwemashoko-kwakanaka, kunoda kuti kushandiswa kwekuongorora, kuitisa, kuenzanisa, kusanyatsogadzirwa. Nokuda kweizvi, dzidzo yevana vanopererwa mupfungwa inonetsa: zvakaoma kuti mwana wechikoro aidzidzise mitemo yechikoro, avashandise, uye agadzirise zvinetso zvemasvomhu.
Kana tichitaura pamusoro pehupfungwa hwevana vanokanganisa mupfungwa, kazhinji zvinogoneka kutarisa kuchinja kwakakomba mumanzwiro avo: kukanganisa kukuru kunowanzoshandiswa nekusafarira. Kune chido chisina simba munyika inenge yakapoteredza, uye kusangana nehama kunogadziriswa. Hapana chikonzero uye kukwanisa kukurukura nevezera rako. Muhutano hwevana vanodzingiswa mupfungwa pane kusagadzikana, kutya, kusava nekutangisa, kushushikana uye kuderera kwekuratidzwa kwemazwi.
Vana vakadaro vakapatsanurwa mumapoka matatu:
- Matambudziko anoshevedza vana vane zvinyoro zvishoma zvekudzokera shure. Vanogona kunge vakarovedzwa, zvisinei, mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana, sezvo hukuru hwekuziva hunoitika huri kusimbiswa. Vanodzidza nokuverenga, kuverenga, kunyora, kutaura.
- Imbeciles inonzi vana vakangwara vakaora mwoyo, avo vasina basa rakazara rakazvimirira. Vanokanganisa kutaura kwavo, zvisina kufanira kuvaka mitsetse. Unowana humwe unyanzvi hwekumba, asi unoda kutarisirwa.
- Idiots vana vane pfungwa dzakadzika dzakaderera, vasingakwanisi kutaura kutaura kana kunzwisisa mumwe munhu. Vanogona kungoita zvido zvekunze, zvichida hazvifambi uye zvinofanira kugara zvichitarisirwa.
Socialization yevana vanokanganisa pfungwa
Zvinosuruvarisa, munyika yemazuva ano ndiyo tsika yekuparadzanisa vana vanochera mupfungwa kubva kune vamwe vose. Kazhinji kazhinji vanodzidza uye vakadzidziswa mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakasarudzwa, izvo hazvingaiti mavari kufarira vanhu vakavapoteredza. Zvechokwadi, nokuda kwekusimudzirwa kwemwana akaora mwoyo mupfungwa, zvinobatsira zvikuru kugara mumusha, sezvo ndiyo iyo iyo yaanoda kutaurirana nevamwe vanhu, kudzidza unyanzvi hunodiwa, inowedzera kushanda. Kutaura kwavo uye kunzwisisa kwekutaura kwevamwe kwakagadziridzwa zviri nani.