- Mutsara: Gungwa Rakafa, Israel;
- Nzvimbo: 22 km²;
- Nzvimbo yakakwirira: mamita 900 pamusoro pegungwa;
- Pasi apa: 50 m;
- Kutarisa: zvakasiyana-siyana zvakagadzirwa nemakwenzi, mapako, masvingo ane masada, nzvimbo yakarongeka yeQumran, pamwe chete nematunhu ekare.
Vazhinji vachashamisika kuona nyika yeJudhesi muzvinyorwa zvezvikamu zveIsrael . Zvinotaridzika kuti pangave kune imwe inofadza pakati pekukurumidza uye zvinyoro zvisingatauriki matombo? Kutaura zvazviri, kune mazana emapuzzle ekare, nzvimbo dzinobatanidzwa nenhoroondo yakare, nzvimbo dzechiKristu nechekuchera matongo, kuti rwendo rwunopinda murenje reJudhiya harisi sekunakidza uye ruremekedzo zvachose.
Geographical and geological features of the Desert Judith
- nzvimbo - 22 km²;
- nzvimbo yakakwirira ine mamiriyoni 900 pamusoro pegungwa (zvikomo zveJudhiya Mountains);
- nzvimbo yakaderera ndeye -50 mamita (makomo pamuganhu neGungwa Rakafa );
- gwenga rinobva kumaodzanyemba, zvishoma kumaodzanyemba kubva kuJerusarema , rinotenderera rakamanikana kusvika kumahombekombe eHebhuroni;
- mumamiriro ezvinhu erenje reJudhiya rakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu: kumadokero, pakati nekumabvazuva;
- bhanhire rekumavirazuva rakapfuma mune maruva, raisanganisira kusima ivhu uye kuitisa zvekurima (izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti ivhu iri munharaunda ino idomine yakaoma uye yakasviba yakawanda uye inowanikwa mumvura yakakwana);
- Nharaunda inokosha ine ivhu risina mvura kubva kune mhepo yakanyorova, saka pano unogona kuwana huta husingawaniki hunofu uye zviduku zvisinganzwisisiki shrubs (panguva yemvura isingawanzi mvura inobva kumucheto yakadzika inongoyerera ichienda kumucheto kumabvazuva kwerenje);
- kumabvazuva kusunungurwa kwerenje kunosvibiswa nemakungwa akadzika nemakango, pane zvitubu zvakawanda.
Mamiriro okunze, maruva nemhuka
Sezvimwe mune gwenga, nyika yeJudha yakaoma uye inopisa. Muzhizha, korome ye thermometer inokwira kusvika ku40-50 ° C. Saka, kana uchienda pano, iva nechokwadi chekuchengeta mvura uye usakanganwa pamusoro pemusoro wemusoro.
Iwe unogona kupinda mumvura, asi munguva yechando chete. Zvichida zvichida munaJanuary. Mvura inowanzoitika kumadokero kwegwenga (kusvika ku 300 mm yemvura gore), kaviri kaviri kumabvazuva (100 mm pagore).
Kuvapo kwezvitubu nenzvimbo dzevhu dzakanaka zvinokonzera maruva nemafuta zvakakosha zveDheni reJudea. Pano unogona kuwana madhimoni, chamois, ingwe, makomo emakomo uye kunyange mumiriri wemhuka yakasiyana-siyana-yakasviba (nyoka). Munharaunda yekumadokero uye pedyo nematsime ematsime anokura mhashu uye pistachio miti, hawthorn.
Dhavhidha yeJudhiya - zvitsva
Pasinei nemamiriro okunze akaipa uye kwete mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka ekurarama, nzvimbo ino inopisa uye isina mvura haina kumbobvira isina chinhu. Kunyangwe muzana remakore rechina BC, madzinza ekare aigara pano, sezvinopupurirwa nezvakawanikwa zvekuchera matongo. Yaiva pano iyo mipumburu yakakurumbira yeGungwa Rakafa, yakanyorwa munguva dzisati dzava chiKristu, yakawanikwa, uyewo zvinhu zvakawanda zvakagadzirwa kubva panguva yeEneolithic (bharoni mawande, mitsipa yemvuu, nenyanga dzenzou).
Kutarisa pamufananidzo werenje reJudhiya, zvakaoma kuzvienzanisa nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakakurumbira dzomumhenderekedzo yejecha. Pano pane nzvimbo dzakanaka chaizvo dzine maonero akanaka uye nzvimbo dzakanaka. Kune mitsara yakareba, uye inoputika matsime akajeka, uye mazai anowedzera, uye mazamu akanaka akafananidzwa, nemapako asingazivikanwi (anozivikanwa zvikuru pakati pawo ndeye Wadi Murabbaat, Qumran, Wadi Mishmar, Khirbet-Mirde ).
Sezvo nguva yekare muDhaka reJudhiya yakatsvaga zvinoreva kuva mitsva, mapoka akasiyana-siyana echitendero nemamongi. Mune nzvimbo idzi, David, mutongi wechiJudha anoyevedza, kamwe kamwe asati akwira kuumambo, akavanza kubva pakutambudzwa kwebazvara vake, Mambo Sauro, kamwechete paakawana utiziro hwake.
Pano pane imwe nhoroondo yebhaibheri inobatanidza neJudhiya. Zvinotendwa kuti muKristu mukuru mubhabhatidzi, Johane mubhapatidzi, akararama kwemakore akawanda mumapako erenje uye akabata mhemberero yekutanga yekubhabhatidza mumuromo weRwizi rweJorodhani, iri kuchamhembe-kumaodzanyemba kwemupata.
Chimwe chezvikomborero zvikuru zveIsrael chiri kumabvazuva kweDheni reJudha. Iyi ndiyo nhare yakasimba uye isingagoneki yeMasada - chiratidzo chekusasimba kusingachinji kwe mweya uye chigamba chevaJudha. Pedyo nharaunda yakasikwa yenyika yeQumran , uye kuchamhembe kwayo matongo emisha yekare yeKhirbat-Qumran.
Muchikamu chepakati pegwenga, Mount Muntar inomuka, inozivikanwa nokuda kwekuti munguva yekare yakatamburwa ne "mbudzi dzekuregererwa" - vakaurayiwa nedhimoni. Isu tose tinoziva nezvechirevo chakadai se "scapegoat". Icho chinotarisa kuti chirevo chakadai nemunhu asina mhosva chakabva muJerusarema yekare. Asi mumazuva iwayo mhuka dzakabayirwa kuzvibayira, zviviri-imwe yakaiswa kuna Mwari, uye imwe yacho yakapiwa dhimoni, ichidonhera Muntar kubva pagomo iroro.
Kusiyanisa kwakakodzera kunofanirwa nemamatare ekare erenje reJudhiya. Inonyanyozivikanwa pakati pavo pakati pevashanyi:
- imba yevatariri (yakagadzirirwa muna 340) - nzvimbo iyo Jesu Kristu akapedza mazuva ake makumi mana achitsanya, asingabvumiri kukunyengetedza dhiyabhorosi rakaipa kuti apiwe pfungwa yekuponesa vanhu kune pfuma yose yapasi (iwe unogona kukwira kutemberi iri pamusoro pegomo nebheriri yemotokari);
- iyo imba yevatasvi veSavva Vatsvene (yakatangwa muna 484) - chimwe chezvivako zvishomanana zvematunhu zveJudhiya Desert (iri pasi pe diocese yeThe Jerusalem Orthodox Church);
- iyo monastery yaGeorge Hozevit - yakavakwa muna 520 neyekuAgypt yakagadzika mumupata weWadi Kelt;
- iyo mhonari yeGerasim yeJordani (yakavakwa muna 455) - inosanganiswa nehupfumi nhoroondo uye nhoroondo dzakawanda dzinofadza, iye zvino kune mamiriyoni anenge 30 kubva kunyika dzakasiyana-siyana (kune vagari vanobva kuBulgaria, Cyprus, Greece, Russia, Romania);
- Monastery yeKhayriton-Confesa (yakagadzirirwa muna 330) - muzana remakore rechi20 pane nzvimbo yechechi yakasiyiwa musha wemuSt. Khariton wakagadzirwa, nhasi mumwe chete mhenyu anogara pano.
Ichi chikamu chiduku chiduku chezvinhu zvakachengetedzwa kubva kune vekare vedzimba dzematunhu. Muchengeti wezvokuchera matongo Izhar Hirschfeld akaverenga mamiriyoni makumi maviri nemadhonari munharaunda yeJudhiya Dhaka, zhinji dzazvo dzakachengetwa chete mumhando yemarara.
Nzira yekuenda seiko?
Iwe unogona kufamba mugwenga kana pamotokari yakodzwa kana pamabhasi ekuona. Tichakukurudzira kuti usarudze chechipiri kana kuti kungorayira kuti uende nomutungamiri. Iyo nyaya uye nhoroondo dzinosangana nerenje reJudhiya dzichatsigira chimiro chakanaka chekuona uye chichaita kuti vanhu vaone nzvimbo ino inoshamisa mumarudzi ose nematoni.
Zviri nyore kuti uende kurenje reJerusarema kana kubva kunzvimbo dzekutarisa dzeGungwa Rakafa .