Kufa kwePerinatal

Nezwi rokuti "kufa kwepininatal" mukurapa, ndeye tsika yekuziva zviratidzo zvinoratidzira nhamba yevana vanofa, kubva pavhiki 28 yekuzvitakura pazuva rechinomwe rehupenyu hwavo. Ichi chiratidzo chinowanzobatanidza kuberekwa uye kufa kwevana vasati vaberekwa (kufa mushure mokuberekwa).

Chiratidzo chakadaro, sekufa kwemaininatal, kazhinji chinoratidzwa mu ppm. Apo kuverenga iyo, nhamba yevana vakazvarwa vakafa uye nhamba yeavo vakafira mumazuva manomwe ekutanga ehupenyu vanofungidzirwa. Nheyo yakagamuchirwa inoparadzaniswa nehuwandu hwevana vakaberekerwa uye huwandu hwekufa kwevakafa hunowanikwa.

Chii chinokonzera kufa kwevanhu vanoparara?

Zvikonzero zvinokonzera kufa kwepininatal ndezvekuti:

• fetal asphyxia (kusvika pamakumi matanhatu ematambudziko);
• kuberekwa kunobata (10-12%);
• kuberekwa kusagadzikana (7-8%);
• pneumonia (5-6%);
• hemolytic chirwere chemangwana (kusvika 3%).

Izvo zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti inenge hafu yevana vakafa ndivo vana vasati vasvika. Mukuwedzera kune zvikonzero zvinopfuura pamusoro apa, nguva yeamai uye tsika dzakaipa (kusvuta, kudhakwa) kunobata zvakanakira kufa kwevanhu vose.

Ndeipi nzira dzokuderedza kufa kwemazuva ekuberekwa nekubereka vana?

Usakanganwa kuti pamwe neine perinatal, kunewo vana vanofa vana. Zvisinei, nekuda kwekukwirira kwekurapa kwemishonga, nhasi zviitiko zvakadaro zvinoonekwa zvisingawanzoitiki, asi zvakadaro vane nzvimbo yekuve.

Iko inonyanya kukosha pakudzivirira kwekuberekwa kwepabonde nekuberekwa kwechizvaro uye kufa kunongororwa nenguva. Inowanzoshandiswa nzira ye neurosonography, iyo inokubvumira kusiyanisa pakati pekuberekwa uye kunowanikwa munguva yekunonoka, zvakasiyana pakuona uye kuoma, kuora kwehupi: edema, ischemia, hydrocephalus, hemorrhages, atrophy.

Zvinotarisirwawo kufunga nezvekuti kuitira kuti hutachiona huwandu hwezvirwere uye zvinetso zvinotungamirira ku fetal kufa, kuchengetwa kwemazuva ekuberekwa, kubata kwebasa, kutarisisa kwakanyanya uye kurapwa kwevacheche vari panjodzi kunokosha zvikuru. Izvi zvakakonzera kuderera kwevanhu vanofa nekuda kwevakafa, iyo muna 2014 muRussian Federation yaiva 7,4%, uye muUkraine, panguva imwe chete, chiyero chaiva 7,8%.