Munhu wose ane chirwere chepfungwa chinowanzogona kuverenga manzwiro evamwe uye asingazivi kuti munhu akanaka here kana kuti kwete, akanaka kana akaipa. Vamwe vanhu vanonzwisiswa sevanenge vasisipo, pamusoro pavo vanoti "kwete," asi vamwe vanoita pfungwa huru. Izvi zvinotyisa, chii-munyaya ino yose pamusoro pehuhu hunhu hwemunhu akadaro.
Chii chiri charisma mumunhu?
Zvakaoma kutsanangura izwi iri. Kutaura kwevatungamiri vane unhu hwakadaro muTestamende Itsva uye Itsva. Ikoko munhu anotya Mwari ndiMwari ane chipo, nyasha dzinokosha. Munhema yekare yechiGiriki izwi iri rinoshandiswa maererano nevanhu vanogona kukwezva ivo pachavo. Uye vaHarithas vainzi vamwarikadzi venyasha, nyasha nenyasha. Munyika yemazuva ano, kushamisika kunogona kunzi munhu anofadza, munhu anogutsa anopa unhu hwekukurukurirana.
Vaya vane simba risina simba vanowirawo pasi peshoko iri. Izvo zvingaita, zvinogona kuvimba nechivimbo kuti unhu hunotyisa huri munhu asingasviki ane unhu hwakataurika, kukokwe kunoenzaniswa nemagnetism. Kune vanhu vane unhu hwakadaro uye zvinangwa zvemu mutungamiri, vanhu vanochera uye vanonamatira mumufaro pasi pemirairo yekubwinya kwavo.
Charisma - Psychology
Unhu hunozivikanwa nehutsika uye zvinhu zvinotungamirira vanhu shure kwavo, zvichiita kuti zvikotamire, kuvimba uye kutenda mumikana isingagumi. Charisma iri mumagariro ekuzivikanwa kwevanhu vose, yakagadzirirwa munhu wacho. Izvi ndizvo zvaanoita, anofunga, anotaura. Kurwisana semunhu wemunhu unoratidzika pane zvakasikwa. Munhu haafaniri kuedza zvakanyanya kuita izvi, asi kuvimba kwake, kushamwaridzana, simba uye zvimwe zvinhu zvine vanhu, vanonyatsotevera mutungamiri akadaro uye vanonzwa sechishuvo chisingadikanwi chekuva.
Chii chinonzi charisma chinoratidzwa?
Iyi pfuma yemunhu wacho haina chokuita nemhando yemabasa uye maitiro uye tsika. Chimiro chechimiro chinogona kuve nekubudirira zvakaenzana kuva vose vatsvene uye nemhosva. Izwi iri rinoreva maitiro uye pfungwa dzepfungwa uye kunyanya kuvanzwira tsitsi, uye izvi zvinozarura mikana yeutungamiri hunobudirira, simba kune vanhu. Ndizvo zvinotyisa uye zvinoratidzika kubva paudiki, kuzvisimbisa pachavo mumatanho ekutanga ehupenyu, kuva chimiro chechimiro chemunhu. Munhu akadaro anogona kutarisa sechinhu chero chipi zvacho, kushanda kune ani zvake, asi haazombotariswi.
Ndechipi musiyano pakati pechikadzi chechirisma uye charisma yevanhu?
Zviri pachena kuti unhu huno hunoenderana nehutano, asi hahuzviratidzi huri maererano nehutano kusiyana. Pfungwa yekutsvaga isinganzwisisiki yakabatana nekutungamirirwa kwehutungamiri uye kukwanisa kukonzera vanhu, asi varume ndevamwe vakadaro uye vanogara vachigara vari vekutanga mune zvose. Zviripo kuti ivo vatonge, vatungamirire uye vashandise. Chimwe chinhu ndechevakadzi. Kukumbira, charisma - chii icho uye kuti chinoratidzika sei navo, unogona kupindura kuti izvi zviri kure nemafambiro emutungamiri. Mhando ye "mukuru mujasi" haigoni kutungamirira vanhu shure kwake. Pano pane chimwe chinhu.
Charisma yevakadzi
Nezvevamiririri vehutano hwakanaka vanoti "manki". Hazvirevi kuti dzakanaka uye dzinonakidza pakuonekwa, asi kuzvidzora kwavo, chimwe chimiro chemukati uye chishongo hachisi mumwe munhu asina hanya, mune rimwe shoko - chechimanikidzi. Kune mumwe nomumwe vane shoko rine mutsa uye mazano. Vaya vanoda kufarirwa nemukadzi vanofanira kupindura kuti pfungwa iyi yekuzvimirira inobatanidza nekuremekedza kwechokwadi uye kufarira kune vamwe. Munhu akadaro akazaruka uye akazvarwa, anofara, akajeka uye nguva dzose ane hanya, kunyange zvazvo zvisingaiti mutungamiriri.
Male charisma
Pari pake nguva dzose boka revanhu - shamwari, vanoyemura, vashandi pamwe navo. Vane masimba vanovimba nevatungamiri vakadaro nemishonga inokosha zvikuru, uye vashandi vanoziva kuti mutungamiri anoenda kuhofisi yake kuti adye, uye achingosimudza simba. Murume ane tsitsi anotarisa nguva dzose ari pamabhiza. Anokwanisa kunyatsobudisa pfungwa dzake, kuzvivimba, kushingaira, akagadzirira kuva mutungamiri uye kutora matambudziko. Ndiine munhu ane chishuwo chakanaka kune ushamwari, akanaka uye anogadzikana. Izvo zvinobuda zvinoita kuti tive nekudzoka uye kufara kuti kune munhu ane unhu hwakadaro mumamiriro ekupedzisira.
Nzira yekukudziridza sei charisma?
Unyanzvi hunokosha huripo kune vamwe vanhu hunopiwa kubva pakuzvarwa, asi kune pfungwa yokuti, kana zvichidiwa, inogona kukurudzirwa mukati mavo, chinhu chikuru ndechokunzwisisa kuti chinoshanda sei. Kana iwe uchida kuziva kuti ungava sei munhu anotya, unoda kukudziridza unhu hunotevera:
- Kuzvimirira. Nguva dzose uye mune zvose zvinotsigira pane iwe pachako, iva nehanya nehupenyu hwako.
- Kuyeukwa kutaridzika. Hazvina kudiwa kuita tattoo kumusana wose kana kuveura bvudzi rako remavara, kuitira kuti charisma ione, asi imwe ye "zest" inokosha inofanira kugara ichipo.
- Kufarira. Zvakakosha kuona zvinhu zvose muzvinhu zvose zvakanaka uye kutenda mune zvakanakisisa.
- Kunyarara uye kutsungirira, kuzvivimba. Vanhu vane charisma ndivo.
- Zvakakosha kukwanisa kudzora manzwiro nezviito.
- Zviremekedze iwe nevamwe, izvo zvakasikwa muhupenyu hunotyisa.
- Kunaka, kufarira kune vamwe.
- Chirevo ndeimwe "bhiza" yevatungamiri vane charisma.
- Mano ekuteerera uye kutaurirana ndeimwe yeunhu hukuru hweunhu.
Ichi ndicho chakavanzika chechirisma. Rinofanira kuyeukwa kuti maererano naOricvia Fox Cubain, uyo ari nyanzvi mundima iyi uye akatonyora bhuku pamusoro payo, zvakakosha kuratidza nemwoyo wose kushamwaridzana uye kufarira kune mutauriri. Sezvo uchida kuziva kuti ungava sei unofadza, unofanirwa kuva nechido chakasimba uye mukati, uye chipingamupinyi chikuru munzira inoenda kune chinangwa chichava kusagutsikana, kuzvitsoropodza, kusava nechokwadi, kusagadzikana mumuviri uye mupfungwa. Iko mano matsva anobatsira zvose mubasa uye muupenyu hwehupenyu.
Kukura kwechirisma - kurovedza muviri
- Iwe unogona kuvaka chifananidzo chitsva chakanaka kana iwe ukatora munhu wako akareba-kure nemaziso akavharwa, akafungisisa chiso chake, zviratidzo nemaziso, inzwi rezwi uye dzimwe humwe hunoita, hunofadza uye hunodzora tsitsi. Zvose zvakanyatsobvunzwa, zvose zvese zvemufananidzo wemunhu ane charisma. Kuzarura maziso ako, unogona kuona kuti mufananidzo unofungidzira unobuda mumafungiro asingafungi, asi chinangwa chemuitiro uyu nderokuongorora kwakadzama, izvo zvinopa kugoverwa kwezvinhu gumi zvakakosha zveunhu hwakasikwa.
- Kubudirira kwechirisma kunosanganisira kuisa purogiramu yematambudziko uye nerombo. Iwe unofanirwa kuporesa, usvinudze meso ako uye utange kufunga pamusoro pechinangwa chako, kuti ungaibudirira sei uye kuti hupenyu hwehupenyu huchachinja sei izvozvo. Simbisai kubudirira kwemuitiro uyu unogona kuva kana iwe uchifungidzira vanhu vose avo kubudirira kweiyo chinangwa kuchakubatsirawo.
Nzira yekuve mutungamiri anotungamira sei?
Max Weber, anonyanya kuzivikanwa wezvemagariro ejeremane, akataura nezvemutungamiri ane unhu hwakadaro hwekutanga pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20. Somuenzaniso, akaunza vatungamiri vakakurumbira kubva kunyika dzakasiyana. Kubva kuzviisa pasi, vakuru vakuru vehurumende vanowanzodanwa kushevedza, nokuti vanoratidzika zvakasiyana nechekare kwehuwandu hwevanhu. Chirongwa chemutungamiri mubhizimisi kazhinji chinogadzirisa kubudirira kwavo, kwete ruzivo uye unyanzvi hunyanzvi. Kune kumwemwerera kukuru, kutaura kunogutsa uye unhu hwakanaka hwomunhu wacho, vanhu vakagadzirira kukanganwira zvinhu zvose uye kuenda nokuda kwekuchengetedza kwavo.
Kuti uve mutungamiri anotungamira, iwe unofanirwa kuva nepfungwa uye utende mairi nemoyo wako wose. Izvo chete nenzira iyi zvinokwanisika kutaurira pfungwa kune vanhu vose uye kuvabhadhara navo nekusagadzikana kwavo. Mumwe mutungamiri anokurudzira anoziva nzira yekuwana mutauro unowanzove neine interlocutor, kukurukura nevanhu. Anogara achinyanya kunetseka mamiriro ezvinhu uye mafungiro evamwe, iye anavo, vanoti, "pakukura kwakafanana." Mune zvidzidzo zveunyanzvi hwemifananidzo uye kuita, iwe unogona kudzidza kubwinya nekududzirwa kwekutaura uye kuita zviratidzo zvinowanikwa munhu hune hutsinye. Uye zvakakosha zvikuru kukwanisa kutarisira maitiro ako.
Charisma muOrthodoxy
Mumitambo yechiKristu yepakutanga chipo chakadaro chakanga chiri chevaporofita, vashandi vezvishamiso. Ichi chaiva chishuwo chavo, zvinorevei nhasi neshoko iri, zvinogona kutaurwa kuti nyasha dzinotumirwa kune vanhu vose mukunamata kweMweya Mutsvene, ndiko kuti, panguva yekunyengetera. Iyo yekupedzisira yakaburukira pamusoro pevaapositori vaKristu pazuva rePendekosti muimba yeZiyoni uye vakavapa zvipo zvakanakisisa - charisma, zvakavabatsira kuparidza Evhangeri pasi rose uye kutendeutsa vanhu kuva chiKristu.
Zvipo zvitatu zvokutanga zvinosanganisira uchenjeri, ruzivo uye kukwanisa kuona mweya. Chipiri chechitatu-kutenda, zvishamiso uye kukwanisa kuporesa, uye kune hutatu huprofita - chipo chemimiro uye kududzirwa kwavo. Charisma muchiKristu inoburuka pamusoro pevose vanochengeta mirairo yaMwari, vanoshanyira temberi, kunamata, vanobatanidzwa mumitambo. Kune hukama hwakadaro, hutumwa nenzira yezvipo zveMweya Mutsvene. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika zvePentecosti.
Vanhu vazhinji vanotyisa munyika
Dzinosanganisira zvakadai kuvanhu vose saNapoleon, Lenin, Hitler, Stalin, Trotsky . Andrey Malakhov, Sergei Lavrov, Vladimir Putin, Orlando Bloom, Johnny Depp, Donald Trump , etc. Vanodiwa kana kuti havadi, asi havasiyi mapepa emagazini nemapepanhau, zvinotaurwa pamusoro , hutano hwavo hunokurukurwa uye mumwe anogona kuva nechokwadi chokuti ivo vachitaura kunyange mushure mekufa.
Nzira yekukudziridza charisma - mabhuku
- "Charisma: Kukanganisa, kugutsikana uye kukurudzira" ndiro basa raOlvia Fox Cubain Mubhuku, anonyengedza zvinyorwa, anotaura nezvemhando uye maitiro, anobatsira kukurira zvipingamupinyi kuburikidza nemitambo yakasiyana-siyana, nezvimwewo.
- "Chishuvo chemu mutungamiriri . " Mabhuku akakurumbira nezvecharisma anosanganisira basa iri raRadislav Gandapas. Mariri, anotaura pamusoro pekuti unogona sei kuwedzera unhu hunohu, unhu hupi hwakanaka uye hunoita.