Mazano uye maitiro ekufungidzira

Kubvira panguva yekare, munhu aida kuziva zvakavanzika zvezvisikwa uye iye pachake, sechikamu chakakosha. Pakati penzira dzekukurudzira nyika, mazano akazarura mikana mitsva yevanhu uye yaionekwa semashiripiti uye kuponesa kwemashamani, vaprista vachichinja mafungiro uye mafungiro omunhu kune zvaanorayirwa.

Chii chinoratidzwa?

Mazano (chirevo chechiLatini - mazano, mazano) - ruzivo rwemashoko nemashoko asingatauri pamweya yevanhu, pakuisa zvigadziriswa zvemukati, mapurogiramu ane chinangwa chekunyengera kana chekuita. Somugumisiro weshoko:

• kuchinja kwenyika;
• chikonzero chekuita.

Mazano anowanikwa mune dzakawanda dzevanhu:

• mishonga;
• psychology, psychiatry;
• kuratidza bhizinesi;
• mabasa enyanzvi, fano, mimhanzi;
• kushambadzira;
• Vhidhiyo;
• mhosva yezvemhosva;
• mauto ehondo;
• chitendero;
• mutemo;
• mutambo.

Mhinduro yacho yakaparadzana:

1. Autosuggestion i- self - hypnosis . Kunyoresa mafungiro, kusimbisa, magwaro nemunhu kune iye amene. Autogenic kudzidziswa .
2. Heterosuggestia ndiyo inokonzerwa nemuenzaniso (uyo anotungamira) pane sugerend (iyo inobata).

Mazano anokurudzira

Zvinokurudzira hypnosis inogadziriswa kune munhu kuitira kuti imubate mupfungwa yakananga yekuziva, umo kukanganisa kunoderedza, zvipingamupinyi zvinobviswa uye ruzivo rwunopinda zvakananga mune zvisinganzwisisiki. Mazano anokurudzira anokwanisa kutapurirwa maitiro (gypsy hypnosis), asi kufanana nehutari hupi hupi hunodikanwa hunozogadziridzwa. Unhu hunofanirwa kuve nemuenzaniso hunofanirwa kuva nehutano kuitira kuti huve nesimba uye hunokurudzira:

• simba rakasimba;
• kukanganisa;
• kuzvivimba;
• kuva nemaitiro ekuzvidzivirira;
• centered view;
• charm, charisma;
• ukuru hwepfungwa;
• inzwi, mhedziso, rhythm yekutaura, yakarongedzwa neimwe nzira.

Mazano uye Counter-Mazano

Nzira dzinokurudzira dzesimba dzinoderedza kukosha kwevanhu uye dzinoita kuti nyika iwedzere kuvimba, kunyanya mumhomho. Munhu anotapukirwa nemamwe pfungwa dzevanhu, mafungiro. Munguva yenhoroondo, vanhu vanokudziridza manzwiro ekupikisa mukurwisana nekunyengedzwa, "kuparadzanisa" nekusavimbana kunotanga kuwedzera, saka kupesana-kukwaniswa kunoratidzwa - zvose zvinowanikwa muhutano hwematongerwo enyika, chitendero, mhizha inotarisana nekutsoropodzwa mukati. Contrasuggestia inokura kunze kwekusatenda mukusateerera. Zvakanaka zvinhu zvekupikisa mazano:

• zvinobva kune mumwe munhu kunze kwe "isu" weboka;
• kusimuka kwemitambo mitsva nemitemo munzanga, nzira yekubuda "kuparara."

Mazano muPsychology

Chii chinoratidzirwa mune zvepfungwa - mamwe mazano anobatsira ekudzidzisa anobata senzira yekurapa pamapfungwa anokanganisa manzwiro, maonero. Chaizvoizvo, mirairo yakadai yepfungwa inoshandiswa nemurangariro:

• psychosomatics;
• psychoanalysis;
• NLP.

Mazano anokurudzira akafuridzirwa nemurayi anonyatsopinda mukati mekusaziva kwemu murwere uye zvinobudirira zvinowanikwa:

• kunyatsoshanda kurapwa kwebibias, neuroses, kuora;
• kubvisa zvinoparadza (kusvuta, kudhakwa)
• kuumbwa kwemaitiro matsva.

Mazano anokurudzira mu psychotherapy

Kuti nzira yekufungidzira inosarudzwa zvakananga kune mumwe mutengi kana boka revanhu kuti vashande zvakawanda sezvinobvira, mitemo yakawanda inodiwa:

1. A psychotherapist, akatendeka uye ane simba.
2. Iyo inogadzirisa maitiro inofanira kunge iri pfupi, inotarisirwa, inotarisirwa.
3. Maitiro epfungwa, zera rimwe nerimwe uye maitiro evanhu vanowanikwa vanofungidzirwa.
4. Kukurukurirana kwemuenzaniso wezano kune zvinangwa zverapi.

Nzira dzinokurudzira uye nzira dzinoparadzaniswa mu:

• verbal;
• kwete-mashoko.

Icho chikuru kana chinokosha mukufungidzira izwi. Mune nharo yaStefner "Mashoko", pane mitsetse inoratidza simba uye simba rekutaura zvine simba: "Unogona kuuraya shoko, unogona kuchengeta shoko, neshoko iwe unogona kutarisa nyaya!". Nzira dzekutaura mumagariro epfungwa dzinosanganisira:

1. Mazano mumamiriro ekumutsa . Nzira ye "baba" inosimbisa kukosha. Nzira yekuraira, inokumbira uye yekutonga yekuraira ichikurudzira: "enda!", "Act!", "Iwe uchazviita!". "Madzimai ekutenda" - murwere ane simba, ane chifukidzo akadzikama: "Relax!", "Nyarara pasi!".
2. Mazano panguva yehope . Muongorori anoita shanduko kune avo vanorara: Anoisa ruoko rwake pahuma yake uye anotaura mazwi asi zvishoma nezvishoma, uye paanokurumidza kufamba, achitarisa kufema kwomurwere: kana ikashanduka, munhu wacho akagadzirira kudzidziswa.
3. Hypnosuggestive techniques . Murapa wacho anokonzera kuti mutengi ave nehope dzakasiyana-siyana dzinonzi state hypnosis. Munguva yakadaro, kutarisa kunobviswa, kucherechedza kunoderedzwa uye kunowanika kukwanisa kuronga hurongwa hwehutano mukusaziva kwemu murwere.
4. Autosuggestion . Hypnoautogenic training. Huzivo rwevanhu runotungamirirwa kubva kunze kune nzira dzomukati nenzira yekureva mazita.

Mazwi asingatauri "asingatauri" mazano ekuratidza:

1. Kucherechedza . Kusarudzwa kweshoko rinotsanangurwa nekuwedzera kwekuita nekugadzirisa kwezvinhu.
2. Telepathy . Kuchinja kwepfungwa kwemashoko. Iyo nzira inobva pakurongeka kwebiorhythms yemuongorori uye sugerend, inoda kugara kwakasimba uye kutarira kune chinhu, nokuti izvi zvakakosha kupinda mufananidzo.

Mazano mukutengeserana

Chero kushambadzira kushandiswa nekuziva kuburikidza nemasimba kune manzwiro nemanzwiro evanhu. Nyanzvi mune mukusimudzirwa kwemimwe michina, edza kuisa zvinhu nenzira yakadai yekubatanidza zvese zvinongororwa zvinoonekwa zvevanhu: kuona, kunzwa, kutora, tactile kunzwa. Mazano ekugadzira mavara anoshandisa mazwi makuru ekutungamirira uye anotsigirwa nemifananidzo yakajeka.

Mazano ekukurudzira mukudhinda

Nzira yekukurudzira mumashambadziro - maitiro makuru emagumisiro:

1. Kufunga mupfungwa-mafungiro ekufananidzira . Miti yezvigadzirwa inowanikwa mumagetsi e "wrapper" akajeka, izvo zvinoderedza kutsanangurira. Kutenga imba mune imwe chikwereti, motokari pachikwereti: "Wakambochema nemufaro here?".
2. Text . Kuzivisa vanhu: "Unoda kuva noutano hwakanaka / hwakasimba / hwakasimba here?". Pane zvinokurudzira munhu kutora zvinhu zvekambani yakasimba.
3. Symbols . Mukushambadzira, ichi chiratidzo-chiratidzo. Chifananidzo chinenge chiri mumufananidzo chinokubvumira kuchinja manzwiro omunhu uye kuita kuti chiratidzo chionekwe.
4. Shanduro . Nhamba shomanana yekambani iyi, inotarisirwa kuisa mukusaziva kuburikidza nemitemo yevatengi: "Tinotarisira pamusoro peumwe neumwe wenyu!"
5. Shandisa imwe ruvara pevara . Makore anowanikwa nehutano hwevanhu ne 80%, uye 20% chete inokonzerwa nekuonekwa - izvi ndezvokuti ruvara rumwe nerimwe rune chimiro chakakosha:

• yellow - sunny, warm, active;
• tsvuku-simba, motokari, mufaro;
• bhuruu-kuvimba, runyararo, kuruvara;
• bvudzi - hutano, (inoshandiswa mukugadzira zvinodhaka);
• rima - classic, simba.

Mazano mukati mema media

Mazano anokurudzira anoshandiswa nekushandiswa neterevhizheni, kuparidzirwa uye mune dzimwe nguva. Chinangwa ndechekusimbisa maitiro ehupenyu, humwe hukama hwehupfumi hwemagariro munzanga. Zvinokurudzira zvinogadziriswa kuburikidza nekufurira chinangwa chekukurudzira. Inowanzoshandiswa nhau dzakaipa uye zviitiko zvinokonzera kutya uye kusava nechokwadi pakati pevanhu, kutamba nemanzwiro - zviri nyore kudzora chikamu.

Mazano mune zvematongerwo enyika

Mazano ekukurudzira anogamuchirwa nevematongerwo enyika. Nhaurirano yemazuva ano yezvematongerwo enyika (kutaura) inoshandisa nzira yakadaro yekukurudzira sekuvhara-kutaura kunofukidzira kufukidzira pakuziva kwevanhu vakawanda. Zvinhu zvekutanga zvekufukidza:

• achikurudzira kugamuchirwa mune tsika dzevanhu uye tsika;
• chirevo chisingazivikanwi (zvishoma nezvishoma, zvisizvo zvekutonga);
• atypical grammatical constructions;
• sangano rekutaura, rakawedzera kufunga mune zvataurwa.

Mazano - mabhuku

Inyanzvi dzehutano mumabhuku:

1. "Kupinda muhurukuro yezvematongerwe enyika" Osipov G.A. - inotsanangura nzira huru yekukurudzira mune zvematongerwo enyika.
2. "Kushandiswa kweMisa Kuziva neMedia" Zelinsky SA -bhuku pamusoro pezvinoitika kune munhu kuburikidza nezvikwangwani, mapepanhau, redhiyo.
3. "Mazano uye basa rayo muupenyu hwevanhu" VM Bekhterev. - Kusiyana kwakasiyana pamusoro pemafungiro.
4. "Encyclopedia of hypnosis" GA Goncharov. - maitiro, maitiro ekuratidza mukuita.
5. "Mhinduro yezwi" Ito revanyori. - Textbook on psychotherapy.