- Nheyo: Panama Canal, Panama
- Gore rekuvakwa: 1920
Mumwe nomumwe wedu anoziva nezvePanama Canal iyo inobatanidza Pacific neAtlantic Oceans, iyo inobvumira makambani ekufambisa kuchengetedza nguva yakawanda yenguva nemari. Asi kunyange iyo nzira yakajeka haisi kungove tsvina yakavezwa pakati pezvigadziro, asi inoyevedza yekugadzirisa zvigadziriro. Ngatiedzei kunzwisisa mubvunzo uyu.
Urongwa hwePanama Canal
Iyo Panama Canal inosanganiswa kwekiki, gwara rakagadzirwa nemunhu rakagadzirwa pane imwe nhepfenyuro yeIsthmus yePanama muCentral America. Kubva pakuvhura kwayo muna 1920, Panama Canal ichiri chimwe chezvinhu zvakaoma zvikuru zvivako zvekugadzira munyika.
Kupfuura iyi S-shaped isthmus inogona kupfuura mudziyo wemarudzi chero upi noupi uye hukuru: kubva kumahombekombe ekudzikisa kusvika kune tangi huru yakawanda. Parizvino, chikwata chemugwagwa wechiteshi chave chimiro chekugadzirwa kwezvikepe. Somugumisiro, nokuda kwekuvhara kwePanama Canal, zvikepe zvinosvika 48 zvinopfuura mairi zuva, uye mamiriyoni evanhu munyika vanofarira izvi kunyaradzwa.
Saka nei tichida zvigaro muPanama Canal? Mubvunzo iwoyo, uye mhinduro kune iyo yakajeka: sezvo mugwagwa une mazamu akawanda, yakadzika nzizi nemigero yakagadzirwa nevanhu, uye panguva imwechete inobatanidza mairi makuru makuru, zvinokosha kuti nguva dzose ienzanise kusiyana kwemvura mumugwagwa wose uye kutonga mazaya. Uye mvura yakasiyana-siyana pakati pemugwagwa uye World Ocean yakakwirira-25.9 m.Ichienderana nehukuru uye tonnage yemudziyo, mvura yepamusoro mumhepo inowedzera kana kuderedzwa, nokudaro ichigadzira mamiriro ezvinhu anodiwa emugwagwa usina kufanira wemudziyo uchishandisa nzira.
Zvikamu zvePanama Canal inovhara
Mapoka maviri emagedhi anoshanda mumugwagwa. Gedhi rimwe nerimwe inzira mbiri-futi, i.e. inogona panguva imwe chete kutumira midziyo pamigwagwa inouya. Kunyange zvazvo tsika yacho inoratidza kuti pane kazhinji kamufambisi wemidziyo mune imwe nzira. Kamuri imwe neimwe yeimba yepamhepo inogadziridza makiromita mazana mapfumbamwe emakirita mamita. m. yemvura. Kuyera kwemakamuri kune: upamhi 33.53 m, kureba 304.8 m, hupamhi hwehupamhi - 12.55 m.Mikhumbi mizhinji kuburikidza nematombo inokwevera zvivako zvemagetsi zvakasiyana ("mules"). Saka, magedhi makuru ePanama Canal ndea:
- Munharaunda inobva kuAlantic Ocean, kambani yematatu matatu "Gatun" (Gatun) yakaiswa, ichibatanidza gungwa rezita rimwechete neLay Bay. Pano zvivharo zvinokwidza zvikepe 26 m kusvika kumahombekombe egungwa. Pagedhi pane kamera, mufananidzo waunogona kutarisa munguva chaiyo paInternet.
- Kubva kune rumwe rutivi rwePacific Ocean inoshandisa girazi mbiri yemasikati "Miraflores" (Miraflores). Inobatanidza nzira yegungwa guru kuPanama Bay. Gedhi rake rokutanga rinewo video kamera.
- Gedhi-gedhi gedhi "Pedro Miguel" (Pedro Miguel) anoshanda pamwe chete ne Miraflores lock system.
- Kubva muna 2007, basa riri kuwedzera kuparadzira gwara uye kuisa mamwe magedhi ekuwedzera kukwanisa kwePanama Canal (thread yechitatu). Zvitsva zvitsva zvetambo yechitatu: kureba 427 m, upamhi 55 m, nekureba 18.3 mamita. Uyewo, basa riri kuwedzera kuti riwedzere uye rikudziridze huwandu hwakanaka kuitira kuti urambe uchiita shanduko-shanduko yemidziyo. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kubva muna 2017 mutambo uchakwanisa kuita mutoro wechiviri.
Nzira yekutarisa Panama Canal inovhara sei?
Pakati pemugwagwa wose kune motokari uye mugwagwa wezvitima. Iwe unogona kuzvimiririra uye usingabhadharwi uchitevera chero mudziyo uye ugoziva maitiro emutambo kubva kure. Iwe unogona zvakare kutenga rwendo nechinangwa chimwe chete.
Miraflores gateway inonzi inoshandiswa kune vanofambira. Iwe unogona kusvika ipapo nekatekisi kana kutenga tikiti yebhasi yemakumi mashanu, uye sechikamu cheboka uende pedyo necheki sezvaunokwanisa kuti uzive basa rake. Nzira iyi inosanganisira kushanyira musimamende ($ 10) nekusvika kune imwe nzvimbo yekucherechedza, uko munguva chaiyo iyo hurukuro inoparidzirwa nezvekushanda kwesuwo.
Zvechokwadi, iyo yakajeka yaunofunga yaunowana, ichipfuura nomuPanama Canal pane ngarava.
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