- Kutaura: 00120, Vatican
- Telefonhare : +39 06 6988 3860
- Enda: Palazzo
- Nzvimbo yeVatican Museums: http://www.museivaticani.va
Apo Apostolic Palace muVatican ndiyo "hugaro" hwepamutemo hwePapa. Inowanzonziwo Papal Palace, Vatican Palace , uye zita raro rinoshevedza ndiyo imba yeSixtus V. Chaizvoizvo, ichi hachisi chivako chimwe chete, asi "yose" inowanikwa mumadzimambo edzimba, matemberi, mapurisa, mumamamuziyamu uye mifananidzo yakavakwa panguva dzakasiyana nenzira dzakasiyana. Zvose zvavo zviri pedyo neCortile di Sisto V.
Pane Apostolic Palace northeast of St. Peter's Cathedral . Kurutivi rwacho kune mamwe maonero maviri anozivikanwa - imba yeGregorio XIII neBastion yaNicholas V.
A bit of history
Apo nguva chaiyo vaApostora Palace yakavakwa, hazvizivikanwi chaizvo, dheinhau yakasiyana zvakanyanya zvakanyanyisa: vamwe vanyori venhoroondo vanofunga kuti dzimwe nzvimbo dzekumaodzanyemba, chikamu chekare kudarika dzacho dzakagadzirwa pakuguma kweT III - kutanga kwemakore mazana mana panguva yekutonga kwaConstantine Mukuru, vamwe - kuti yakawanda " muduku "uye yakavakwa muzana remakore VI. Nzvimbo yacho yakatanga kusvika muzana remakore rechisere, uye muna 1447 pasi pePapa Nicholas V zvivakwa zvekare zvakaparadzwa, uye imba itsva yakavakwa munzvimbo yavo (ne "kugoverana" kweimwe yezvinhu zvekare). Yakapedzwa uye yakavandudzwa kakawanda, kusvikira pakuguma kwezana remakore rechi16 - kunyatsoshanda, asi muzana ramakore rechi20 rakapedzwawo (somuenzaniso, pasi pePapa Pius XI imwe yakasiyana yepamusoro yeimba yemu museum yakagadzirwa).
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Raphael's Staats
4 makamuri maduku, akavezwa naRafafa nevadzidzi vake, vakanzi Stanze di Rafaello - Raphael's Stantsi (shoko rokuti "stanza" rinoshandurwa sekamuri ). Makamuri aya akanga akashongedzwa nemurairo waPapa Julius II - akavasarudza sevanenge vari voga, asingadi kugara mumakamuri maaigara mairi pamberi peAlexander VI. Pane nhoroondo yokuti mamwe mafananidzo pamadziro akanga atovapo, asi Julius, akarohwa nemhizha yaRafael, akaraira kugogodza pasi mamwe mifananidzo uye akarayira muenzi wacho kuti apedze imba - kunyange Rafaeri panguva iyoyo aiva nemakore 25 chete.
Nzvimbo yekutanga inonzi Stanza del Senatura; ndicho chete chechina chakachengetwa zita rekutanga - mamwe ose ikozvino anonzi zita remusoro we frescoes inovakurudzira. Chikwangwani mukushandura chinoreva "chiratidzo", "isa chisimbiso" - imba yacho yakashanda sehofisi, mairi baba vakaverenga mapepa akatumwa kwaari, vakaisayina ndokuisa chisimbiso chake chisimbiso nechisimbiso.
Mufananidzo wacho akanyora muimba yacho kubva panguva ya1 1508 kusvika ku1511, yakazvipira kumunhu pachake-akakwana, uye murals 4 anomiririra 4 maitiro emabasa akadaro: uzivi, ruramisiro, tezidzo uye nhetembo.
Mifananidzo yeStanza d'Eliodoro yakaitwa kubva muna 1511 kusvika muna 1514; Musoro wemifananidzo ndeyekudzivirira kwaMwari kunopiwa Kereke nevashumiri varo.
Nharaunda yechitatu inonzi Incendio di Borgo - imwe yefrescoes, iyo inoratidzira moto munharaunda yeBorgo, iri pedo nePapa. Zvose frescoes pano zvakatsaurirwa kumabasa emapapa (kusanganisira fresco yakatsaurirwa kumoto - maererano nenyaya, Papa Leo akakwanisa kumisa muchinjikwa kwete kungotya chete, asiwo moto). Kushanda pakutevedzera kwake kwakaitwa kubva pa1514 kusvika ku1517.
Simba rekupedzisira - Sala di Konstantino - rakange rapedzwa nevadzidzi vaRafafa, sezvo muna 1520 muimbi wakafa. Iyo yakarongeka inotsaurirwa kumurwi wekutanga weRoma wechiKristu madzimambo Constantine nevahedheni.
Belvedere Palace
Belvedere Palace inotumidzwa zita raApollo Belvedersky, rakachengetwa ipapo. Nhasi muimba yamambo ndiyo museum wePius-Clement . Mukuwedzera kune mifananidzo yakakurumbira yenyika yose yeApollo, pane zvimwe zvakawanda zvakanakisa, kusanganisira mufananidzo weLaocoon, Aphrodite weCnidus, Antinous weBelvedere, Perseus waAlexander Canova, Hercules, nezvimwe zvifananidzo zvakakurumbira zvakafanana.
Nenzira yacho, museum yacho inowedzera zvinopfuura mazana masere emakaratidzi: Imba yePilina inosvika mifananidzo 150 inoratidzira mifananidzo yakasiyana-siyana nemhuka (dzimwe dzadzo dziri makopi ezvinyorwa zvekare zvakakurumbira, zvimwe zvichidzorerwa nemufananidzo weItaly Francesco Franconi); pano, pakati pevamwe, chifananidzo chechiGiriki chepakutanga chinoratidzira torsi ye Minotaur. MuHome yeMuses pane zvifananidzo zvinoratidza Apollo ne 9 muses. Mifananidzo iyi mapepa ekare echiGiriki mavambo anosvika muzana remakore rechitatu BC. Hezvino inokandwa kubva kuBelvedere torso uye zvifananidzo zvezvinyorwa zvekare zvechiGiriki, kusanganisira Pericles. Imisasa yeMusisi iine octagonal muchimiro, yakakomberedzwa nembiru neCorinthian warrant. Pasinei nokucherechedza kupfuura zvifananidzo pachavo, inotora denga rekumusoro raTomaszo Konka's brush, inopfuurira musoro wehurukuro yakagadzirwa nemifananidzo, uye inoratidzira Muses naApollo, pamwe chete nevanyori vanozivikanwa vekare - chiGiriki neRoma.
Mufananidzo wemadziro ezvo chifananidzo mairi yakagadzirwa naPinturicchio nevadzidzi vake. Heino zvifananidzo zvevanamwarikadzikadzi, madzimambo eRoma (Augustus, Marcus Aurelius, Nero, Caracalla, etc.), patricians uye vagari vemo, pamwe chete nemakopi emifananidzo yakare echiGiriki. Zvimwe zvinopera kumagumo aya zvakashongedzwa nemifananidzo miviri yakakurumbira: Jupiter pachigaro uye kurara Ariadne, uye kunze kwavo unogona kuona zvifananidzo zvakadai saDrayken Satyr, Kurira kwePenelope nevamwe. MuHurumende yeBusts mune mabhuti evanhu vanozivikanwa vechiRoma uye vamwari vekare, kusanganisira funerary high relief yeCato naPortia. Pose muimba yacho pane anenge mabhasi zana nemafrescoes echiRenhere.
Zvakare zvakakodzera kutaurwa ndeyeHoro yeGreek Cross (inonzi yakadaro nemufananidzo iyo inomiririra mumagariro e), Mask Cabinet, Rotunda ne giant monolithic porphyry mukombe yakaiswa mazviri, Apoximen's Cabinet.
Pamberi peBelvedere Palace kune tsime rine maitiro e-cone - basa raPirro Ligorio, uye nzvimbo iyo iripo inonzi Chivanze chePinnia . Kusvikira kutanga kwezana remakore rechi17, koni yakashongedza Field of Mars muParis, asi muna 1608 yakatamirwa kuenda kuVatican ikaiswa pamberi pekupinda kweBelvedere Palace. Icho chirevo chekusika kwenyika.
Mukuwedzera kune kona, nzvimbo yacho yakave yakarongedzwa nemifananidzo chaiyo yemazuva ano Sfera con Sfera - "Sphere mumunda" naArtnaldo Pomodoro, yakagadzirwa mumakore ekutanga makumi mapfumbamwe emakore ekupedzisira. Iyo mamita mana kunze kwemasimbi emhangura ine chinyorwa chemukati chinotenderera, pane chimiro chinoonekwa, chinoratidzwa kuburikidza ne "masango" uye "masango" mukati mekunze. Anogadza pasi pano pasi rose uye anoshevedza kuti aratidze chokwadi chokuti zvinhu zvose izvo zvinoparadza nyika ino zvinogadzirisa mukati maro.
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Sistine Chapel
Sistine Chapel yakavakwa panguva yekutonga kwaPapa Sixtus IV (kuvaka kwakatanga muna 1473 uye yakapedziswa muna 1481) uye yakatumidzwa mukukudzwa kwake, uye pazuva rekumusoro kweMhandara Mariya musi waAugust 15, 1483, akatsaurirwa. Pamberi pake, munzvimbo ino yakamira imwe chivako, umo dare repapa raifanira kuungana. Pfungwa yekusika gungano idzva, rakasimba uye rakakwanisa kuponesa kukombwa, kana zvichidikanwa, rakasimuka muSixtus IV maererano nekutyisidzira kwekugara kumhenderekedzo yekumaodzanyemba kweItaly neOttoman sultan Mehmed II, uye nekuda kwekutyisidzira kwemauto kubva ku Signoria Medici.
Zvisinei, rusvingo rwakasimbiswa, uye kubwinya kwechitendero kwakanga kusakanganwiki: rusvingo rwemasvingo rwakagadzirwa naSandro Boticelli, Penturikkio nevamwe vanyori vanozivikanwa venguva iyo. Gare gare, atova naPapa Julius II, Michelangelo akauraya mufananidzo wechivako (iyo inoratidzira kusikwa kwepasi), lunettes uye decking. Pamakumbo mana anoratidzira nyaya dzebhaibheri "Copper Serpent", "David naGoliati", "Kara Amana" uye "Judith naHolofernes." Michelangelo akaita basa racho munguva shoma, pasinei nokuti iye pachake akazvimisa seveve muvezi, uye kwete semufananidzo, kunze kwekuti, panguva yebasa pane matambudziko akasiyana-siyana (mamwe frescos aifanira kugumburwa nokuti aive akafukidzwa nemuti wakaoma, iyo yavakashandiswa, yakarohwa pakuumbwa kwehuvhu, gare gare imwe dhaka yakashandiswa, uye frescoes yakavezwa anew).
Pakupera kwebasa pamifananidzo yevheti musi waOctober 31, 1512, zvipfeko zvakakosha zvakashumirwa muchitendero chitsva (pazuva rimwechete uye panguva imwe chete makore 500 gare gare, muna 2012, Vespers yakadzokororwa naPapa Benedict XVI). Hazvishamisi kuti akanga ari Michelangelo uyo akapiwa basa rekuveza pezasi reatari. Mabasa akaitwa na tenzi kubva muna 1536 kusvika muna 1541; Pamadziro pane chiitiko chekupedzisira kutonga.
Kutanga muna 1492 - pamwe nemakwikwi, apo Papa akasarudzwa Rodrigo Borgia, uyo akazova Papa Alexander VI - muSistine Chapel nguva dzose aibata zvishoma.
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Papal apartments
Imba iyo papa inogara uye inoshanda iri kumusoro; mamwe mahwindo anotarisa St. Peter's Square . Zvinosanganisira makamuri akawanda-ehofisi, nzvimbo yemunyori, chipinda chekugamuchira, muimba yekurara, imba yekugara, imba yokudyira, kicheni. Uyewo kune reraibhurari huru, chivako uye hofisi yezvokurapa, iyo inokosha yakapiwa nguva iyo makadhiinali anowanzosarudzwa nepapa. Zvisinei, pontiff Francis akasiya makamuri emapapa uye anogara munzvimbo yeSanta Marta, mune imwe nzvimbo yeimba.
MuApositori Palace pane imwezve "makamuri emapapa" - dzimba dzePasitori Alexander VI - Borgia. Nhasi ivo vari chikamu cheVatican Library , yakazarurirwa kuvashanyi, vachikwezva zvakanyanya pamifananidzo yakaitwa naPinturicchio.
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Nzira yekushanyira sei Apostolic Palace?
Iwe unogona kushanyira VaApostora pavhiki nemavhiki neMugovera kubva 9-00 kusvika 18-00. Itikiti yakakura inodhura 16 euro, unogona kuzvitenga pahofisi yetikiti tisati tasvika 16-00. Pakupera kweSvondo yekupedzisira yemwedzi museum inogona kushanya kubva 9-00 kusvika 12-30 zvachose pasina mari.