Muhupenyu hwemunhu chero upi zvawo, mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kuitika kana achigara ari oga nematambudziko ake, ayo anoita seasingafungidziriki, asi ruzivo harwuoni nzira yokubuda nayo mamiriro acho ezvinhu. Nhare yebasa rekuvimba ndiyo dzimwe nguva inogona kupa tariro kuti zvose zvichaumbwa.
Chii chinonzi helpline?
Bhuku rekubatsira ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzinokosha dzehutano hwemagariro kuvanhu, vachipa rubatsiro nenzira yorubatsiro rwepfungwa, uye zvichienderana nedambudziko, nyanzvi inogona kushandura munhu kurukurirano nemutemo, mushandi wezvehutano kana mushandi wehupfumi. Sei ndichida rubatsiro rwekubatsira? Ruzivo rwehuruzhinji runoratidza kuti hausi nguva dzose pedyo nemunhu ari pedyo nevanhu, dzimwe nguva munhu ari oga oga nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda, uye mamiriro ezvinhu akagadzirwa nawo anogona kutyisidzira kuvapo kwayo.
Bhuku rekubatsira iri nhoroondo
Nhasi, rubatsiro rwekubatsira runo hunobudirira uye hunogara huchivandudza sarudzo, kupa hutsika dzakasiyana-siyana dzehupfambidzani. Nhoroondo yebasa iri yakadzokera kumashure makumi mashanu. XX yezana remakore, apo mupristi weClemenswood Baptist Church muYolford Peter West, pamwe chete neshamwari yaibva kuLondon, zvakare muprista Chad Vara, akaronga rubatsiro rwekufonera kuvanhu vari pedyo nekuzviuraya . Hapana wevatsvene vaitarisira kuti kudana kwekudanidzira, iyo yaizowira pamusoro pavo, sechibvumirano - pane vanhu vazhinji vanotambura.
Makore gumi gare gare, muna 1963 muAustralia, Alan Walker, mutungamiriri wepakati penzira yekushandisa nzira, akaronga bhuku rekubatsira rainzi Life Line, iro rakapera rakava ruzivo rwepasi rose rinosanganisira mazana maviri masangano ekutsigira munyika 12. Nheyo yekushumira kuvanhu ndiyo mitemo yechiKristu, uye shanduro ndiyo izwi rekuti: "Rubatsiro rwave pedyo nefoni". Kutenda kuRines of Life uye masangano akafanana, rubatsiro rwakapiwa mamiriyoni evanhu uye kuedza kuzviuraya kwakadziviswa.
Munyika yose, hotline yakapoteredza nguva inopa rubatsiro rwemhepo kune vanhu vari mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma munyika dzakasiyana-siyana, zita rebasa refoni rinotumidzwa zita racho:
- "Mhirizhonga" (USA);
- "Hope" (Spain);
- "Rubatsiro rweMweya" (Germany);
- "Ruoko rwakatambanudzwa" (Switzerland);
- "Helpline" (Russia).
Ndeipi rubatsiro rwekambani rinotungamirirwa?
Ndeipi gwaro rinotungamirira rubatsiro rwekubatsira? Basa rekubatsira foni kuvanhu vanogadzwa nemitemo yepamutemo yepamutemo yemitemo yenyika uye yeRussia:
- Sangano reUnited Nations reHuman Rights;
- Mutemo weRussian Federation;
- Sangano reUnited Nations pamusoro peHurumende dzeVanhu vane Urema;
- Nyika Dhemberero paKupukunyuka, Kudzivirirwa uye Kubudirira kwevana;
- Mutemo weBurumende Nhamba 59-FZ ye 02.05.2006 "Pamberi Yekutarisa Maitiro kubva kuCitizens of the Russian Federation";
- International Code of Ethics for Psychologists.
Bhuku rekubatsira rinoshanda sei?
Ndechipi chandinoda nhare yefoni? Avo vane zvinhu zvose muupenyu hwavo vanonzwisisa zvinhu zvakadzikama uye zvakaenzana havakwanisi kubvunzwa mibvunzo iyi, asi avo vane ruvara rutsvuku rwehupenyu vakagogodza pasi kubva pasi petsoka dzavo uye havana imwe nzira kunze kwekudaidza Basa rekuponesa rakazvionera pachavo izvo zvinoreva rubatsiro rwakakodzera panguva, kunyange mutorwa kune rumwe rutivi rwetambo. Nyanzvi dzinosarudzwa zvakanyatsonaka, dzinopinda mazano akasiyana-siyana, nguva dzose dzidza nzira itsva dzekupa mazano uye basa rinokurumidza. Unyanzvi hunyanzvi hunyanzvi hwekubatsira:
- kukwanisa kuteerera;
- tsitsi (tsitsi);
- kukwanisa kubvunza mibvunzo yakasununguka.
Pakukurukurirana kwefoni kune imwe nyanzvi:
- vanoita zvisingazivikanwi, pasi pechiratidzo, uye nzvimbo yenhare yekutambira foni inosarudzwawo - izvi zvose zvinofungidzirwa nezvekuchengetedzwa kwevashandi vebasa;
- anoyeuchidza munhu akakumbira rubatsiro kuti kudana kwacho kwakavanzika uye kusingazivikanwi, izvi zvinowedzera huwandu hwekuvimba;
- rinodzokorora kana kubatanidza munhu kune iyo foni foni iyo inonyanya kukoshesa kwaari panguva ino;
- rinoshandisa nzira dzepfungwa kuderedza kusagadzikana kwevanhu vasina unhu uye kugadzikana kwepfungwa-manzwiro;
- mumatambudziko akaoma, kukumbira rubatsiro.
Helpline - rubatsiro rwepfungwa
Rubatsiro rwekubatsira - rwepfungwa runopiwa pachena, pasina rubatsiro kune wese munhu: vakuru nevana zvakafanana. Rubatsiro rwakarongeka kuitira kuti panguva yekufonera kune nhamba imwe chete, nzvimbo yakadanwa nayo iyo inozivikanwa uye yakadzoserwa kune vanyori vari mubato rekubatsira reharaunda ino. Emergency psychological rubatsiro ruchapiwa nokukurumidza, saka mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu chinhu chikuru hachisi kurega, uye kutora mukana uyu. Nekutadza kwose uye chido chokubatsira uye chichabata mwana muduku, uye wechidiki, uye munhu mukuru.
A rubatsiro rwevana
Rubatsiro rwekubatsira-mupfungwa kune vana, basa rave richishanda kubudirira kubvira muna 2010. Ribatsiro rwevana nevechiri kuyaruka muRussia Federation - 8 800 2000 122 - vadzidzisi vebasa vanobatsira mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana. Chinoonekwa sechinhu chiduku, njodzi inoshungurudza kune munhu mukuru, nokuti mwana anogona kuonekwa seine ngozi, anotyisa uye asingasviki, nokuti vana havana hupenyu hwehupenyu huzhinji uye havakwanise kurarama nezvinhu zvakawanda vari voga. Nezvipingamupinyi zvipi uye zviitiko zvepfungwa ndevana vana vachitaura pa hotline:
- kukakavara nevabereki;
- chisimba chemhuri;
- kushungurudzwa kwepabonde;
- mwana akasiiwa ari oga kumba uye achitya, achitya kurara kana rima;
- mwana akatarisana nechinetso icho vabereki vasingakwanisi kutaura nekuda kwekunyadziswa kana kutya kutya kurangwa.
Helpline yevechiri kuyaruka
Kuyaruka haisi kuedza nyore kune munhu, hausi mwana, asi kwete munhu mukuru, dutu remhepo rinokonzera kuputika kwekutsvaga, kushungurudza kana zvimwewo, manzwiro okusanzwisiswa nevamwe uye kukura kwekuora mwoyo uye kuparadzwa. Munyika yose, chinyorwa chisingazivikanwi chine rubatsiro rwekubatsira chakabatsira vechiyero vanopfuura chiuru uye vadzidzisi vadzivisa kuwanda kwekuedza kuzviuraya. Nezvinetso zvipi chizvarwa chechidiki chinowanzotendeuka:
- rudo rusingadiwi;
- kusanzwisisa kana kusava nehanya kwevabereki;
- kurwisa muviri uye zvepabonde kuchikoro kana kumba;
- kushamwaridzana ( kushungurudza );
- pfungwa pamusoro pekuzviuraya;
- chinetso chokukurukura nevezera rako nekuda kwekunyara, kusava nemuviri;
- kusangana kwepabonde kwekutanga uye nemigumisiro inoguma, iyo inotyisa kukurukura nevabereki (zvirwere zvepabonde, zvinogona kutora pamuviri).
Bhuku rekubatsira kwevakadzi
Vakadzi vane mwoyo murefu, kunyange kana kunyarara uye kushivirira zvingashandura kuva dambudziko rechokwadi, maitiro evakadzi anonyatsoratidza apa kuti "havatamburi jira rakasviba" uye "kurohwa, zvino vanodikanwa". Vakadzi vakadaro vanoita "vakaderera kupfuura mvura, pasi peuswa". Bhuku rekubatsira kwevakadzi vakave vachiita zvechisimba mumhuri 8 800 7000 600. Munguva yechisimba, kuda kwomukadzi kunopedzwa uye kukuvadzwa kwemuviri kunoitwa. Zvakakosha kuona kuti murume haaiti kuvandudza, kurohwa kuchagadzirisa.
Kudana rubatsiro runogona kuva danho rokutanga rokubvisa chisimba, nyanzvi ichakubatsira nekukuudza kuti ungashandisa sei kumatare ekuchengetedza mitemo uye zvaunoda izvi. Kune vakadzi vanozviwana vari mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, kana pasina nzvimbo yokuenda kubva kumurume wemurume-iye, paanenge achiri nemwana muduku kana ane mimba nevanyanzvi, pane urongwa uye nhamba yemasangano apo vanoitirwa zvechisimba vachapiwa pokugara uye kuwana mikana.
Health Care Helpline
Utano hwekuchengetedza rubatsiro - iyi yese yese yakasiyana nekusazivikanwa kwebasa rezvepfungwa uye inonyanya kuitirwa kuve nehutano hwehutano hwehutano hwekurapa nekudzivirira kusaremekedza kurapa varwere. Kana munhu akapiwa rubatsiro rwusina kukodzera kana kana pakave nekurwara kwakanyanya kwevashandi vezvechiremba, kana zvakakosha kuwana kodzero dzavo dzekupa rumwe rudzi rweumwe rubatsiro rwezvehutano, unogona kutaura nehutano hwehutano.
Nhare yerunhare yekurapa zvinodhaka
Nhaurirano yezvinyorwa zvevanhu vakuru ndeyekukurukurirana kwefoni kwechiremba chepfungwa-nyanzvi yezvinyorwa zvekare anopindura mibvunzo yose, anofungisisa pane izvo zvinoda kubhadharwa kunzwisisa kana mwana kana kuti mukuru wezvinodhaka ari kutora kana kwete. Bhuku rekubatsira ralinelineline rinotsigirawo zvinotevera:
- vanoda rubatsiro mukugamuchirwa kwebasa rekunyora, kubhedheni, uye kurapwa;
- munhu wepedyo (murume, shamwari, mwana) anoda rubatsiro rwezvenyanzvi ye narcologist, asi iwe haugoni kuzviita pachena;
- nhengo yemhuri inotarisira inoda kutsigirwa mupfungwa, nokuti kurwisana uku kwehutano uye kudzokera kumararamiro ehupenyu kunobvisa simba rose;
- munhu wacho akaziva kuti haakwanisi kubuda kunze kwezvinodhaka uye kunwa doro.
Shanda pane foni yekuvimba
Rubatsiro rwekubatsira-mupfungwa kune vanhu vakuru nevana - ibasa rinokosha revanhu, asi nyanzvi pachavo dzinonzwa dzimwe nguva dzakaparadzwa, uye vane nguva yekufunga nezvekusakoshi kwavo uye kusakosha kwebasa ravanoita, kunyanya kana munhu akadanidzira ari kuita chinangwa chokuzviuraya. Kushongedzerwa kwevashandi pano inowanzoitika, uye nyanzvi dzisinganzwisisi dzinoshanda mubasa iri kwemakore mazhinji, ivo vanamwari, asi nekuda kwavo vakawanda vaponeswa upenyu.