Cataract inogona kukura pane imwe kana maziso ose, uyewo yakasiyana pane nzvimbo yekudzivirira: kana chirwere chacho chichikura pamativi ose e-lens, haisi kuoneka zvakajeka, uye kwenguva yakati inogona kuonekwa isingaoneki pasina kukonzera kusuruvara kukuru. Kana uchitarisa matanho ekutanga ehutachiona hunokonzerwa nemakore, mishonga (madonhwe e katachrome, quinaks nevamwe) anogona kukonzera kukura kwayo, asi usabvisa zvinenge zviripo, zvinoshandiswa.
Kuvhiya kuti ubvise utachiona
Panguva ino, nzira yakakurumbira yekurapwa kwemakemikari ndeyekuvhiya kubvisa lens rakavhiringidzika uye kuisa lens rekuita panzvimbo yayo.
- Phacoemulsification. Panguva iyo inonzi ndiyo nzira inofambira mberi uye yakachengeteka yehutachiona hwehutachiona. Basa racho rinoshandiswa kuburikidza ne microcut (2-2.5 mm) inoshandiswa purojekiti chaiyo. Nekubatsira kwe ultrasound, lens rakakonzerwa rinoshanduka rikava emulsion uye rinobviswa, uye panzvimbo yaro inonzi lens inoshandiswa inowanikwa, iyo inotaridzika uye inogadzirika mukati meziso. Chirwere chekugadzirisa kwenguva refu muchipatara mushure mekunge kushanda kwakadaro kusingadiwi.
- Extracapsular extraction. Kuvhima iyo inonzi posterior capsule ye lens inoramba iine nzvimbo, uye nucleus uye anterior capsule zvinobviswa pamwe chete, mune imwe unit. Kakawanda kacho kushingaira mushure mekushanda kwakadaro ndiko kusimbiswa kwe capsule ye lens uye semigumisiro, kukurudzirwa kwechirwere chechirwere chechipiri.
- Intracapsular extraction. Iyo lens inobviswa pamwe chete ne capsule, ne cryoextraction (uchishandisa tsvina yakaumbwa nesimbi). Munyaya iyi, hapana ngozi yekuwedzera kwechirwere chekatarite, asi mikana ye vitreous prolapse inowedzera.
- Laser chirwere. Imwe nzira yakafanana ne-phacoemulsification, iyo iyo lens inoparadzwa nemasara ane humwe hutengo, mushure mezvo zvinongoda chete kubvisa lens rakaparadzwa uye kuisa lens. Panguva ino, iyo nzira haina kuparadzirwa zvakanyanya uye iri pakati pezvinodhura zvikuru. Kuvhiyiwa kweCataract ne laser kunoshandiswa munyaya yekushungurudzika umo kukwirira kwe ultrasound kunodiwa kuparadza lens, iyo inogona kutungamirira kukuvadza ku cornea.
Contraindications kuvhiyiwa
Izvo hazvina kupesana zvakakwana kune chirwere checataract. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya kwemazuva ano maitiro e-laser uye phacoemulsification, inoitwa pasi peanesthesia yemo.
Chirwere cheshuga, hypertension, chirwere chepfungwa, zvirwere zvisingaperi zvinogona kunge zvakaoma zvinhu, asi chisarudzo chekuita kwekuvhiya muzviitiko chimwe nechimwe chinogadziriswa pachavo, nekuwedzera kubvunzurudza nachiremba wezvinodiwa (specialists) (cardiologist, etc.).
Kuvandudzwa pashure pokuvhiyiwa
Kudzoka mushure mekuvhiyiwa kunotora kubva maawa makumi maviri nemaviri (maitiro emazuva ano) kune vhiki (kubviswa kwemazizi). Kuti urege kudzivirirwa uye kurambwa kwekuiswa, kunze kwezvinyorwa zvezvechiremba, munhu mumwe nemumwe, nhamba yezvirongwa uye zvikanganiso zvinofanira kuteverwa.
- Dzivisa kusimudza zvigadziko, pakutanga kwete mashekeri matatu, ipapo kusvika ku 5, asi kwete.
- Usaita hurumende uye usadzike musoro uchidzikisa pasi pose pazvinenge zvichiita.
- Kuenzanisa kwemitambo, pamwe nehutano mumusoro (usagara muzuva kwenguva yakareba, usashanyira saunas, usashandise mvura inopisa kwazvo kana uchigeza musoro).
- Mukana wekutuka, sva maziso nemakumbo asingakoshi uye matamponi. Chenjerera paunoshamba.
- Paunobuda kunze, pfeka magirazi egorosi.
- Mumavhiki maviri ekutanga mushure mekushanda, iwe unofanira kuderedza kudya kwemanzi (zvichida kwete kudarika hafu yeigita pazuva), pamwe chete nekudzivirira kudya kwemanyo uye kunonaka. Fodya uye doro munguva ino zvinongororwa zvakasiyana.
Iyi hurumende inofanira kuonekwa kubva kune imwe kusvika pamwedzi miviri kusvika mitatu mushure mekushanda, zvichienderana nezera uye kukurumidza kwekudzoka. Kana murwere ane zvirwere zvinogadzirisa zvinokanganisa maziso, nguva yekudzorera ingave yakareba.