Kuwanda kwehuwandu hwekunyanya kuvhara mune bhiridha ndechimwe chezvirwere zvinowanzovhiringidzika muhutano. Kenza yeruchiva mune zvepabonde zvisina kusimba kazhinji kazhinji inowirirana pane iyo yakasimba hafu. Chirwere ichi chinowanzoonekwa kuvanhu vakura uye vakwegura - kubva pamakore makumi mashanu kusvika makumi masere.
Chikonzero chechirwere ichi chinotyisa ndicho chikonzero chezvikonzero zvinokurudzira uye zvakanyanya kukurumidza kuisa carcinogenesis (maitiro, kupatsanurwa uye kuputsa kwekuparadzaniswa kweeococells) mumuviri wemurwere. Kuvhiringidza kwechirwere ichi chakaipa ndechokuti kuratidzwa kwekutanga kwekenza yekubvisa kunoonekwa kare mumatanho ekupedzisira, apo hurongwa hunoenda kure. Zvadaro, tichaedza kubhadhara zvinokonzera, kuongororwa uye kurapwa zvinokonzera kenza yemukaka.
Kanzera yeruchiva - zvinokonzera
Sezvatave tataura, huwandu hwezvinhu zvinokonzera hutachiona hunozivikanwa hunovhiringidza nzira yekugadzirisa uye kupatsanurwa kwevecocells muchikwereti. Izvi zvinosanganisira:
- kushanda pane zvinokuvadza zvemabhizimisi (shanda neyiline dyes uye nhengo dzayo, pende uye varnish, chikozi uye indasitiri yebazi);
- kusvuta;
- kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka zvinokonzerwa necarcinogenic (cyclophosphamide);
- kazhinji kuputika kwemukati membrane yebladder (cystitis).
Kuongororwa kwekenza yemukaka
Kazhinji, varwere vanotsvaka rubatsiro kubva kuna chiremba pavanotanga kunzwa kurwadziwa mumimba pasi. Murwere kwenguva yakareba anogona kukanganwa zviratidzo zvakadai sekuti: kazhinji kunyorera , kurwadziwa panguva yekurwadziwa kwechirwere, kunzwa kuti hausi kubvisa zvachose chidimbu mushure mokunge uchishamba. Murwere anofanirwa kuchenjerera kudonha urini neropa, kunyange pasina kuora.
Kubva kuchikoro chekuongororika uye yebhoratori, ruzivo rwemuti urwere hunokosha zvikuru, izvo zvinokubvumira kuona erythrocytes mumuginhi (vanogona kuva mairi kunyange kana urinha isingachinji).
Pane dzimwe nzira dzekuongorora, ultrasound (inobvumira munhu kuona kuora kwemuviri wechiso, asi haaoni kukanganisa kumutsipa) kunokosha zvikuru.
Cystoscopy - panguva iyo chirwere ichi chinopindwa muine optical tube uye inoongorora masvingo echando. Munguva yekugadzirisa, bhiopsy yezvinhu zvinokonzera nzvimbo yechipfuva yakatorwa inotorwa, inoteverwa nekudzidza kwemaitiro ake.
X-ray kuongorora pamwe nekuiswa kwemavara akasiyana-siyana mumucheka wechipfuva inokubvumira kuona chimiro uye nekukura kwechirwere.
Nhanho dzekenza yemukaka
Kuti uone kuti ndepapi pane chirwere chiripo chakakosha zvikuru, sezvo maitiro ehutano anobva pane izvi. Iyi nhanho inotevera yechipfuva inozivikanwa:
- kenza yechirwere 0 (mucosal kukuvadzwa kwebhedal membrane) danho nekukurumidza kuonekwa uye kurapwa kwakagadzirirwa panguva ino kunotsigira kupora mu 100% emhosva;
- ane kenza yemukati wechitsauko 1, tumarara inokura mumadziro echisviniro, asi chiremara chemuviri chidiki;
- kenza yemukati wechipfuva chechipiri inoratidzirwa nekwakakura kwechiremera chekukura uye kumera kwemasastases mune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri dzeropa;
- mune zvikamu zvitatu zvehutachiona hutachiona, tumarara inokura kuva nhengo dziri pedyo;
- kenza yekanyara ye 4th degree inoratidzwa nekuvapo kwema-metastases akawanda kune nhengo dziri kure.
Kanzera yenyuchi - kurapwa
Mukurapa kwechirwere chechirwere chechirwere, maitiro ekurapa uye anochengetedza (chemotherapy uye therapy radiation) anozivikanwa. Imwe nzira yekurapa inoshandiswa zvikuru kazhinji (kana murwere apera uye asisina simba), kusanganiswa kwezviverengero zvinowanzoshandiswa.
Nokudaro, takakurukura mamiriro ezvinhu anotyisa uye ehupenyu sekuparara kwechirwere. Kuti kuderedze njodzi yechirwere inofanira kudzivisa kushanda mune zvinotyisa zvemabhizimisi, kurega tsika dzakaipa uye, kana zvichibvira, kudzivirira cystitis.