Chero munhu upi zvake anofanira kudzidza kuti angachengetedza sei gorobheni. Zvakaoma kurondedzera huno hunhu hunokosha hwezvikwanisi izvi zvinoshamisa, izvo zviri pakati pezvibereko zvebindu rekutanga. Pamusika, vanoonekwa kare, vachikwevera kutarisa kwekutengeserana nekunhuhwirira, asi mishonga yemumba chete inogona kuva 100% inobatsira uye yakachengeteka.
Nzira yekuchengeta strawberries?
Kuibva kwekutanga kwekutengeserana kwebriki kunokonzera munzvimbo dzinodziya pakupera kwaMay. Nguva yevarimi vemasimiro ekutsvaga kushandiswa kwekuchengetedza zvakakwana kushandiswa kwegorobherries zvishoma, chero kunonoka nekugadza, kudiridza kana zvimwe zvinhu zvinotungamirira kukuderera kwehutano hwezvirimwa, kunokanganisa kuoneka kwezvibereko zvine jira. Dzimba dzekutsvakurudza uye vashoma vanofarira vanogara vachinyatsofunga nezvekuvandudza kushandiswa kwemhando dzakasiyana siyana, saka varimi vekudacha nevarimi vanoda kuziva zvakananga maitiro ezvitsva zvakagadzirwa, maitiro avo ehupenyu.
Kana mhando dzakasiyana dzewashwiberi mukurima uye kutarisirwa zvakasiyana zvishoma, zvino gwenzi remazuva ano rinogona kusiyaniswa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzinobatana nehurefu hwehutachiwana kana kukwanisa kuisa maoriki munguva yechirungu. Kune avo vanoda kushandisa chimiro chekushongedza, vanoda vanoda kuwana zviyo zvinotapira kusvika pakupera kwegore, gore roga roga zvinyorwa zvinonakidza zvinoonekwa.
Ampelic strawberry - kuchengetedza uye kukura
Chinhu chakasiyana chekuchengetedza michero yemaspreberry ampel ndiyo inogona kuitika panguva imwechete yehusi pamasayera matsvuku. Kana iwe uchitenga zvakasiyana-siyana kugadziriswa kweimba kana gorofu rinokura zvakanaka pasi pechiedza chisinganyanyi kukosha, iwe uchapedza maoriro matsva kwenguva yakareba kusvikira kutanga kwechando chando. Kuchengetedza gorosi ya ampel ine mavara akasiyana-siyana. Inokura pamubhedha, nerubatsiro rwezvitsigiro zvakasvibirira, nenzira yemaruva anotunga.
Anovimbisa zvakasiyana-siyana zve ampel strawberries:
- Kuvandudzwa,
- Finland,
- Mambokadzi Elizabeth II,
- Alba,
- Geneva,
- Moscow zvinonaka,
- Osatra,
- Elsanta.
Ichitsvaga sitirobi - kuchengetedza uye kukura
Nezveiyo sitirobheri, pane dzakawanda zvenhema uye zvinyorwa zvinokonzerwa nekutengeswa kwemazana kune vateki vemhando dzisina kubereka dzakashambadzirwa marudzi akasiyana-siyana asinganzwisisiki. Iyi tsika nehupenyu hwayo haikwanise kukwira zvakasununguka pamashizha pamwe nekusimbiswa kwemashoko akaita sehombodo kana mazambiringa, saka usatenda chekuita. Nzira yakanakisisa ndeyokutarisira kunamatira kwema strawberries pamubhedha wakajeka. Pamusoro pekuumbwa kwemhando, mazai e ampel ane nguva yakareba 1.5 m antennae anoshandiswa.
Patsigiro reberry haritomborwi nekuora, pakureba kwezvibereko hakusviki kune slugs, mabhiza anotora zvishoma nzvimbo. Icho chiri nyore kwazvo kuiisa iyo mubhairi kana pombi yepurasitiki yakazadzwa nevhu, necheka rakakomberedza mashizha kusvika kusvika masendimita masere pakureba kwemiti. Mukati megadziro, tambo duku yesimbi inofanira kuiswa kuti ipe mvura. Kuchengetedza sitirobheni zviri nani zvakarongeka muzuva pedyo nevharo kana rusvingo rweimba, pano ichashanda sechinhu chakaisvonaka chekushandura.
Mhando dzakasiyana siyana dzejasi kuti zvive zvakanyatsogadzirwa:
- Sakhalin,
- Herzberg,
- Ada,
- San Rival,
- Ostara,
- Eros,
- Tsamba Nyota 2002,
- Frapendula.
Kuchengeta patch ye strawberries
Kusiyana nemhando dzakasiyana nemichero imwechete, chigamba chemasukisi chinokwanisa kufadza mudiri nemabriji maviri kana kupfuura kamwe pagore. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekukwanisa kwezvipenyu izvi kuisa mazai ehuruwa pahurefu kana kusatsigira zuva rezuva. Kana kutarisira strawberry kwave kwakasununguka, saka marudzi akawanda anounza kukohwa kokutanga munaJuly (kusvika ku40% yehuwandu hwehuseji), uye yechipiri (yakanyanya) munaSeptember-August.
Kuchengetedza strawberries patchwork kune zvinhu. Iyo inokura nekukurumidza uye inoda nguva dzose kutora mbeu kune dzimwe nguva dzese 2-3, kunyange miti yakakura-musango inokurumidza kukanganisa zvibereko zvayo pamakore. Mitsva itsva inodyarwa kubva kumasitokiti emiti yemiti, kushandiswa kwayo kunogadzirwa pamagumo emwaka musati wasvika kwechando. Mune bhizinesi, kuti zvakanaka sei kutarisira strawberries yekugadzirisa zvidzidzo, hapana matambudziko makuru. Zvakashandurwa zvakarurama pamusoro pekufambisa kwemakore maviri-gore yekurima, zvinokwanisika kugamuchira michero yakawanda yemichero nguva yose yechando.
Mhando dze remontant strawberries:
- Mambokadzi Elizabeth II,
- Muedzo,
- Monterey,
- Dhaimondi,
- Moscow zvinonaka,
- San Andreas,
- Evie 2,
- Albion.
Kuchengetedzwa kwakakodzera kwewaini
Iyi tsika inoshamisa uye inokosha inogona kukura munharaunda chero ipi zvayo yevhu, kunze kwemahombe uye sande yakaoma. Midzi yegwenzi iri panzvimbo isina kudzika kusvika kusvika masendimita makumi maviri, mvura yevhu pasi yakadzika kupfuura 70 cm inogona kuvakuvadza. Kuti chero mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvirimwa, semuenzaniso Giantella strawberries, kana uchibvuma uye uchikura zvibereko zvakanaka kwazvo, zviri nani kuzvisima pamubhedha wakasiyana kana pakati pemiganhu iri mumunda muduku.
Nzira dzekuberekwa kwewainirobheni:
- Kuberekwa nembeu inzira inoshandiswa inoshandiswa zvikuru nevarimi. Inokodzera sitirobheri-isina shriberi, kukura uye kuchengetwa kunosanganiswa nematambudziko. Mbeu inowanikwa kubva muchero wakakanganiswa, iyo yakaoma uye yakaoma.
- Kuberekwa kwewashwiberi nekugadzikana kwegwenzi - kunoshandiswa kana pane urombo hwekudyara zvinhu. Miti miduku haina kukodzera nokuda kweizvi, unogona kutema midzi yemakore gumi nemana.
- Kuberekwa neveve inzira iri nyore uye yakakurumidza yekukura sitirobheni, inozivikanwa zvikuru mumunda wekurima. Zvinokurudzirwa kutora ma 2-3 tendrils ekushanda, uye kubvisa zvakasara zvinotsvaga. Kuchengetedza sitirobheri yakagadzirwa kubva munyeredzi, iri nyore, asi inoda kuwedzerwa kuchengetwa kwezvirimwa kusvika pakugadziriswa kwakakwana mubindu.
Chinochera kuchengetedza strawberries
Kushanda pamabhedha kunotanga nekuchenesa nzvimbo yakakwirira yevhu kubva kumasora uye zvipembenene. Kubvisa zvachose ivhu kuhupamhi hwemamiriyoni masendimita zvisingagoni, saka tinosunungura zvachose nyika pakati pemakwenzi kusvika pakadzika masendimita 8. Munyaya yacho, maitiro ekuchengeta strawberries munguva yegore, zvakakosha kubvisa futi yehutachiona. Bvisa zvachose zvakasviba, zvakasviba kana mashizha mashizha ne hibernating spores yezvinokuvadza fungi.
Kuchengetedza kubzala strawberries
Kuonekwa kwemaruva okutanga kunoita kuti varimi vashandise, asi zvinotarisirwa kuti varambe vachengetedza strawberries panguva, vachiita zvese zvakaoma zvezviyero zvekuwedzera berry rinofadza kuti vawane kukohwa kwakakwana. Urongwa hwebasa hunosanganisira kufungisa mbeu, kudiridza, kubvisa chikamu chemashizha, kusunungura ivhu. Zvimwe zvinokonzerwa nemakwenzi nema secateur akachekwa uye akatakurwa kubva panzvimbo, iyo nzira inobatsira kuchengetedza simba rinozoenda pakuumbwa kwezvibereko.
Iwe unogona kubatsira kupora mapurisa mukati mekufamba kwenguva kuti uwedzere nhamba yemabriji. Nokuda kweizvi, zvipura uchi hwechisikigo mu 1 litre yemvura uye shandisa mhinduro pamubhedha, uchikwezva nyuchi. Ichi chiitiko chinobatsira nemvura zhinji, fogs, kupisa kwakanyanya kana kutonhora. Nzira yechipiri ndeyokunyatsotakura bhora rakanyorova remvura pamaruva masikati kwemasikati kuti uwedzere maruva kubva kune rimwe gwenzi kusvika kune rimwe. Kuchengeta sitirobheni mushure mokutumbuka kunosunungura ivhu, kunwisa, kubvisa masora nekukohwa.
Kutarisira strawberries mushure mekuwana fruiting
Vatangi vakawanda, vaunganidza michero inonaka, vakakanganwa nezvemiti. Hatigoni kushivirira kuwedzerwa kwebindu nemasora, mbeu yezvinomera zvinokuvadza dzichabukira, kubuda kwemhepo uye inowanikwa gore rinotevera. Vamwe varimi vemotokari vanochera pasi mavara akare, asi izvi zvinosarudzwa nenjodzi. Zvinokwanisika, pamwe chete nehutema mashoma, kuti urasire rudiments yemashizha mashoma, izvo zvinotungamirira kumatambudziko ekuchando uye kuora kwemafruiting. Kuchengetedza sitirobheni munyika ino inonyanya kuitwa ne-pruner, zvinyoro zvishoma kuderedza tambo dzisina kukodzera uye kufa mapepa, pasina kuodza itsvo.
Kuchengeta strawberries mukwata
Weeding uye kusunungura kwemigwagwa inoenderera mberi kusvikira kuchitonhora kwechando. Kazhinji rhizome haina kubhururuka, kuwedzera mamiriro ezvinhu emasango. Kubvumira kuchengetwa kwegorobheri kunosanganisira chikamu chekuregererwa kwemazuva ose emidziyo yekuwana. Kudya ivhu rakadururirwa pedyo nehosi, kwete kukotsira mukugadzirisa "mwoyo". Kupora shrubriji kunotanga muna August. Kubvira pakutanga kwaSeptember makemikari echeari haagoni kubviswa, asi zvakanyanya kukuvadzwa uye zvakaparadzwa mashizha mapepa anobviswa.
Munzvimbo dzinotonhora, mbeu dzinoda kudzivirirwa kubva kuchando. Kana chifukidzo chechando chisina simba, uye kutonhora kunowira kumatambudziko makuru, saka mhando dzakawanda dzinosviba. Muchengetedzo kunobatsira kudzimba mazambiringa mashizha kana mashizha akavhara 5 cm kana kupfuura. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuvhara nyika mumigwagwa, nekudzivirira kuchengetedza midzi nemiti kubva kunotonhorera, kuderedza dambudziko rekurasikirwa kwekukohwa kwezvakaburikiti zvinonaka.
Kudyisa kwewaini
Pasina ivhu rakaorera, hazvibviri kuwana sitirobheni yakanakisisa, munguva yegore, kuyamura nemafuta inobatsira inomera inounganidza simba yekugadzira uye kusungisa majikiji makuru, uye mumashonga ekuzorora ane zvakakosha pakubatanidza mazai emiti inotevera. Pane zvirongwa zvakawanda zvekuiswa kwezvibereko panguva yekukura. Pasi pemugwenzi wakadururwa kubva kune 0.5 litita kusvika 1 litre yeiyo yakashambiswa mumvura manyowa.
Kupfekedza kwepamusoro yewaini yakasvibirira mumhepo shure kwechando kunyauka:
- Mhinduro ye 1 tbsp. ammonium sulfate uye 2 makapu eMulein pabhodhi remvura.
- Kumusoro kupfeka nechinangwa che Mullein muchiyero che1:10.
- Kumusoro kupfekedza nechinangwa chekudya manyowa muchiyero 1:12.
Fertilizer strawberries mushure mekukohwa:
- A solution ye nitrosfos (2 tablespoons) uye potassium sulfate (1 teyi) mumugomo wemvura.
- Dissolve 100 g yemadota kusvika mumugomo wemvura.
- Mhinduro ye potassium nitrate (2 mashupuni) mubhodhoro remvura.
Pamusoro-kupfekedzwa kwegorobheni mumazamu apera:
- Mhinduro ye Mullein nemvura (1:10) pamwe nekuwedzera kwehafu yegirazi yemhangura.
- An integrated integration of mineral fertilizers. Bhodhi remvura inoda nitroammophoska (2 litita), potassium sulfate (30 g) uye 1 girasi yemadota.
Kunyorera sitiroji
Kuti urege kuwana michero yakaoma uye yakaoma, unofanirwa kugara uchidiridza mbeu dzinomera. Strawberry inoda kudyara uye kugadzira kunze kunze kwezuva, asi haifariri kupera kwakakwana kwevhu. Panzvimbo dzisina kusimba zvinoda kupa 12 litre pa 1 m 2 yevhu pasi pemvura yekudiridza, uye kusvika 14 litres pa1 m2 pane ivhu revhu. Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa mvura inodziya mangwanani. Pakati pemvura zhinji, mvura inomira inomira, mumhepo inopisa inobudiswa muvhiki kusvika 3-4 nguva.
Nzira yekuchengetedza strawberries - kuisa
Zvakanakisisa kubudisa mabasa awa pakuguma kwezhizha, munguva yehuni yekuti miti inotakura midzi zvakanaka. Munharaunda dzine mamiriro okunze asina kutonhora, zvakaoma kusarudza nguva yakanaka yewashwiti, kushanduka kwekuchera uye kutarisira mabhuru maduku kunoitwa munzvimbo dzakadaro pakarepo chando chanyura. Inomera midzizi mushure mekudonha ichiputirwa mumupfudze, kutema kusvika kune masendimita 8. Munzira, kureba kwemasendimita 70-80 kunogona kuchengetedzwa, pakati pemiti kusvika pamasendimita 25. Nzira yekona-yakadzika, 50x50 cm inonamirwa pachirongwa.Iyo inorambidzwa zvachose kuzadza mwoyo weSrobberry kana uchidyara.