Murimi wega wega anoziva kuti imwe yemiti inodyarwa inoda fertilizing. Nhasi, unogona kusangana nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana: bhakitiriya, mineral, zvokudya zvinowedzera, nezvimwewo. Nzvimbo inokosha mune urongwa urwu inotorwa nehuwandu hwemumanyorera.
Organic fertilizer mavara uye maitiro
Zvigadzirwa zvebasa rinokosha zvisikwa zvipenyu kana zvisikwa zvavo ndezvokugadzirwa kwepamusoro. Kune marudzi akadaro ehuwandu emumanyorera:
- Manyowa. Uyu ndiwo mushonga unokosha zvikuru. Pakuumbwa kwayo, inenge 75% yemvura, 21% yezvinhu zvakasikwa, 0.5% ye nitrogen, 0.25% ye nyore nyore digestible phosphorus, 0.6% ye potassium oxide. Unhu hwekudya hunoenderana nemhando yemhuka, chikafu chayo, marara uye kunyange nzira yekuchengetedza mbeu.
- Nhizi dzinodonha. Iyo njiwa uye madonhi ekoko anonzi inonyanya kukosha, uye gorosi uye dhaka zvisinganyanyi kukosha.
- Peat. Haina mishonga yakawanda inowanikwa kumiti, asi inovandudza chimiro chevhu uye inowedzera humus yayo.
- Il (sapropel). Kuunganidza pane pasi pemvura, ine phosphorus yakawanda, potassium, nitrogen, humus.
- Mhuka. Mvura inoyerera ichibva mumakungwa inochengetedza mineral zvinhu nyore nyore zvakasimbiswa nemiti.
- Sawdust. Iyi ivhu inenge iripo inowedzera kubereka kwevhu, inowedzera mhepo yavo inokwana uye inopisa simba, asi zvakakosha kushandisa fertilizer chete mufananidzo.
- The Ciderates. Ihwo hutema hwemajisi, sunflowers, buckwheat, phacelia nemimwe michina.
- Compost. Gadzirirai kubva kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasvibiswa nehupenyu: shiri dzinodonha, feces, manyowa, miti yakasvibira, nezvimwewo.
Ndechipi musiyano pakati pezvisikwa zvinogadzirwa nemafuta uye mineral fertilizer?
Kuti zvifudze zvirimwa, mineral uye organic fertilizer zvinoshandiswa, izvo zvine kusiyana kukuru:
- Sezvo organic fertilizer ichinhu chechisikigo chechimiro chechisikigo, hachina chekukuvadza kune ivhu, izvo zvisingagoni kutaurwa nezvemakemikari akaita mineral fertilizing.
- Zvinhu zvakakosheswa zvakakosha zvinowanikwa mune zvakawanda zvishoma (izvo zvinonzwisisika) pakuenzanisa nemaminera anobudiswa nemabhizimisi emabhizimisi.
- Izvozvo zvinokonzerwa nehuguru zvakaoma uye zvinogara kwenguva refu, asi zvinokonzerwa nemamineral fertilizing zvinowanikwa nokukurumidza.
- Kuti inamire pane imwe nzvimbo, vashoma mineral fertilizer inodiwa kupfuura yehupenyu.
- Kuwedzerwa kubereka kwezvinhu zvakasikwa kunoiswa muvhu zvakafanana. Mineral top dressing inoshandiswa kufungisisa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, somuenzaniso, kudyara imwe rudzi rwemiti, ivhu, nezvimwewo.
Nzira dzekuisa zvirongwa zvinoshandiswa
Ivhu rakaorera ndiro chitubu chemiti ine utano uye zvibereko zvakakura. Nokudaro, kuiswa kwehuwandu hwemumanyorera muvhu inomirira agrotechnical measure. Kune nzira dzakawanda dzinokosha dzekuisa nenyaya yehupenyu:
- Preseeding or basic. Miti inoshandiswa inotanga kusati yatanga kupera kana kuswa kwevhu. Iyi nzira inobvumira kupa zvirimara zvine chikafu chinodiwa kwenguva yose yekukura kwavo. Ivhareji inoshandiswa yemiti inosanganisa mbeu inenge 6-8 kg pa 1 sq. Km. m) Nevhu rakaoma ivhu, iyo yakasikwa yakabatanidzwa kusvika pakadzika anenge masendimita 15. Pa chernozem uye ivhu rakaoma, kudzika kwemukati kunokwanisa kusvika 25 cm.
- Nguva yekudyara. Mushonga inoshandiswa panguva yekudyara mbeu kana kudyara mbeu. Kudya kwakadaro kunopa vana vaduku michero yekudya pakutanga kwekukura kwavo, vane midzi yakasimba. Mune ramangwana, vanonyanya kudzivisa kusakanganiswa kwemamiriro ekunze nematambudziko.
- Mushure membeu. Organic inoiswa panguva yekukura. Inopa zvirimwa nezvinhu zvakakosha munguva yekukura kwavo kwakasimba.
Ndiyo yakanakisisa inogadzirisa manyowa
Varimi vane ruzivo vasina ruzivo vanowanzoda kuziva zvinoshandiswa mumagadzirirwo emiti zvinoshandiswa pakutsvaga miti yakasiyana-siyana. Mushure mezvose, pakati pemhando dzakawanda dzekupfekedza dzimwe nguva zvinogona kunge zvakaoma kusarudza muganisi unokosha kune ivhu rako. Mukuwedzera, maitiro avo akasiyana haana kuenzana mukubudirira kwavo. Izvozvo zvinokonzerwa nehupenyu zvinokonzera matanho mazhinji anoitika muvhu:
- Inowedzera iyo substrate nezvinodiwa zvikamu zvezvirimwa.
- Inovandudza chimiro chevhu.
- Rinodzora asidi yevhu.
- Inotakura mhirizhonga uye inovandudza mvura yakakwana yepasi inosanganiswa.
- Inokurudzira kubereka kwebhakitiriya kunobatsira pasi.
- Carbon dioxide, iyo inosunungurwa panguva yekuputsika, inobatanidzwa mumiti ye photosynthesis.
Organic fertilizer yezvirimwa zvemukati
Pakati pevadzidzisi, hapana maonero evanhu pamusoro pekugadzirisa kwekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakagadziriswa zvekupfeka kupfeka kwemukati wemaruva. Manyoreji akadaro achaita kuti ivhu rivhenganidze humwe mhepo-uye unyoro-inogadziriswa uye ichaita kuti kukura kwemavara akawanda. Asi zvakadaro, kune maruva ehuni uye mabhuruu ekudyisa kwehupenyu haakodzeri, uye mitsvuku uye variegated mashizha emamwe mimwe michero ine kuwedzera kwezvirimwa zvakadaro zvinogona kuva zvinyoro. Izvo zvakanakisisa manyowa emiti yemaruva ndehuni yehuni uye humus.
Organic fertilizers yegindu
Kuti uwane zviyo zvakanakisa kubva kune infield, unofanira kugara uchingopa nyika. Kuti uite izvi, iwe unogona kusarudza yakanakisisa fertilizer inoita munda:
- cow dung;
- compost;
- ash;
- sawdust;
- peat;
- mhodzi yakasvibirira - inotenderera;
- nyoni droppings.
Organic fertilizer ane maoko
Kune avo vanoda kukura michero nemiriwo pasina kushandiswa kwemakemikari, tinogona kukukurudzira kuti uite manyowa ehuga mumba mako:
- Banana peel. Inofanira kuvigwa pedyo nemiti. Kudonha, kuchava mupfudze chaiyo. Uye kana iwe uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uri mumvura, iwe unowana kupfeka kwemvura kunokodzera miti yemichero nemaruva.
- Kushungurudza munyu. Inoita kuti ivhu rive nesarufa uye magnesium uye rinogona kushandiswa kumamato uye roses. 1 tbsp. nhema. iyo mishonga inoputika mu 1 litre yemvura uye ichi chirimwa chinonwisa nemiti.
- Kudya uswa. Kubva mauri unogona kugadzirira mboji ine nitrogen. Kuti uite izvi, uzadza tangi neuswa uye uzadze nemvura. Inopa mazuva 3-5, uye ipapo inonwisa michero, kusanganisa tincture nemvura muchiyero che1:10.
- Kupindira pamudziyo. Iyo yakagadzirirwa maererano nemirairo yakafanana, uye mimwe michero inogona kushandiswa nayo.
- Kahawa nzvimbo. Ichazadza ivhu ne nitrogen uye kuwedzera asidi yayo. Iyi fungidzi yakakodzerwa nemumukati nekunze kwemaruva.
Minuses ye organic fertilizer
Kushandiswa kwehuniki yemuiti mukukura kwezvirimwa zvakasiyana-siyana kunobatsira zvakawanda, asi kunewo zvinhu zvisina kunaka mukushandisa kwavo:
- Kuiswa kwezvibereko zvevhu muvhu.
- Mune manyowa, uye kunyanya mumuriwo, kune nhamba huru yemasora.
- Organic uye yakaoma fertilizer inodhura.