Pneumonia - zviratidzo zvausina kuziva nezvazvo

Pneumonia, zviratidzo zvayo muzvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kuzviratidza pachavo nenzira dzakasiyana, inonzi chirema chinokuvadza. Chirwere chacho ndechimwe chinhu chinotapukira uye chinopisa. Sezvo mutemo, zvikamu zvose zvepermonary tishu zvinosanganiswa mairi, uye kana kurapwa kwechirwere chisingaitwi, zvinogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro yakakomba.

Chii chinonzi pneumonia, uye ine ngozi sei?

Kuvhiringidzika kunotanga pamusana pebasa rezvirwere zvepathogenic. Ichi ndicho chirwere chinowanzoitika, icho, maererano nehuwandu, inowanika kune vanhu 12-14 kubva kune 1000. Kana iwe ukacherechedza chirwere ichi munguva uye wotanga kuritora zvakarurama, kurarama nekuputika hakusi kwakaoma, asi hazviwanzoiti kutora matanho. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, kusvikira zvino, pneumonia chirwere chinouraya.

Ndeipi ngozi yechirumoni? Maitiro akaoma echirwere anogona kutungamirira kuparadzwa kwemapapu emapapu, uye migumisiro yehupfu inokonzera kushushikana, kukanganisa, kupisa uye kuporesa kusagadzikana, kushungurudzwa kunotapukira. Mukuwedzera, pneumonia inokonzera uye kusina-pulmonary zvinetso:

• encephalitis;
• hepatitis;
• sepsis;
• meningitis;
• otitis media;
• anemia;
• mastoiditis;
• psychosis.

Pneumonia - Species

Vakuru nevana vanogona kugadziriswa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvirwere. Mhando dzekuputika kwemapapu dzinotsanangurwa zvichienderana nezvimwe zvinhu zvakasiyana:

• etiology ye pathogen ichikonzera chirwere;
• chiyero chekuoma kunzwisisa kwechirwere;
• nzvimbo yekuvhiringidza kwenzvimbo;
• kliniki yevarwere.

Focal pneumonia

Iyi ndeimwe yemhando dzekurwadza kwakanyanya. Focal pneumonia, zviratidzo zvayo mumamiriro ose ega zvinoratidzika nenzira dzakasiyana, zvinoratidzwa nekutanga kwezvokuvhiringidza mukati mezvikamu zvishoma zvemapfupa emapapu. Sezvo mutemo, unobata zvidhinha zviduku - pulmonary lobules. Focal kutura kwemapapu muvanhu vakuru kunoitika mumatambudziko akawanda.

Croupous pneumonia

Nechimiro chechirwere ichi, chiitiko chikuru chekuputika chinowanikwa. Croupous pneumonia muvanhu vakuru inoperekedzwa nechirwere chechirwere chekudhakwa. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, zvinowedzerwa nekushanduka kwechipiri kunowanikwa munhengo dzomukati. Kana murwere asingagamuchiri kurapwa panguva yakakodzera, chirwere chacho chinogona kutungamirira kurufu rwake rwekukurumidza kuburikidza neuropi hypoxia kana yemwoyo uye kusaputsika kwekupera.

Croupous pneumonia, zviratidzo zvayo zvinowanzotaurwa, zvinowanikwa mumatanho mana:

1. Kurara Kwemazuva matatu, iyo inofanirwa kubhururuka, uye inowedzera exudate.
2. Kunonoka mazuva mashanu. Munguva iyi, mhepo yakasimuka kubva ku-alveoli inotsiviwa nefiber fibrous ine leukocytes, masero matsvuku eropa, epithelial cells.
3. Leukocytes inotanga kuisa muhuwandu.
4. Inouya musi we7-11. Nzira yekugadziriswa kwe fibrin inotanga.

Unilateral pneumonia

Urwu urwere hwehutano hunoratidzwa nekuvandudzika kwekuvhiringidza kwepamuviri mupapu rimwe chete. Kurudyi-hutachiona hwepineumonia inowanzoitika kakawanda kupfuura pneumonia yakasara. Chikonzero ndechekuti bronchus yakarurama inowanikwa zvakashata kubva kumusoro kumusoro, uye pathogenic microorganisms inoda kuunganidza mairi. Mukuwedzera, nhengo yacho iri shoma shoma uye inopfupi pane yakasara. Kuti zvidzivirire zvinetso, pakarepo kana zviratidzo zvakasimba-pedumoni zviratidzo zvinotanga kuratidza, pakarepo zvinodiwa kuti uwane zvakanyanya kuongororwa.

Pine-pedumine pneumonia

Ichi chirwere chakakomba chepermonary pathology, iyo inoratidzwa nekukundwa kwezvose zviri kumapapu uye kuruboshwe. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, pineumonia inobatana inokonzerwa nebasa repneumococcal bacteria. Denda iri rakanyanya, rinowanzopa zvinetso, izvo dzimwe nguva zvinotungamirira kurufu. Chirwere chinokonzera kubatana chinogona kuratidza zviratidzo mumuviri wevarwere vezera ripi neripi, asi semutemo, zvakakosha kutambura kakawanda kune avo vane utachiona husina kunyatsoumbwa kana kushayiwa simba.

Pneumonia - Zvinokonzera

Zvinokonzera kupisa zvinotanga nekuda kwehutachiona hwakasiyana. Izvozvo zvinokonzera kuputika kwepamusoro yepamusoro yepumusoro uye kugadzira zvakasununguka mamiriro ekuberekwa kwebhakitiriya. Zvichitaura zvishoma, zvikonzero zvinokonzera pneumonia zvirwere. Zvikonzero zvinogadzirisa zvirwere zvepneumonia ndezvi:

• zvirwere zvisingaperi (mwoyo, itsvo, mapapu);
• general anesthesia;
• immunodeficiency;
• kukwegura (varwere vanopfuura 60 uye pneumonia vanowanzorwara);
• kuita chirongwa chekudzidzira mafungiro emapapu;
• kushungurudza nicotine nedoro;
• kushungurudzika;
• kukanganisa magetsi kumapfupa;
• oncology;
• kurara kwenguva refu.

Causative agent pneumonia

Anenge nguva dzose iyo causative agent inopinda mumapapu kuburikidza nehutano hwemapfupa. Muzviitiko zvisingaiti, hutachiona hunoitika kuburikidza neropa kubva kune dzimwe foci yehutachiona mumuviri. Pane imwe nguva pathogenic microorganism inowanikwa mumapapu emapapu, kuputika kunowedzera, uye masero eropa ane macrophage anowanzoita, kuunganidza kwekunyanyisa kunotanga.

Mukuwedzera kune basa reKlebsiella matanda, pneumonia inogona kutanga nekuda kwezvirwere zvakadaro:

• pneumococcus ;
• staphylococci;
• legionella ;
• runyanga rutsvuku;
• E. coli;
• Chlamydia;
• moraxelles;
• streptococcus;
• aspergillus;
• pneumocyst;
• fungi ye genus Candida;
• mavirusi efivha, parainfluenza, rhinovirus .

Zviratidzo zvepineumonia

Zviratidzo zvepneumonia zvinogona kusiyana. Zviratidzo zvinotarisana nezvimwe zvinhu zvakasiyana:

• chikonzero chechirwere;
• zera remurwere;
• hutano huzhinji hwomurwere;
• zvinokonzera zvirwere.

Zviratidzo zvepumoniya zvinogona kutaurwa kana kupera. Kuvhiringidza kwemapapu kunewo maitiro, uye dzimwe nguva inowedzera kusinganzwisisiki. Chirwere chakaipisisa chinowanikwa kune vakwegura, vana uye avo vane hutachiona husina simba. Varwere vakadaro vanowedzera kune vamwe kuti vatarwe nezvinetso, uye vanoda kurapwa kwakanyanya. Uye zvinodikanwa kuti inotanga nokukurumidza kana zvichibvira mushure mokutanga kwekutanga zviratidzo. Zviratidzo zvepneumonia kune munhu mukuru ndezvizvi:

• kusuruvara mubhokisi nekukanganiswa nekufema kwakadzika;
• rattles dzinonzwika zvakajeka;
• kuneta;
• general malaise;
• headaches;
• kupfupika kwemhepo;
• kudedera kwezwi;
• pallor;
• chinhu chisina kunaka (kana chiri pamwe chete ne cyanosis ye nasolabial triangle, izvi zvinogona kuratidza hutachiona hypoxia mune pineumonia yakazara ).

Kutonhora pamapineumonia

Kuvhiringidza kwemapapu kunogona kuitika uye uye pasina kutonhora. Varwere vakawanda vanotambura nehuni, izvo zvisingagumbusi kunyange antipyretic zvinodhaka (kusagadzikana kwemishonga yakasiyana-siyana ndeimwe yezviratidzo zvinoratidza pneumonia). Pavari kutonhora kunokwira kusvika 39 - 40 degrees, uye kunewo vakadai vakadai vanonzwa chete malaise. Nzvimbo ye thermometer haina kukwira pamusoro pe 37,5 degrees, asi kunyange zvakadaro iwe unofanira kubvunza chiremba.

Zviratidzo zvepneumonia kune munhu mukuru asina kutonhora zvakasiyana nezviratidzo zve "chirwere" chetsika:

1. Sezvo mutemo, varwere vane pneumonia ganda rakasviba rechiso, uye pamatama kune chinhu chisina kusimba.
2. Kana iwe ukateerera, unogona kusiyanisa kuti kufema kwomurwere kunofambidzana nemuromo usina kunaka.
3. Chero basa ripi zvaro rinokonzera kupfupika kwemhepo.
4. Varwere vakawanda vanotora kufamba zvakaoma kufamba, vanopika uye vanonwa nguva dzose.
5. Kazhinji varwere vanonyunyuta pamusoro pekutambudzika pavanenge vachitendeuka.

Gorova neyo pneumonia

Ichi ndicho chimwe chezviratidzo zvikuru zvechirwere ichi. Sezvo mutemo, mumatanho ekutanga ekukanganiswa kune akaoma uye anopa zvakawanda zvakaoma, nokuti anogumbusa chirwere chacho nguva dzose. Sezvo chirwere chacho chichikura, chifukidzi chinova chinyoro uye chinoperekedzwa nekududzirwa kwehuputi hwemavara e-yellowish-greenish. Kurwisa kunokonzera kurwadziwa mubhokisi. Dzimwe nguva kubhururuka kwechikafu kunoratidzika pazvakabva.

Kunyange zvazvo inokonzera matambudziko akawanda, kukwezva chiratidzo che "zvakanaka". Munguva yekurwisana nemapurogm, chirwere chinotorwawo kubva pamapapu. Kana pneumonia isina kukweta inowanikwa, ipapo zvirwere zvinorambira mumumuviri uye zvinoramba zvichiwedzera, uye izvi zvinowedzera nezvinetso. Kusavapo kwekugumburwa kunogona kuonekwa muvarwere vakangobva kuitirwa bronchitis kana laryngitis.

Kukuvadza kwemapapu asina zviratidzo

Chimiro chechirwere ichi chinoratidzwa, sekutonga, kurwisana nemamiriro ekudzivirirwa kwepasi, kusadya kusingadzorwi kwevanhu vanorwisa mabhakitiriya kana kurapwa kwenguva refu nemishonga inorwisa. Kana zviratidzo zvepineumonia zvisipo, uye chirwere mumumuviri chinokura, kuongororwa kwe "latent pneumonia" kunoitwa. Chiratidzo chikuru chechirwere chinogona kunge chiri kukurumidza kufema kufema. Varwere mumwe nomumwe vanocherechedza kuti nekuputika kwenguva pfupi vakava neruzivo rweutano, vachitora mweya wakafema.

Kucherechedza kuti isymptomatic pneumonia inogoneka uye pane zviratidzo zvakadai se:

• kufamba kusina kukwana kwechifuva;
• kushaya simba;
• kuneta zvakaneta;
• kusakwanisa kutora kufema kwakadzika;
• kurwadziwa paunenge uchishandura chikamu chepamusoro chedu.

Ndeipi chirwere chepneumonia chinowanikwa?

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kusafungirwa kwekuputika kunoitika pamwe nachiremba panguva yekuongorora. Paunenge uchitarisa pneumonia, X-ray ine basa rinokosha. Ichi ndicho chiyiko chikuru chekuongorora. Iyo roentgenogram inoratidza zvakajeka kukosha kwekuputika. Mukuwedzera kune fluoroscopy, nyanzvi inofanirwa kuitisa bhenatori kuongororwa uye kuongorora tsvina. Iyo nzira inobatsira kuziva mamiriro ehutachiona uye kuziva chirwere chepathogen, icho chinobatsira pakugadzwa kwehutano hwakanaka.

Chikamu chinokosha chekuongororwa nderopa rekuongorora ropa. Nhamba yakawedzerwa yemasero machena eropa acharatidza hutachiona kana bhakitiriya kubva kune chirwere. Imwe nzira yekuongorora ndiyo bronchoscopy. Iyi inzira isina kufadza, asi inobatsira kudzidza bruchichi. Chinokosha chetsika yacho iri muchitauriro kuburikidza nemhino kana muromo wehutumbi hudiki, iyo iyo nhengo dzinoongororwa uye, kana zvichidikanwa, mukoko inotorwa kubva panzvimbo yekuvhiringidza.

Nyumoniya - kurapwa

Therapy inofanira kuva yakazara uye iri nani kana ichiitwa muchipatara. Nzira yekurapa pneumonia, chiremba anofunga. Basa remu murwere nderokuteerera zvakakwana zvinyorwa zvose zvechiremba. Kana zvisina kudaro, kurapa kunogona kunonoka, uye mamiriro ezvinhu - akawedzera. Kurapa kwekuputika kunosanganisira mabasa akadaro:

1. Reception ye antibacterial drugs. Mune chiitiko chaicho uye chisingaverengeki chechirwere, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inorayirwa mumapiritsi kana makapisisi. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mishonga inotarisirwa mukati.
2. Physiotherapy. Unilateral pneumonia pasina chifuva uye zviratidzo zvakasimba zvinogona kurapwa ne ultraviolet irradiation nemimwe nzira.
3. Musha mushonga. Vamwe varwere vanokurudzirwa kuti vaite musweard wrappings, kuti vabate nemishonga uye vanofema kuporesa gymnastics.