Zima gorosi ndeimwe yezviyo zvakakosha uye zvakapararira panyika. Kukosha kwezviyo kunotsanangurwa nehuwandu hwemafuta, mapuroteni, makhahydrates uye zvimwe zvinhu uye microelements mairi. Nehuwandu hweprotini yakagadzikana, ichando yegorosi inopfuura zvimwe zviyo zvose.
Sezvazvinozivikanwa, hupfu hwegorosi hunoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakugadzira chingwa, mumutambo wekutengesa, unoberekawo pasta, semolina. Zviyo zvinogadzira starch, doro nezvakadaro. Uye kuparara kubva kunwa doro uye kupfuwa kwekugadzira mishonga inova zvokudya zvinokosha zvemhuka.
Mhando dzegorosi yechando
Nhasi ndiyo rudzi rwakapararira zvikuru rwegorosi, rine zvipfuuri zvinopfuura 250 nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana zvezviuru. Mhando dzakawanda uye dzinoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana dzegorosi yechando:
- "Rosinka Tarasovskaya";
- "Kukudzwa";
- "Nemchinovskaya-24";
- "Gavhuna weDon";
- "Moscow-39";
- "Tarasovo kutema";
- "Lyubava Odesskaya";
- "Ukrainka Poltava",
- "Lada Odessa";
- "Mironovskaya 65";
- "Mironovskaya 66";
- "Lelya";
- "Kharkov 105".
Muzhinji, gorosi yechando inoparadzaniswa nesimba reupfu mu:
- Gorosi rakasimba igorosi ine mwero wepuroteni yakagadzikana, gluten yekutanga yeboka boka, iyo inopa chikafu chepamusoro chekudya. Inovandudza zvinhu zveupfu kubva kune gorosi risina simba.
- Avhareji yegorosi - ine puroteni shoma uye gluten (3rd quality group). Muzhinji, ine zvakanaka kubika zvinhu, asi haikwanise kuwedzera hupfu kubva kune gorosi risina simba.
- Gorosi rakakosha rakaperera muprotheni uye gluten. Kubva kubva pairi kunopa chingwa chechimiro chakashata nechokudzivirira zvinyorwa uye zviduku.
- Gorosi inokosha - nehupamhi hwehuyo huri pedyo nehusimba, asi hahufananidzi nawo mumitambo yakawanda.
Kukura kwegorosi yechando
Nemhaka yehutachiona midzi, gorosi yegorosi inonyanya kukurumidzira yevatungamiri vayo, pamwe nekugadzirisa kwevhu, zvipfeko zvayo zvepanyama. Vakagadzirira kare ndivo vanokohwa kutanga kwezvirimwa: maruva, chibage , buckwheat, rapeseed, mbatatisi uye mapepati yakabikwa, oats .
Kugadzirira kwevhu kusati kwadyara yegorosi yechando kunoumbwa nekurima neharuti kana mukati. Musoro unofanirwa kuve wakarongedzwa zvakanaka - kukwirira kwemakona mushure mekurima hakugone kudarika 2 cm. Izvi zvichaita kuti kugoverwa kwekufananidzwa uye kuenzana kwakadaro kwe mbeu.
Kubva munguva yechando gorosi inofadza zvikuru kusvika kumwero wemakemikari muvhu uye asidi yayo, zvakakosha kuti isati yanyorera, igovera mavhithamini nemuviri, uyewo kuchengetedza pH ye 6.5-7. Sezvinoshandisa fertilizer zvinoshandiswa zvakasikwa, phosphoric-potassium pamusoro kupfeka, uye pakutanga kwegore zvinowedzera nitrogen fertilizer.
Miti yekudyara gorosi yechando inosiyana zvichienderana nemhando dzakasiyana siyana nemamiriro ekunze, asi pavhareji iyi nguva inowanikwa musi waSeptember 10-20. Nzira yekudyara - mutsara nemuganhu kusviba masendimita makumi mashanu.
Spring nechando gorosi - kusiyana
Kusiyana kukuru pakati pemhando iyi yezviyo iri munguva yekudyara kwavo. Saka, nguva yechando inodyarwa kubva muvhuvhu uye kukohwa kunotarwa muzhizha rinotevera. Apo chikoro chegorosi chinodyarwa mangwanani-ngwanani, uye kukohwa kunowanikwa mukutonhora kwegore rimwe chete.
Zvekare mbeu dzinomera pamberi pechando, munguva yegore dzinoramba dzichikura uye dzichikura zvakanyanya kupfuura kutanga kwemarudzi. Sezvo mutemo, mbeu dzechando dzinobereka kukohwa kwakakura, asi dzinogona kukura mumatunhu eine chando chechando nemamiriro ekunze. Pasina chifukidziro chakakura chechando, gorosi rinongomira.
Ndezvipi zvimwe zvinogona kusiyanisa gorosi yechando kubva kune gorosi wekorosi: gorosi wegorosi inowedzera kusanaya kwemvura uye ine nani kubha unhu, kunyange zvisingabatsiri. Zorosi gorosi inoda kuwanda kune ivhu.
Zima gorosi inokura muCentral Black Earth nzvimbo, muNorth Caucasus uye kune bhita rakarurama reVolga. Chitubu - mumaguta, Siberia uye Trans-Volga.