Gladiolus - kutarisa uye kutarisira munzvimbo yakazaruka, mitemo inokosha

MuRoma yekare, maruva aya akashongedza minda yemapindu, nhasi vanoda kukura iwo akawanda. Nyaya yedu ichakutaurira nezvemavara anonzi gladioli, kudyara nekutarisira munzvimbo yakazaruka kupfuura iyo pasina chakaoma.

Ko gladiolus inoratidzika sei?

Gladiolus maruva zvinogara zvisipo zvirimwa zvemhuri yeIris. Iyo yakareba yakareba-iyo-mashizha matsvuku anoita semapakatwa akacheka, saka ane rimwe zita-bakatwa. Mashizha akafukidzwa akakomberedzwa nemadziro akasiyana-siyana, kubva kune ma-inflorescences emaruva akafanana nemaruva ane mavara akasiyana-siyana anokura. Mune rimwe inflorescence kunogona kusvika kusvika makumi mapfumbamwe, asi pamwe chete 10-12 maruva anobudiswa.

Mushure mokunge gladiolus inopera, munzvimbo yebhinzi-bhokisi-michero nembeu inoumbwa. Pasi penyika, simiti ine korm. Gore roga roga rinovandudzwa. Ikobhu inoberekwa inopa mishonga yose pakutanga kwekukura kwemuti. Zvishoma nezvishoma, korms itsva inoumbwa uye inokura pamusoro payo, iyo yakakomberedza madiki ediki eii cubs. Ichava huru yekudyara zvinhu zvekuberekwa kwe gladiolus, kudyara kwakanaka uye kutarisirwa muvhu rakavhurwa shure uko kuchaunza michero yakaoneka.

Mitauro ye gladioli

Kana iwe uchida kutenga gladioli, kudyara nekutarisira muvhu rakazaruka mushure maro iri nyore, saka iwe unoda kusarudza maruva akanaka. Kune marudzi anenge 170 emiti iyi yakanaka uye marudzi akasiyana-siyana e gladiolus anobatana mumapoka maviri:

• kunoshongedza , iyo iyo yakareba ye inflorescence inokosha, nhamba yemashizha, ukuru, ruvara uye zvinyorwa zvemaruva;
• zvemari - iyo inogadzirisa kwavari ndeyekureba kwemuti, nguva yayo yemaruva, kunzwisiswa kwekutakura uye mamiriro okunze, kuberekwa kwehuwandu.

Zvichienderana nehukuru hwekubukira maruva, zvose gladioli zvakakamurwa kuva:

• miniature;
• small-flowered;
• medium-wavy;
• guru-flowered;
• giant.

Mhedzisiro yemakwenzi pamaruva inotapira uye yakasvibiswa, yakapetwa uye yakapetwa. Muvara we gladiolus unogona kuva usina kujairika. Dzimwe nguva inonakidza inobatanidza kusiyana kwakanyatsojeka uye kupfurikidza kushanduka kwemumvuri. Mucherechedzo wemaruva wehuyu yakasiyana-siyana, kubva pakuchenesa mifananidzo yakajeka kusvika kune mavara. Iyi miriwo inogona kuva isina-uye yemutsara-mutsara, uyewo zigzag. Izvo zvinoenderana nokuti maruva anogadzirwa sei akarongwa mu inflorescence. Uye, zvichienderana nehupamhi hwechirimwa, kune hutsika, husina simba, hukuru uye hurefu kwazvo.

Painobudirira gladioluses?

MaFlorist anosiyanisa zvinomwe zvakasiyana-siyana zve gladioli, mairi nguva dzakasiyana dzemaruva:

• mangwanani-ngwanani;
• kutanga;
• mid-term;
• average;
• pakati-shure;
• kunonoka;
• rakanyanyisa.

Mavhirikiti epakutanga anotumbuka pakati pemwedzi waJuly, mashizha-mavara-pakati peAugust, uye nenguva-munaSeptember. Zvisinei, ruzha rwe gladioli rakanaka rinokurudzirwa zvikuru nemamiriro okunze uye mamiriro ekunze enyika. Mumvura inotonhorera kana kuti kana isina mvura yakakwana, kukura kwegorosi kunogona kuderera kana kumira. Kana iwe uchida kuti mbeu dzako dzinofarira dzibudirire nekukurumidza, zvakasviba, nechepamusoro uye kutarisira kunze kunofanira kunge kwakakwana kune mamiriro okunze emuhara.

Kudyara gladiolus

Kuti maruva afadze maonero avo akanaka, munhu anofanira kuziva kudyara gladioli. Chokutanga pane zvose, unofanirwa kusarudza nzvimbo yakakodzera yekugara kwawo. Inofanira kuva nzvimbo inotonhora, yakanyatsonaka. Iyo ivhu yemaruva aya inofanira kuva chernozem, chiedza loam uye sandy loam. Chirongwa chacho chinofanirwa kuwedzerwa nekuwedzera nitrogen fertilizer , somuenzaniso, urea pachiyero che 15 g pa 1 sq.m. Tinochera pasi kune bayonet uye tobvisa masora. Gladiolus, kutarisa uye kutarisira muvhu rakazaruka, izvo zvisingakutore nguva yakawanda, hazvingakuremeri iwe.

Ndeipi yekugadzirira gladioli nekudyara mukati megore?

Usati wagadzira bulbs gladioli inofanira kunge yakanatswa kubva pachiyero. Nokudaro, zvinokwanisika kuona zviratidzo zvezvirwere pazviri kudyara uye kutora matanho panguva yakakodzera yekusvinwa kwayo. Nevatangi vekutanga zvichave zvichifadza kuziva kuti chii chingaita gladioli usati wasima. Iwe unogona kushandisa makemikari kune izvi, asi zviri nani kushandisa infusion yegoriki. Kuti ugadzike, unofanirwa kuisa 300 gramu egarlic munyama grinder uye udururire 10 litita emvura. Bhobho nechecheche zvinomiririrwa mumhinduro yakadaro kwemaawa maviri. Nokuda kwekusaporesa ropa, unogona kushandisa sarudzo ye potassium permanganate .

Nguva yekudyara gladioluses?

Zuva remamiriro okunze rakanyanyisa uye harisi nyore. Saka, kana iwe uchida kuziva apo unogona kudyara gladioli munzvimbo yakazaruka, zvakakosha kuti uteerere mazano evanoyanzvi. MaFlorist anorayira kuti atungamirire kune kutonhora kwevhu paunodyara gladioli. Nguva yakakosha yekugadzira nguva ichauya apo ivhu rakadzika 10-12 cm rinopisa kusvika 10 ° C.

Nzira yekugadzira sei gladiolus?

Kuti uwane kuti zvakadini gladiolus inofanira kudyarwa, munhu anofanira kuteerera mazano evanoziva. Kudyara gladiolus panzvimbo inoita bhedha nemigero yekudzika kwakasiyana: 15 cm - nokuda kwekukura kukuru, 9 cm - kwepakati uye, kunyange zvishoma - kwevana. Pasi pemugero, jecha shoma rinodururwa, ivhu rinodyarwa rakaiswa uye ivhu rinosaswa nehutete hwemasentimita 2-3. Tinofanira kucherechedza kuti kudyara kwakadzika kwekorms kunotungamirira pakuguma kwekuguma kwe gladiolus. Uye kana chirimo chiri chando, saka kudyara kwakadaro kunowedzera kukanganisa zvirwere zvefungal uye mabhakitiriya.

Nzira yekutarisira gladioli?

Kudyara gladioli nekuvatarisira kunofanira kunge kwakanyatsonaka. Kana mashizha achikura, ivhu rakapoteredza michero rinofanira kuvharwa ne humus kusvika masendimita masere masikati. Izvi zvichadzivirira ivhu kubva pakupisa uye kupera simba mumamiriro ekunze. Yakaonekwa peduncles nemafuta, kana zvichidikanwa, inofanira kusungirirwa pamatanda, uye maruva akaoma anofanira kugara achibviswa. Sezvo masora achipindira nekukura uye kutumbuka kwe gladioli, michero inofanira kushandiswa mashizha 3-4 munguva dzezhizha. Maruva akanaka kwazvo gladioli, kudyara uye kutarisira muvhu rakavhurwa shure kwavo kuchaita kuti munda wako uve muchero oasis chaiwo.

Kutarisira gladioli - kunwisa

Kukura kwakakodzera kwe gladiolus hakugoneki pasina kudiridza kamwechete kamwe pavhiki. Panyaya inonyanya kupisa, izvi zvinofanira kuitwa zuva rega rega. Nguva yakanakisisa yokudiridza yemiti yakangomuka mangwanani kana manheru. Kunwisa kunofanira kunge kwakawanda - 1 bhakiti remvura pa 1 sq. Km. m. Izvo chete nemvura yakadaro, ivhu richasvibiswa kune zvakakosha 30-40 masikati. Mvura iri nani mukati mutsara, ichiedza kusanwa mvura pamashizha emiti. Pashure pacho, pasi inofanira kusunungurwa. Kana iwe uchida kudzivisa kuvhara nekusunungura, bvisa ivhu pasi pemiti pamwe ne compost kana humus.

Top dressing of gladiolus

Kuwedzera gladioli muvhu rakazaruka kunofanirwa kuendeswa nekudya kwavo. Pakati penguva yose yezvinomera gladioli inogona kudyiwa kashanu:

1. Pakutanga kwekura, maruva anoda nitrogen. Nekushaikwa kwayo, mashizha anova akajeka, uye maruva haana simba. Mushonga wokutanga we urea unofanirwa kuitwa muchikamu chema 2-3 mapepa. Kudzorera iyi fungamire kunogona kunge kuvharirwa kwe mullein, manyowa yehuku kana kuti maseru.
2. Chechipiri inogadziriswa ne nitrogen-potassium fertilizer inowanikwa muzhizha 3-4-mashizha.
3. Chechitatu chekudya pamashizha 5-6, potassium sulphate inoshandiswa, iyo inovandudza metabolism, inowedzera kurwisana nezvirwere nekudzikama kwechando kwemiti.
4. Kwenguva yechina, gladioli inodyiswa munguva yekukura kwezvinyorwa, kushandisa iyo nitrophosphate, kemira, nitroamophoska. Kuti maruva e gladiolus ave makuru, zvinokwanisika kunwisa ivhu pasi pemiti yacho nemhinduro ye boric acid.
5. Yechishanu , iyo yekupedzisira yekupfekedza, inoitwa mushure mokutunga maruva. Inoshandisa superphosphate, potassium sulfate. MunaSeptember, unogona kunwisa gladioli nemhinduro ye potassium permanganate. Izvo zvichava potasium fertilizing, nekudzivirira mweya.

Zvirwere zve gladioli

Iyi yakaisvonaka maruva, semamwe mimwe michero, inowanikwa kune zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Kune zvirwere zvakadaro zve gladioli se:

• mushroom - yakaipisisa pakati pavo ndeye fusariosis, yakaoma yakasviba uye gorosi yakaora. Miti yakakanganiswa inokura zvakashata, mashizha ayo akafukidzwa, otendeuka uye ooma. Pamusoro peeiii, kuora mavara matsvuku-matsvuku kunoumbwa;
• Mabhakiteriya ndeye chivara che gladioli. Nezvo, misoro yemashizha inooma. Uye zvino vanooma. Iyo tsvina pachitsiko chevhu uye inoputsa. Corms yakafukidzwa nematema uye matsvuku;
• viral - cucumber mosaic, yellow bean mosaic, nzvimbo yemhete yemamato. Aya mavairasi, achipfuura kubva pamiti yakakodzana, anoshamisa gladioli, achidzivirira kuti vasakure nekukura.

Zvipembenene zve gladioli

Kufanana nemimwe michero, gladiolus mubindu inogona kurwiswa nezvipembenene zvakasiyana-siyana:

• mutsva - iyo nyanya yakawanda yemaruva aya, inomwa jisi kubva kumashizha uye mashizha emuti wacho. Kuderedza zviyero zvinosanganisira kupirisa nePhytoverm, decis, kukohwa kwokutanga kwebhubhu, kuichengeta pamasikisa asina kupfuura + 8 ° С;
• iyo wireman inobata pasi pevhu ye gladiolus uye inotakura mabhakitiriya uye zvirwere zvehutachiona. Kuti varwise, maitiro kubva kumudzi wezvirimwa, kupera kwezhizha kunosunungura kwevhu uye kuchengetedza nguva dzose kwemasora kunoshandiswa;
• hove - imwe yezvipembenene zvinowanzoshandiswa zvinodyisa mbeu yemiti. Kuti kuparadze hove, mbeu inoshandiswa nemakemikari kana vanhu vese mishonga;
• munda wegodhi unobatanidza kukanganisa kukuru kune gladioli, kukuvadza zvisati zvaonekwa buds nemaruva emiti. Mukurwisana nenhokwe, mbeu dzinogona kurapwa nekuiswa kwekiki uye soro yekuchenesa.