Kudyara strawberries - hwaro hwehupfumi hwakawanda

Zvirimwa zvinokonzerwa nemakwenzi zviri pasi rose mukuchengetedza: dzinogona kukura uye kubereka michero pamwe chete munzvimbo dzepasi, uye mumasitoro, pasi pefirimu kana mumaruva emaruva pabhandi. Kubva pakuchengetwa kwemitemo inokosha yekudyarwa kwemajeri strawberries kunofanana nehutano hwebwenzi pamubhedha uye ivhu rekukohwa munguva yemberi.

Inotarisira kudyara strawberries

Munda wejikiji unogona kutanga kubva kumichero pamwe chete nekudyara zvakananga mbeu kune ivhu. Chechipiri sarudzo inoshandiswa kakawanda kazhinji: kana iwe uchikumbira murimi ane ruzivo nezvekudyara sitirobheri zvakarurama, achatanga nyaya yake nekuwana kana kukura mbeu. Kana zvisina kudaro mazano okudyara anotarisa pa:

1. Kusarudza mbeu yakanaka. Kune vanotanga uye vagari venharaunda dzine nzvimbo dzinotonhora kana inotonhora, zviri nani kutanga kuedza nemurivo - pamahombekiti avo F1 kuisa chiratidzo.
2. Kukura pane chipanje kana padon pad. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti mbeu dzinodururirwa pamucheka wakasviba, chidimbu chekumborera rubber, kamba, asi kwete pasi. Iyi nzira yekugadzirisa inogadzirisa dambudziko re "mbeu dzenhema", iyo peat pots inoparadzwa. Muchiganda chemapurasitiki, machira kana pamba yekotoni yakanyorova nemvura inowira, mbeu dzakarongedzerwa, iyo inoshandiswa kudyara mbeu dzebasiketi. Iyo ndiro yakavharwa nechivigiro uye yakachengetwa munzvimbo inotonhora kusvikira mbeu ichidzira.
3. Zvinotambudza. Usati watumira mbeu kuhope yezvirimwa, hutano hwavo hunosimbiswa nekusiyana kwekushisa kunoshanduka. Kaviri pazuva, zvigadziri zvinowanikwa mufiriji kwemaawa maviri kuti zvidzivirire rufu rwavo munguva yekutanga kupisa.

Miti yekudyara strawberries

Zvibereko zvezvirimwa zvebriro hazvibatsiri chete nemafuta, asiwo nevhu. Vazhinji vemirimi vanoziva kudyara gorobheni vanove nechokwadi kuti zvisikwa zvaro hazvigoni kutsungirira mishonga ye calcium - carbonates. Nokudaro, hazvigoneki kushandisa munda wemajeri umo tomato, chiBulgaria uye pepper inopisa kana mbatata yakakura gore rapera. Sarudza ivhu rakafanira richabatsira mitemo inotevera:

1. Izvo zvishoma zvishoma zviduku zvevhu. Mavara anoita mapundu akareba muvhu, achidzivirira kupinda mukati kwemojeni nemiriri kumidzi. Kana ivhu riri panzvimbo yacho richiri kureva loamy, rinosanganiswa nehova kana gungwa regungwa muchikamu che3: 1.
2. Iyo yakawanda yakawanda yekubatana kwevhu. Kudyara kwewainirobheni kunofanira kuverengwa nokuda kwehutongi hwemadziro emasendimita makumi matatu (30 cm). Kubva kwegomba rekugadzirisa, kutarisa kudiridza uye kugadzikana kwevhu, kunogona kunge kune 45-50 cm.
3. Kubhadhara kwehuwandu hwevhu kune humus. Iyo inochengetedza hunyoro muvhu pane mazuva akaoma, saka humus level ye 3-5% inonyanya kukosha kwekuchera mabhasi muvhu.

Kureba pakati pegorobheni pakusvika

Pane mazvirongwa makumi mana ekuisa mabhasi mumuganhu wemuguta: nzvimbo iri pakati pavo inobva pakusarudzwa kwechirongwa. Iyo yakadyarwa yakakodzera yemaswisiri inorongwa maererano nemhando dzinotevera:

1. Zvimisi zvimire makwenzi. Mhando dzakakura dzine kukura zvakapararira midzi uye masayadhi marefu. Kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti haatauri, masharuki anogara achibviswa, uye pakati pebwenzi, kureba kwema 50-60 cm kunoonekwa.
2. Row on the ridge. Munda unobatanidzwa, mashizha anosimwa mumiganhu yakafanana nemasendimita makumi maviri nemasere kubva pamasendimita makumi maviri nemasere.
3. Kudyara gorosi yemaswisi. Zvishoma-kukura zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokura panzvimbo yemubhedha, zvichigadzira chigadziro nemascheche akadzivirirwa. Zvirimwa zvakasimwa zvakasimba zvokuti pasi pemashizha avo epamusoro microclimate inoumbwa, inobatsira kunzvimbo dzemvura.
4. Kunyorera kudengenyeka. Pakati pezvere yeridhiya munda wakasimwa rimwe gwenzi, rakapoteredza rakasimwa mamwe matanhatu. Nharaunda pakati pemiti yakakidzana haifaniri kunge iri pasi pe5-6 cm, pakati pemasvingo akavakidzana - 40 cm.

Nzira yekudiridza sitirobheni mushure mekudyara?

Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvekuchengetedza zvibereko zvevheti ndeyemvura yepasi pasi payo. Vanofanira kunge vasisipo pedyo nemamita 1 kusvika pasi pevhu. Iyo yakakwirira yezinga, nguva shomanana yemibhedha inodirirwa, uye zvakasiyana. Ukudiridza mushure mekudyara sitirobheni kunofanirwa kutarisa zvinhu zvemuti:

1. Iyo midzi yezvirimwa zvechero inowanzoshanda chete kana mvura inogamuchirwa pamwe chete nehurefu hwose hwepasi pevhu che stem. Saka, hazvigoneki kunwisa imwe chete yaro kana kuvimba pamvura pasi.
2. Mhepo inonyatsoputika kubva muvhu mukati mehafu yekutanga yezuva - kunwisa kunofanira kuitika mangwanani ekutanga.
3. Kudyara strawberries hakubvumiri kunwisa nemvura ine jet kana kuburikidza nekusasa. Kushandiswa kwemvura yakakwirira kunoderedza midzi, saka kubva panguva yekuonekwa kwemashizha uye tisati takura fruiting, shandisa girasi-sprayer.

Mushonga wegorobheni panguva yekudyara

Pasina kukodzera fertilizing (organic kana makemikari) michero inorwara kana kukura duku. Kurwisana nehuvhu uye zvirema zvakasvibiswa, zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa izvo zvinoshandiswa katatu kwegore rose: mushure mekutengesa kana kuonekwa mashizha, panguva inoyerera uye kubereka michero. Ndeupi rudzi rwemumanyorera kudyara strawberries harungadai rwakashandiswa, runofanira kusanganisira:

• compost ;
• humus;
• urea ;
• superphosphate ;
• ash;
• potassium munyu.

Mazuva ekugadzira michero

Sezvakaita chero munda wekurima, sitirobi ine nguva yakanakisisa yekuendesa michero pasi, iyo iyo isingafi. Icho chinotsanangurwa pano apa mamiriro emamiriro okunze: michero haifaniri kutarisana nemafuta kana nguva yemvura. Mazuva okudyara kwewashwiberi mumwaka wechinyakare akasiyana kubva pakuvhura, nekuti inotarisirwa kuita zvikamu zvakasiyana:

1. Mukutanga kweChishanu, mabhesi ari kumaodzanyemba anodyarwa pamibhedha, kuitira kuti masayera ane simba uye rosettes zvivepo. Nekusima kwekupedzisira, kukohwa kuchaderedzwa nechimwe che 1.5-2. Muchikwata chepakati, kushandiswa uku kunoitwa kubva munaMarch 15 kusvika kuApril 1.
2. Muchikwata, mbeu inoshaya maduku, iyo mugore rokutanga haigoni kupona muhuzha hwechando. Kudhindwa pasi kunoitwa kubva munaJuly 25 kusvikira kuSeptember 15.

Nzira yekudyara sitirobi munguva yegore?

Pakati pezhizha rezhizha, dambudziko guru rezvikoroti ndiro wheatgrass nemamwe masora, saka kusati kwasara kwema strawberries muchitsime, gomo racho rakanyatsochera uye midzi yemamwe miti inobviswa. Zvimwe zviito ndezvi:

1. Kuwedzera asidi yevhu. Kwekudiridza zvinoshandisa shanduko yakakosha yemaketone.
2. Nokuda kwekuendesa kune ivhu, kusingaperi kwemasitadhi kana mashizha zvinoshandiswa, iyo yakakura yakakura iyo inenge 6 mm.
3. Kudyara kwewainirobheni kunoitwa mushure mokunge wakarara mumhepo mumumvuri kwemazuva maviri.
4. Mbeu dzinodyarwa mumakomba akaoma, pasi payo pane inofanira kunge iri madhishi. Zvichinyanya kuvhara nyika mushure mekuchera nemaoko enyu, tsvina inofanira kudururwa zvakanyanya.

Nzira yekudyara sitirobi mukuwa?

Vatangi vemitambo vanofanira kutakura mabhasi munguva yekuwa, kwete mumwaka. Zvadaro mukana wekutsika fruiting nekufa kwemuti unowira. Kuti unzwisise nzira yekugadzira zvakanaka strawberries mushure mekukohwa, unofanira kutevera mitemo yakawanda:

1. Kusarudzwa kwenzvimbo yakazaruka yevhu inopisa nezuva pamusoro pezhizha. Muchiitiko ichi, ivhu richachera zvishoma nezvishoma sezvinobvira.
2. Nguva yekudyara yakatemwa zvisingararamiro - mwedzi mumwechete inofanira kuramba ichiripo kusvika chisvini.
3. Iyo ivhu rakasvibiswa kubva kune sitirobi nematodes nemvura pamwe nekuwedzera kweammonia.
4. Nyika, yakafuridzirwa kubva mumakomba, inosanganiswa nemumanyore muchikamu che 6: 1 uye ichidzosa zvakare mumakomba mushure mekunge yaiswa mumasango.
5. Muchikwata, kudyara strawberries nemasitadhi kunonyanya kufarirwa. Irosette ine tsvina yakareba inowanikwa muhari mumucheto waJune kwevhiki mbiri. Apo rosette inotanga midzi, inoiswa kune zvinoenderana nechirongwa chinowanzoitwa.
6. Kudyara kunofukidzirwa nezvinhu zvinopisa - firimu yakaoma.

Nzira dzekudyara strawberries

Kune zvipo zvakawanda zvekurima berry iyi iyo haifaniri kuva nenzvimbo huru dzekukohwa kukohwa. Sarudza kuti ungadyara sei gorobheni, zvichienderana nezvido kana mikana yemurimi. Kune nzira ina huru dzekuita izvi:

• achidzika panzvimbo yakazaruka;
• vertical cultivation;
• Dyyara strawberries pazvinyorwa zvokufukidzira;
• ichidzika mumapapipi.

Chirongwa chokudyara strawberries muvhu rakavhurika

Zvichipa kuti berry inonyoresa kuumbwa kwevhu, inobvumira ivhu rakanaka uye rinotakura peat kana sandstone. Kudyara nekutarisira sitirobheni muvhu rakazaruka kunotarisa zviyero zvezvikamu:

• ivhu disinfection;
• kuchira kunze kwemasango kubva peat pots pamwe nehomwe yevhu;
• Kuviga zvitsva nemutsipa mukuru mumudzi muvhu;
• Kusika kwemugwagwa nekuchengetedza kure pamusarudzo yakasarudzwa yekuuya.

Kudyara strawberries pasi pefirimu

Kuraira pasi pefirimu kunokubvumira kusarudza majiroji mwedzi musati watanga zuva rakakodzera. Kungofanana nekudyara sitirobi pasi pefirimu, inogona kuiswa pasi pegrofiber. Nzira mbiri idzi dzinoumba microclimate chaiyo pamubhedha, inodzivirirwa kubva kumapukanana nekunyanyisa kukuru. Agrotechnics munyaya ino inoshanda zvinotevera:

• Kugadzirira kwemabhedha nemukwikwidzi wepamusoro;
• chivako nechikamu chefirimu kana chirairo chakashure mushure mekudiridza;
• Kugadzirira kwemafuro muzvinyorwa zvekufukidzira nebanga, pasina izvo zvisingabviri kudyara strawberries pasi pegrofiber;
• Kudyara michero mumatope;
• kudiridza uye kuwedzera kucheka sezvinodiwa.

Kudyara strawberries mumapayipi

Kudyara kwejiriji mumapapu kunogona kuiswa zvose zviri pasi uye zvakananga. Misiyano chete ndeyokuti kudyara miche yewashwiberi mumapapu kumativi kunotora nzvimbo yakawanda kubva panzvimbo yose yepaiti. Pasinei nokuti rudzi rwepombi rinogadziriswa sei, rinoitwa maererano nehurongwa hwechipiri:

1. Pipu yesimbi yakaonda, plastiki kana PVC inotemwa kune yakareba urefu.
2. Muchidimbu chimwe nechimwe, zvikoti zvinonongedzwa kana kuti zvigarohwa nepamusoro we 8-10 cm.
3. Ivhu rakasunungurwa uye rakavigwa mumapapiro pamwe chete nemumanyorera, nokuti munguva yemberi hazvigoni kushanda zvakafanana kuti izere ivhu nezvinhu zvinobatsira.
4. Mumapayipi, vanogadzira mapundu uye vanogadzirisa nekuwedzera ivhu.
5. Strawberries inodyarwa mumakomba isina kudzika midzi midzi muvhu. Makomba ayo anoita neminwe yavo.

Kutarisa kwakasvibirira kwewainirobheni

Pakugadzira miriwo hamuna nzvimbo yemuganhu wakawanda wekurima strawberries, asi izvi hazvizovi chipingamupinyi kune unyanzvi wemizambiringa. Zviri nyore kudzidza kudyara mbeu yemaswisi - kune nzira mbiri chete dzekuita izvi:

1. Vertical chain-pyramid kubva mune zvidhina zvakasiyana, mataire kana chifuva. Multilevel kutarisa kunogona kugadzirwa kubva kune imwe midziyo yemafesi nemabhokisi, mabhazi emotokari kana kusanganiswa kwezvikwata zvakawanda. Muhomwe mabhokisi kana masango mumatairi, ivhu rakavigwa, umo miti inodyarwa.
2. Cylindrical design yesimbi kana mesh. Iyo "pombi" ine urefu hwe 1.5-2 m inoputirwa mugomba uye izere nevhu rakafanira. Mashizha ebhanwa rakasimwa mumakomba: kunyanya kuvatarisira kuchava kunwisa nekuchera masharuki. Nokuti kufungira mbeu yemvura yakakwana chete yakakodzera.

Kudyara strawberries nembeu

Kunyange zvazvo nzira yekutarisa zvakananga muvhu isingafungidzirwi yakakurumbira, ine vateveri vayo. Munharaunda ine mvura uye inodziya, varimi vazhinji vanofunga kukura kwezvirimwa sekushatisa kwenguva, nokuti havadi kuoma uye kushandura mbeu pasi. Iyi nzira haisi kurega kutaridzika kwehutano hwevhu: usati wadyara miche yemasitrore kana mbeu, mabhedha akasvibiswa neasingaoneki substrate kana humus. Pakati pemimwe mitemo yekudyara nzira yakananga inoratidza:

1. Sarudza nguva yekudyara. Kana mbeu yacho inowanikwa muhote muimba kana girazi-mubhokisi, ipapo ivhu rakavhurika rinoderedza mbeu yekodzero yekuwana kupisa munguva yekushanda kwekuwedzera. Nguva yekubhabhatidzwa kwavo pasi inofamba kubva pakutanga kwaMarch kusvika pakati peApril, apo njodzi yechando yakaderera kusvika zero
2. Mulching. Kuti dzidzivirire kushanduka pakushisa uye yezvinyangadza zvekutanga, maguta acho anosaswa nemashizha, zvakasara zvemasango ekare kana nheyo. Kuvhara kwevhu kune ivhu nekutsvaira kwemashizha ebrawberry kuchave kwakanaka uye kuchaonga nevanopindira.
3. Kubvisa mapepa pasi . Apo mashizha 3-4 anoonekwa pamusoro pepamusoro pemafuro, ezasi anonyatsodzima kuitira kuti majee ose aende kukuvandudzwa kwezvitsva zveplorescences.