Urolithiasis inoratidzwa nekuumbwa kwematombo (concrements) munhengo dze urinary system. Rimwe zita rehutachiona urolithiasis. Maererano nehuwandu, chirwere ichi chakapararira zvokuti chinokanganisa kune imwe yero kana imwe yechishanu yevakuru.
Urolithiasis - zvinokonzera
Nheyo dzakasimba-dzakafanana mumakumbo, ureter, kana chivako chinotanga kuonekwa kakawanda kuvanhu vanhu makumi maviri nemakumi maviri nemakumi mashanu, asi dzimwe nguva - uye muhuduku. Iyo nzira yekuumbwa kwavo yakasiyana, saka zvakaoma kusarudza kunze kwechimwe chinhu chinokonzera chikonzero. Kazhinji, zvinokonzera urolithiasis zvinosanganiswa nekuputsa kwemagetsi emitumbi mumuviri, maererano nekuumbwa kwemashoko emakorani emakristalllizing compounds.
Zviratidzo zvekusimudzira chirwere ndezvi:
- hutano;
- kushandiswa kwemvura ine nhamba yakawanda yemamwe maminera;
- kusakwana kukwanisa kudhakwa;
- mararamiro ehupenyu;
- zvirwere zvinotapukira uye zvinoputika zvemugomba wemuguta;
- zvirwere zvisingaperi zvekugadzira muviri;
- kupararira kwemazwi akaoma, acidic, salty foods muzvokudya;
- kushandisa zvakanyanya zvimwe zvibereko (herbs, nyama, midziyo yemiti, simba yakasimba, nezvimwewo);
- kuberekwa kana kuwanikwa kusakanganiswa kwetsvo, ureters (nyonganyonga, mimwe midziyo);
- zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemagetsi ( gout , hyperparathyroidism );
- kutora mamwe mishonga, nezvimwewo.
Urolithiasis - marudzi ematombo
Urolithiasis inogona kuongororwa nematombo asina kuroorwa kana akawanda, ane huyu hwakasiyana - kubva pa1 mm kusvika 10 cm kana kupfuura. Mukuvapo kwematombo madiki mashomanana anofamba iwo anonzi jecha. Maererano nechimiro, mabwe ekuvhenekera anogona kunge akareruka, akapoteredzwa, ane mitsetse yakapinza uye nemiti. Chikamu chinonzi coral, kana chiri mukati mutsvo uye chinotora inenge chidimbu chayo yose, ichiumba "mold" ye calyx-pelvis system.
Matombo aya makriststals emuyunyu munyu, akasungwa nemaprotheni akasiyana-siyana. Vakawanda vavo vane mishonga yakasanganiswa, asi kazhinji iyo inotungamirirwa nemamwe makemikari. Urolithiasis (urolithiasis) mumakemikari yakagadzirwa nemakwenzi akaparadzaniswa muzvikamu zvakatevera zvinotevera:
- oxalate;
- urate;
- phosphate;
- struvite.
Oxalate Urolithiasis
Kuenzanisa kwematombo mu urolithiasis kunokosha nekuda kwekurapa kwakakodzera. Mune varwere vazhinji (inenge 70%) inhengo yeal oxate yakagadzirwa ne calcium oxalate uye oxalate ammonium salt inowanikwa. Zviratidzo zvazvo zvakakwirira, mashoma solubility, spiny surface. Paunofamba, mabwe akadaro anokuvadza nyore nyore matukisi emuviri we urinary system, uye ropa rinokonzera rinobatsira kuvasvibisa mumushu mutsvuku, zvinenge mutsvuku.
Chimwe chezvikonzero zvekugadzirwa kwezvipfeko zvemufananidzo uyu ndeyekudya kwekudya umo ascorbic acid, oxalic acid inowanikwa mune zvakawanda, pane kushaikwa kwemagesium uye vitamini B6. Mukuwedzera, ivo vanotsamwiswa nechitarisiko chezvirwere zvinoputika zveeitsvo, maitiro pamatumbo emimba, endocrine kusagadzikana.
Phosphate urolithiasis
Achirondedzera matombo api aripo kana urolithiasis, nyanzvi dzinotaura kuti phosphate matombo zvakajairika, uye mumatambudziko mazhinji-muvakadzi. Izvo zvinosanganisira phosphoric acid uye calcium munyu uye inonyorera, inogadzirisa maitiro ejena kana kuti yakachena. Matombo akadaro anogona kukura zvakanyanya kwazvo, achitora mhuka dzose dzomusango, i.e. vachiumba makorari masvingo.
Mune zviitiko zvizhinji, zvirwere zvinotapukira muurinary system, zvichiita kuti arkalinization yemuguta, ive iyo kutanga kwekusimudzirwa kwepassphates. Chimwe chikonzero chinowanzokonzerwa ndechekushaya simba kwezvinyorwa zvepathyroid, zvinotungamirira mukuvhiringidzwa kwephosphate metabolism. Maitiro ezvokudya anoita basa, iyo yakawanda yeti yakasimba yeti nefivha inopedzwa, vitamini A, E, D inoshaya inoonekwa.
Struvitous urolithiasis
Matombo anokosha muUrolithiasis anoonekwa mune anenge 15% yevarwere. Aya mabwe ane ruvara rwakaoma, anogona kukura nokukurumidza. Mukunyorwa, izvi zvinokonzerwa ammonium uye magnesium phosphate, uye carbonate apatite. Chimwe chikonzero chinokonzera maitiro avo chirwere chetrogenital tract, iyo inokonzera kukonzera iyo iyo inokonzera kuchenesa urea mabhakitiriya. Zvirwere zvepachigoni zvinowanika pamatombo ivo pachavo.
Kakawanda, kuumbwa kwechirongwa chechivimbiso kunoshandiswa nekuderera kwepamusoro, kusina kuvhara kwechiganda, zvichiita kuti urini iwedzere. Muchikwata chekutengesa - varwere vane chirwere cheshuga mellitus uye vakakuvadzwa nepecvic nzvimbo nekumanikidzirwa kwenguva refu kusagadzikana. Chikafu chekudya chinogona kushanda sehuwandu hweprotiniti yezvokudya muzvokudya (kunyanya nyama).
Urartic urolithiasis
Inenge chikamu chetatu chevarwere vane urolithiasis vanogadzira matombo euguate - mavara machena kana zvidhina-mavara-mavara ane simba rakaoma-shanduka uye inenge yakaoma. Nekemikemikari mune salir ye uric acid. Aya maitiro anogona kuunganidzwa muitsvo, chidimbu, urinary tubes.
Madzimai, chimiro che urolithiasis chinoonekwa sechinguva chiduku, izvo zvichida nekuda kwechimwe chezvikonzero zvadzo zvikuru - kushandiswa kwezvokudya zvinowanikwa mu purines. Zvinhu izvi zvinowanikwa muhuwandu mune nyama yemhuka mhuru, mumumvuzi, kutonhora, magorosi, nezvimwewo. Mukuwedzera, chirwere chinogona kuumbwa nekuda kwekusawirirana kwemagetsi uye kuwedzera kwakanyanya muhuwandu hweuric acid mumuviri.
Urolithiasis - zviratidzo
Zviratidzo zvinowanzoitwa urolithiasis ndezvi:
- kurwadziwa kwenguva nenguva munharaunda ye lumbar (kune rumwe rutivi, kumativi maviri) kana munzvimbo yeguruva inosuruvara uye yakajeka, kukwezva unhu;
- kazhinji kukurudzira kurinate ;
- kurwadziwa, kupisa kunzwa kana uchikwira;
- kukanganiswa kwemuguta, kuonekwa kweropa mauri;
- kurira kwechiso, maoko.
Kazhinji, hutachiona kwenguva refu hahuzviiti hunozviratidza, uye zviratidzo zveurolithiasis kwenguva yekutanga zvinogona kuzviratidza muRoal colic , apo dombo rinopinda mumusere uye rinoita kuti rivhare. Muchiitiko ichi, zviratidzo zvinotevera zvinoitika:
- unhu hwakajeka hwekumanikidzwa kunorwadza munharaunda ye lumbar;
- chiitiko chinowanzoda kukurudzira, mushure mokunge anuria inogona kuonekwa;
- kuwedzera kwekushisa kwemuviri;
- chills;
- nausea;
- cold sweat;
- blanching, nezvimwewo.
Urolithiasis - diagnostic
Urolithiasis inogona kugadziriswa ne ultrasound yezvinso, bladder uye urinary tubes. Nhoroondo ye computed tomography uye radiocontrast diagnostics inoita kuti zvive nyore kukwanisa kunyatsogadzirisa chimiro, hukuru uye huwandu hwematombo, kuti aongorore urwizi runotenderera, kuti aone kuti zvinogona kudzivirirwa maitiro emucheni. Kana urolithiasis inofungidzirwa, urinalysis uye kuongorora ropa kunobatsira kusimbisa mararamiro emagetsi uye kubudisa dombo-kuita zvinhu.
Urolithiasis - kurapa
Kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekurapa varwere vane matombo muurinary system, zvichienderana nenzvimbo yematombo, kuumbwa kwavo, ukuru, kliniki zviratidzo zvechirwere, chiyero chekushaya simba rekuita basa, nezvimwewo. Mukuwedzera pakubvisa maitiro ekudzivirira kubva mumuviri, kugadziriswa kwezvinoratidzika zvinokonzerwa nemagetsi, izvo zvakashanda sezvikonzero zvinokonzera, zvinodiwa.
Kurapa kweurolithiasis nematombo ediki maduku kunowanzoitwa nenzira yemishonga inomanikidzwa kudyaotherapy. Muchidimbu uye maitiro makuru, pane chidimbu chekuparadzana kwavo (lithotripsy) kana kuti kubviswa nokukurumidza. Shandisa zvinotevera zvisingasviki maitiro ekupwanya mabwe:
- Zvinyorwa zvekutsvaga - kurema matombo achishandiswa nemagadziri-jenereta ekutyisidzira, anotengeswa kubva kunze, kuteverwa nemhepo yakasununguka ine urwu rwemvura.
- Kubatana nemapapiro inonzi yakagadziriswa nokuisa endoscope muchivharo, chiremba kana kuti renal pelvis, kuburikidza nemafungu emagetsi, mavhesi emhepo kana mashizha emasero anoshandiswa kuparadza matombo nekuwedzera kubudiswa nechishuvo kana kushandisa endoscopic loops nemasimba.
Urolithiasis - kurapa (zvinodhaka)
Kuti kuderedzwa kurwadziwa panguva yekutambudzika, kwete-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Diclofenac, Indomethacin ) uye spasmolytics ( No-shpa , Atropine, Nifedipine) inorayirwa. Spasmolytics inofanirwa kuderedza inzwi remuviri wemugwagwa wemuguta uye kuita kuti kubviswa kwemawe maduku. Mukuwedzera, pane zvakawanda zvakagadzirwa zvemishonga zvine antispasmodic uye anti-inflammatory effects (Kanefron, Cystenal, Olimetin).
Mishonga ye urolithiasis, iyo ine kuputsa-dombo kuburikidza nekushandura acidity yemuguta, inogona kushandiswa kumativi ose emarudzi ematombo, kunze kwekuti struvite. Nokuda kweizvi, zvinodhaka zvinotevera zvinogona kukurudzirwa:
- ne oxalate urolithiasis - Piroxidine, Thiamin plus Asparcum, Magnesium oxide;
- phosphate matombo - Aluminium hydroxide, Tsiston;
- ne urate concretions - Blemaren, Soluran, Magurlit, Allopurinol.
Kana urolithiasis iri pamwe chete nekuumbwa kwematombo e struvite, kurapwa kwema antibacterial kunoratidzwa, kune mishonga yakadai seyi:
- Cefepime;
- Ofloxacin;
- Meropenem nevamwe.
Urolithiasis - kurapwa nemishonga yevanhu
Nekurapa urolithiasis, mishonga yevanhu inoziva zvakawanda. Muchiitiko ichi, hapana nzira iyo inogona kushandiswa zvakasununguka, pasina kubvumirana nachiremba, tk. zvinogona kuva nengozi. Muzhinji, zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogadzirwa zvemishonga zvinoshandiswa, iyo yakasarudzirwa zvichienderana nekemikemu yakagadzirwa, ukuru uye nzvimbo yematombo. Kuumbwa kwemishonga yemishonga kunogona kusanganisira zvinotevera mishonga yemishonga:
- chibage stigmas;
- burdock root;
- akasimuka mahudyu;
- mitaro mitatu violet;
- dandelion roots;
- mashizha emazambiringa;
- mashizha e currant, nezvimwewo.
Kudya ne urolithiasis
Zvichienderana nerudzi rwekugadzira urinary uye kuratidza kusagadzikana kwemagetsi, chiremba anorondedzera kudya kweutrothiasisis. Muzhinji, nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzehutano, kudya kune urolithiasis kunopa:
- kuwedzera mumvura inotonhorera (inenge 2 malita pazuva);
- kuderedza muhuwandu hwezvikamu;
- kuwedzera muzvokudya zvakazara mufiber;
- kudziviswa kwemunyu, zvinonhuwira;
- kugadziriswa kwekushandiswa kwezvokudya uye zvinwiwa nematombo-kuumba zvinhu (animal protein, purines, oxalic acid, nezvimwewo).
Operation na urolithiasis
Kana corneal urolithiasis kana zvipfeko zvakakura zviongororwa, zvinokwanisika kushandiswa kwemapapiro echinyakare-mazaya e-ultrasound, anodyiwa kuburikidza nekuputika muganda uye endoscope inowanikwa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, munhu haagoni kuita kunze kwekuvhiyiwa - nekushayikwa kwenguva refu kwechiitiko chekuchengetedza kurapwa, kusingagumi kwemuguta, chirwere chakakomba chinoputika, nezvimwewo. Mhando dzakadaro dzokuvhiya dzinoshandiswa:
- pyelolithotomy;
- nephrolithotomy;
- ureterolithotomy.
Kudzivirira kweurolithiasis
Zvose zvinodzivirira uye zvechipiri kudzivirira urolithiasis zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:
- kunyatsokodzera kunwa doro;
- zvakasiyana-siyana zvine utano hwakakwana;
- kuramba tsika dzakaipa;
- basa rakawedzerwa mumuviri;
- kurapwa kwakakodzera kwezvirwere;
- kuongororwa kwechiremba nguva dzose.